SU88167A1 - Drawing device for building shadows on architectural projects - Google Patents

Description

1) The invention unit is a drawing device in the form of a plate with a linear scale and a protractor designed to create real shadows on architectural projects.

In architectural drawing, the construction of shadows on a) the art facade is usually performed under () the conditional direction of the light rays, which sometimes distorts the actual nature of the lighting of the building. At the same time, izvesgnye che. The devices do not allow construction of real shadows from the actual light-flowing direction in architectural projects in architectural projects.

A distinctive feature of the proposed drawing device is that, in order to realize the possibility of building real shadows on architectural projects based on the principle of affinity, the drawing device plate is equipped with two rulers on the axis installed on the center of the protractor with a longitudinal slit and moving in parallel groove plate

., bearing on this slider with a pointer.

FIG. 1 and 2 depict schemes pi: cable; related points on a piece of art; in fig. 3 and 4 schemes for constructing related points using the proposed drawing device; in fig. 5 is a general view of the drawing;) device.

The action of the drawing device is based on the principles of universal affinity. The arrow P in FIG. 1 is the beam direction of the light rays, then the point a is a shadow or projection point. 4 on the plane - 1 in the direction of the light beam. With 1 rotation: -1 and through the point .4 of the horizontal plokoeti N, the latter will intersect with the plane V along the line L-.v in, 1'1'pe1 |: axis of affinity.

 combining nyuskosti I and. the point - “a will be the be;;

line (I-1., gives the right of 1. affinity of 5. which is invariant for any pair of related points located in the planes I and 1.

To find the points 4-1 .4 ,,, related | Point L, on the plane / 7, you must first find the horizontal projection of the point / 1 on the n.os-bone Y; this projection will be the point ai. From this point it is necessary to draw a straight line P (FRG. 2), a parallel vertical. project 1; and the light beam on the plane V, until the intersection of the direction of affinity about the problem, passed through the point “a, the point of return will be the claim;) TOMKoii: APR distance a-a is equal to the unit) of the designed point, 4-plane V , i.e., the coordinate –U un FIG. 4, and the line P will be the horizontal-optical projection of the light beam.

In this way, if there is verti: Kaln tseroeki point and it is known that this point is removed from the front plane, the shadow of the point is constructed by elevating two lines.

The drawing device consists of a transparent, naimer, plexiglass, rectangular lining 1, in which a semi-round corner opening can be twisted around the sleeve 2 two rulers-3 and 4, having one longitudinal slit, going to the center of the sleeve. In the center of the sleeve left a small hole of conical shape, sufficient to put a point through it with a pencil. With the aid of the clamping screws, the rulers 3 and 4 are fastened in the required version.

According to the direction of the grooves 5, the pair; the large-sized flap 6 moves along, along which the carriage 7 with the pointer 6 is not movable.

When using the device, rulers 5 and 4 are set Parallel to the direction of the light beams P and FIG. 3, or one of the rulers is set parallel to the vertical projection of the beam of Pa and the other parallel to the direction of affinity 5 in FIG. 4. When

pivotal ones. 3 p 4 set. 1n in the novsnia, shown on phi1. 3, they can be used for conducting parallel directions to these.

If the center of the scale bar 6 is not centered, slide the carriage 7 down and the distance of the project to remove the point from the facade; move the scale bar to the intersection of the pointer 8 with the slot of the ruler 4, then you can move the device so that the intersection of the scale line with the slot of the ruler 3 stops on the horizontal projection, and (G) of the projected t ().

Then central. hole: sleeve 2 will indicate the desired shadow point on the front plane.

If the swivel rulers 3 and 4 are installed in the position shown in FIG. 4, shadowing is performed, the wire through the vertical projection of the point of the line, using the line 4, before intersecting with the line through the point of removal, using the ruler 3.

The device, moving along the crossbar, can be used, for example, to draw a large number of parallel lines in axocolital and affine projections, as well as during shading.

Subject invention

Drawing device for building shadows on the architectural projects on the principle of affinity, popped as a plate with a linear scale and a protractor, so that the plate is equipped with two rulers installed in the center of the protractor on a common axis slit and moving in parallellic grooves of the plate with a ruler, laying on itself a slider with a pointer.

FIG. one

7

l

..13 4: -J- h X X R Hch I

-. Xx

H% -5

FIG. 2

.J

FIG. 3

FIG. four

x-a