SU880303A1 - "estonia" air-blast distributor for fluent materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for spreading bulk materials, such as mineral fertilizers.

Known are pneumatic dropping bodies, including a sealed fertilizer hopper with a conveyor located in its lower part, a fan with an air duct, dividers and a spray device, placed behind the hopper along the ^10th direction of movement, while the fertilizer is discharged from the conveyor into the air duct behind the hopper immediately before spray gun

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and inefficient loosening of bulk materials before sieving.

Closest to the proposed one is a pneumatic apparatus, including a hopper with a conveyor located in its lower part, a cultivator installed in front of the hopper at the place of fertilizer exit from the conveyor, a fan with an air duct and an atomizer in the form of a slotted bell with vertical f2j plates installed inside it.

The disadvantage of this device is the ineffective tedding of the spreading material, as well as the lack of uniformity and sieving width of bulk material.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the width and uniformity of the spreading of bulk materials.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the sprayer is mounted pivotally with a possibility of rotation at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the sprayer plates are curved in the plane of the socket along the radius from its axis and fixed pivotally with the possibility of rotation and fixation, and the ripper is made in the form of a drive shaft with pivotally fixed hammers .

The possibility of changing the sprayer tilt angle and changing the position of gels / gels depending on the granulation (type) of the fertilizer, combined with the achievement of a homogeneous finely dispersed structure and a significant particle velocity of the spread fertilizers, commensurate with the fast air flow in the air duct of the accelerator, provides a significantly larger the width and uniformity of their scattering.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed 10 pneumatic apparatus; in FIG. 2, section A-D in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - ripper, end view; in FIG. 4 is a view B in FIG. 3 (side view); in FIG. 5 - spray, top view. fifteen

The pneumatic apparatus has a hopper 1 with a built-in arch 2. At the bottom of the hopper 1 there is a conveyor 3, the working branch of which moves to the front wall of the hopper 1. At the place where there are ₂₀ fresh materials from the conveyor 3, a cultivator 4 is installed in front of the hopper 1. In front of the hopper 1 a fan 5 is also installed, which is connected by an air-booster 6 to a spray 7.

The spray 7 (Fig. 5) is made in the form of a slotted socket and is mounted pivotally with the possibility of rotation at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the dividers 8 are made in the form of vertical plates, curved along the radius from the axis of the socket and installed inside it so that they form channels moreover, the dividers are pivotally mounted with the possibility of rotation and fixation in the optimal position.

Ripper. 4 is made in the form of a drive shaft 9, on which hammers 10 are pivotally fixed, which deviate when the shaft rotates under the action of centrifugal forces.

Arch 2 is designed to protect the conveyor 3 from overload under the weight of the fertilizer. Code 2 is welded to the hopper using a series of jumpers in such a way that a gap is formed between the wall of the hopper and the edge of the code around its perimeter.

The whole device is mounted on running wheels and transported by a tractor, the conveyor and cultivator are driven from the drive wheel of the device, the fan drive is from a tractor-tractor.

Pneumatic apparatus operates as follows.

Bulk material, such as fertilizer, from the hopper 1 is crumbled along the arch 2 to the conveyor 3, which feeds it to the cultivator 4, hammers Yu break lumps. Under the influence of its own weight, a homogeneous mass of fertilizer enters the beginning of the duct-accelerator 6. The air flow generated by the fan 5, entering the duct-accelerator, picks up fertilizer particles and transports them to the atomizer 7, while increasing the speed of the particles. In the atomizer 7, the flow is distributed along the radius channels formed by the dividers 8, and the air flow with the fertilizer particles deviates to the sides at an optimal angle to the horizontal.

The use of the proposed pneumatic apparatus allows for more uniform sieving of bulk materials, such as fertilizers, over a considerable width.

