SU874897A1

SU874897A1 - Scraper bucket

Info

Publication number: SU874897A1
Application number: SU802885642A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Александрович Нилов; Виктор Александрович Борисенков
Original assignee: Воронежский инженерно-строительный институт
Priority date: 1980-02-20
Filing date: 1980-02-20
Publication date: 1981-10-23

Description

Изобретение относится к землеройно-транспортным машинам.The invention relates to earth moving vehicles.

Известен ковш скрепера, содержащий боковые и выдвижную заднюю стенки, днище с неподвижными центральными и выдвижными боковыми ножами [1].Known scraper bucket containing side and extendable rear walls, a bottom with fixed central and extendable side knives [1].

. Наиболее близким техническим решением . к предлагаемому является ковш скрепера, включающий боковые и выдвижную заднюю стенки, переднюю заслонку и днище с неподвижными боковыми ножами и подвижным средним ножом [2J.. The closest technical solution. the proposed is a scraper bucket, including side and extendable rear walls, a front damper and a bottom with fixed side knives and a movable middle knife [2J.

Однако для указанных конструкций характерно то, что элементы привода рычагов, соединенных со средним ножом, связаны с передней заслонкой, перемещение которой приводит к повороту ножа, что вызывает неизбежные потери грунта из ковша ' при 1$ управлении подвижным средним ножом. Кроме того, известные конструкции имеют сравнительно большое число шарнирных соединений, увеличивающих трудоемкость технического обслуживания скрепера. · <However, it is characteristic of these designs that the drive elements of the levers connected to the middle knife are connected to the front damper, the movement of which leads to the rotation of the knife, which causes unavoidable soil loss from the bucket at $ 1 control of the movable middle knife. In addition, the known designs have a relatively large number of articulated joints, increasing the complexity of maintenance of the scraper. <

Цель изобретения — упрощение конст- ²⁰рукции ковша скрепера.The purpose of the invention - simplification konst- ²⁰ ruktsii scraper bucket.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что рычаги подпружинены относительно боковых стенок, а.привод поворота рычагов выполнен в виде шарнирно соединенных с ними продольных тяг, которые посредством направляющих элементов связаны с боковыми стенками и имеют закрепленные на свободных концах пальцевые упоры, при этом шарнирные отверстия соединения рычагов с тягами выполнены в виде продольных пазов, а задняя стенка имеет толкатели, закрепленные с возможностью взаимодействия с пальцевыми упорами тяг.This goal is achieved in that the levers are spring-loaded relative to the side walls, and the drive for turning the levers is made in the form of longitudinal rods pivotally connected to them, which are connected to the side walls by means of guide elements and have finger stops fixed to the free ends, while the hinge holes of the levers with rods made in the form of longitudinal grooves, and the rear wall has pushers fixed with the possibility of interaction with the finger stops of the rods.

При этом толкатели выполнены V-образными.In this case, the pushers are made V-shaped.

На фиг. 1 показан ковш, общий вид; на фиг. 2 — сечение А—А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 — ковш при работе полной шириной; на фиг. 4 — вид Б на фиг. 2.In FIG. 1 shows a bucket, general view; in FIG. 2 - section A — A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - bucket when working full width; in FIG. 4 is a view B in FIG. 2.

Шарнирные валы 1 опираются на проуши-: ны косынок 2 неподвижных боковых ножей 3 ц жестко соединены с подвижным средним ножом 4 и рычагами 5 на боковых стенках 6 ковша. Рычаги 5 с помощью возвратных пружин 7 и проушин 8 соединены с боковой стенкой 6 ковша. Пальцы 9 проходят через продольные пазы 10 в рычагах 5 и шарнирно соединяют их с тягами II, которые установлены в направляющих элемен тах 12. Тяги 1 I заканчиваются пальцевыми упорами 13, которые взаимодействуют с толкателями 14, установленными на задней стенке 15 ковша.The articulated shafts 1 are supported by eyes: the kerchief 2 fixed side knives 3 C are rigidly connected to the movable middle knife 4 and levers 5 on the side walls 6 of the bucket. The levers 5 with the help of return springs 7 and eyes 8 are connected to the side wall 6 of the bucket. The fingers 9 pass through the longitudinal grooves 10 in the levers 5 and pivotally connect them to the rods II, which are installed in the guide elements 12. The rods 1 I end with finger stops 13, which interact with the pushers 14 mounted on the rear wall 15 of the bucket.