Claims (2)

(54) PNEUMATIC DEVICE FOR BEING SEVA BULBS The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to devices for spreading bulk materials, such as mineral fertilizers. Pneumatic scattering PIs are known, including: a pressurized bunker dp of fertilizer with a conveyor in the lower part of it, a fan with an air duct, dividers and a spraying device placed behind the bunker 4 in the direction of travel, while converting fertilizer from the conveyor to the duct takes place bunker directly in front of the sprayer 1}. A disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and the inefficient loosening of bulk materials before sieving. Closest to the present invention is a pneumatic device, which includes a bunker with a conveyor placed in its lower part, a ripper installed in front of the bunker at the gathering place of fertilizers from the conveyor, a fan with an air duct and a spray nozzle in the form of a shawl socket installed inside; him vertical plates. The disadvantage of this device is the inefficient tedding of the scattered material, as well as the lack of uniformity and width of the bulk material sieving. The purpose of the invention is to increase the width and uniformity of scattering loose materials. This goal is achieved by the fact that the dispenser is pivotally mounted with the possibility of turning at an angle to; horizontal plane, and the sprayer plates are bent in the plane of the socket radially from its axis and fixed shariirno with the possibility of rotation and fixing, and the ripper is made in the form of a drive shaft with hinged hammers. The possibility of changing the angle of inclination of the sprayer and changing the position of the dividers depending on the granulation (such as fertilizer combined with achieving a uniform fine structure and significant particle velocity of the spread fertilizers, commensurate with the air flow rate in the accelerator duct, provides a significantly greater width and uniformity their times of throwing o In Fig. 1 shows the proposed pneumatic apparatus; in Fig. 2 section A-D in Fig. 1; in Fig. 3 - a ripper, end view; in Fig. 4 - view B in Fig. 3 ( in and 5) - sprayer, top view. The pneumatic device has a bunker 1 with built-in vault 2. At the bottom of the bunker 1 there is a conveyor 3, the working branch of which moves to the front wall of the bunker 1. In place of bulk materials coming off the conveyor 3 A ripper 4 is installed in front of the bunker 1. A valve 5, which is connected to the air inlet of the booster unit 6, is also installed in the bunker 1 and the sprayer 7. The atomizer 7 (FIG. 5) made in the form of a slotted socket and installed hinged with the possibility of rotation at an angle to the horizontal plane, and dividers 8 are made in the form of vertical plates bent radially from the axis of the socket and installed inside it so that they form channels, and dividers fixed pivotally with the possibility of rotation and fixation in the optimal position,. The ripper .4 is made in the form of a drive shaft 9, on which hammers 10 are pivotally mounted, which deviate as the shaft rotates under the action of anti-crushing forces. The arch 2 is intended to protect the conveyor 3 from overload under the weight of the fertilizer. Code 2 is welded to the bunker with a series of bridges in such a way that a slot gap is formed between the wall of the bunker and the edge of the code along its perimeter. The entire device is mounted on the drive wheels and transported by a tack. When the conveyor water and the ripper are made from the drive wheel of the device, the fan is driven from the tractor and the pneumatic device operates. Bulk material, such as fertilizer, is poured from the hopper 1 through the roof 2 onto the conveyor 3, which feeds it into the cultivator 4, hammers 10 break up lumps. Under the action of its own weight, a homogeneous mass of fertilizer enters the beginning of the accelerator duct 6. The air flow generated by the fan 5 enters the accelerator duct, picks up the fertilizer particles and transports them to the sprayer 7, increasing the speed of the particles. In the sprayer 7, the flow is distributed along the radius channels formed by the dividers 8, and the air flow with the fertilizer particles to the sides is diverted at an optimum angle to the horizon. The use of the proposed pneumatic apparatus permits a more uniform sieving of bulk materials, such as fertilizer, to a considerable width. 1. Pneumatic apparatus for planting materials, a bunker with a conveyor in its lower part, a ripper installed in front of the bunker in place of bulk materials coming off the conveyor, a fan with an air duct and a dispenser in the form of a slit bell with installed upper flaps, characterized in that, in order to increase the width and uniformity of scattering, the dispenser is pivotally mounted for rotation at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the plates are chickpeas in the plane, the socket along the radius from its axis and fixed hingedly with the possibility of rotation and fixation. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ripper is made in the form of a drive shaft with hammers hinged. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 382375, cl. A 01 C 15/00, 1971. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 282788, cl. A 01 C 15 / O4, 1969 (prototype). ti. h WCP