В передней части ковша имеется передняя заслонкц 16. 5In front of the bucket there is a front flap 16. 5

Устройство работает следующим образом. После разгрузки ковша сначала закрывают переднюю заслонку 16 (фиг. 3), а затем перемещают заднюю стенку 15 из положения N (фиг. 3) в положение С (фиг. 1) в котором задняя стенка 15 останавливает- ¹⁰ся, поскольку толкатели 14 (через тяги II, пальцевые упоры 13, рычаги 5, валы I и подвижный средний нож 4) не могут открыть переднюю заслонку 16. В этом положении С задняя стенка 15 не доходит на 5—8 см 15 до своего крайнего заднего положения (фиг. 1).The device operates as follows. After unloading, the bucket is closed, first the front flap 16 (FIG. 3) and then the rear wall 15 is moved from position N (Fig. 3) to position C (Fig. 1) in which the rear wall 15 ostanavlivaet- ¹⁰ Xia as pushers 14 ( through the rods II, the finger stops 13, the levers 5, the shafts I and the movable middle knife 4) cannot open the front shutter 16. In this position C, the rear wall 15 does not reach 5-8 cm 15 to its extreme rear position (Fig. 1 )

Для копания полной шириной ковша переднюю заслонку 16 открывают (положение Е (фиг. 3). При этом подвижный сред- ²⁰ний нож 4 удерживается возвратными пружинами 7 и усилием копания в плоскости неподвижных боковых ножей 3.To dig the full width of the bucket, the front flap 16 is opened (position E (Fig. 3). In this case, the movable middle ²⁰ knife 4 is held by return springs 7 and the digging force in the plane of the fixed side knives 3.

В момент перехода на уменьшенную ширину резания заднюю стенку 15 перемещают 25 из положения С в крайнее заднее положение (фиг. 1). При этом с помощью толкателя 14, пальцевых упоров 13, тяг II, рычагов 5 и валов 1 подвижный средний нож 4 исключается из процесса резания. Наличие возвратных пружин 7 и пазов 10 в 30 соединении рычагов 5 с тягами 11 обеспечивает подвижному среднему ножу 4 «плавающее» положение для копирования рельефа местности и сведения до минимума потерь грунта.At the time of transition to a reduced cutting width, the rear wall 15 is moved 25 from position C to the extreme rear position (Fig. 1). In this case, using the pusher 14, the finger stops 13, rods II, levers 5 and shafts 1, the movable middle knife 4 is excluded from the cutting process. The presence of return springs 7 and grooves 10 in the 30 connection of levers 5 with rods 11 provides the movable middle knife 4 with a “floating” position for copying the terrain and minimizing soil loss.

После наполнения и выглубления ковша переднюю заслонку 16 закрывают обычным образом (положение В (фиг. 1). С целью сохранения планировочных качеств ковша при его разгрузке необходимо одновременно с открытием передней заслонки 16 пере местить заднюю стенку в положение С (фиг: I), что даст возможность возвратным пружинам 7 и массе грунта над подвижным средним ножом 4 вернуть его в плоскость неподвижных боковых ножей 3. После прохождения задней стенкой 15 положения С (фиг. I) контакт ее толкателей 14 с пальцевыми упорами 13 тяг 11 прекращается, дальнейшая разгрузка осуществляется обычным образом. Для повышения надежности контакта толкателей 14 с пальцевыми упорами 13 толкатели выполнены V-образной формы.After filling and deepening the bucket, the front flap 16 is closed in the usual way (position B (Fig. 1). In order to maintain the planning qualities of the bucket when unloading it, it is necessary to move the back wall to position C at the same time as the front flap 16 is opened (Fig: I), which will enable return springs 7 and the mass of soil above the movable middle knife 4 to return it to the plane of the stationary side knives 3. After passing the rear wall 15 of position C (Fig. I), the contact of its pushers 14 with the finger stops 13 of the rods 11 is terminated, further Unloading is carried out in the usual way.To increase the reliability of the contact of the pushers 14 with the finger stops 13, the pushers are made in a V-shape.

Claims

(54) SCOVER BUCKET The invention relates to earth-moving machines. A scraper bucket is known, containing side and retractable rear walls, a bottom with fixed central and retractable side knives 1. The closest technical solution to the present invention is a scraper bucket, including side and retractable rear walls, a front flap and a bottom with fixed side knives and a movable middle knife 2J. However, for these structures, it is characteristic that the drive elements of the levers connected to the middle knife are connected to the front flap, the movement of which causes the knife to rotate, which causes inevitable loss of soil from the bucket when controlling the movable middle knife. In addition, known constructions have a relatively large number of hinged joints, which increase the complexity of maintenance of the scraper. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the construction of the scraper bucket. This goal is achieved by the fact that the levers are spring-loaded relative to the side walls, and the drive for turning the levers is made in the form of longitudinal ribs hinged to them, which, by means of guide elements, are connected to the side walls and have finger stops attached to the free ends. The hinge holes of the arms connecting with tgami are made in the form of longitudinal grooves, and the back wall has pushers fixed with the possibility of interaction with finger stops, t. In this case, the pushers are made V-shaped. FIG. 1 shows a bucket, a general view; in fig. 2 is a sectional view in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - bucket at full width; in fig. 4 is a view B in FIG. 2. The hinge shafts 1 rest on the tongs 2 of the fixed side knives 3 and are rigidly connected to the movable middle knife 4 and the levers 5 on the side arms of the 6 bucket. The levers 5 by means of return springs 7 and lugs 8 are connected to the side wall 6 of the bucket. The fingers 9 pass through the longitudinal grooves 10 in the arms 5 and pivotally connect them to the arms II, which are mounted in guide members Tax 12. The legs 1 I end with finger stops 13, which interact with the pushers 14 mounted on the rear wall 15 bucket., In the front of the bucket there is a front flap 16. The device operates as follows. After unloading the bucket, the front flap 16 (Fig. 3) is first closed, and then the back wall 15 is mixed from position N (Fig. 3) to position C (Fig. 1) in which the back wall 15 stops as the pushers 14 (through And, the finger stops 13, the levers 5, the shafts I and the movable middle knife 4) cannot open the front flap 16. In this position C, the back wall 15 does not reach 5--8 cm to its extreme rear position (Fig. 1). For digging a full Izhrino bucket, the front flap 16 is opened (position E (Fig. 3). At the same time, the moving blade 4 is held by return springs 7 and by digging force in the plane of the fixed side knives 3. At the time of the transition to a reduced cutting width, the back wall 15 is mixed from position C to the rearmost position (Fig. I). At the same time, using the pusher 14, finger stops 13, tonnes II, levers 5 and shafts I, the movable middle knife 4 is excluded from the cutting process. The return springs 7 and the slots 10 in the joint levers 5 with t gami and both bakes the movable middle blade 4 "floating position to copy the terrain and minimize ground losses. After filling and digging the bucket, the front flap 16 is closed in the usual way (position B (Fig. 1). To preserve the grading qualities of the bucket when unloading it is necessary at the same time with the opening of the front flap 16, move the back wall to position C (fig; I), which will allow the return springs 7 and the ground mass above the moving middle knife 4 to return it to the plane of the fixed 1x knives 3. After passing through the back wall 15 of position C (FIG. I) the contact of its pushers 14 with the finger stops of 13 tons of IJ is stopped, further unloading is carried out in the usual way. To increase the reliability of the contact of the pushers 14 with the finger stops 13, the pushers are made V-shaped. Claim 1. Scraper bucket, including side and retractable rear walls, front flap and bottom with fixed side bridges and movable middle knife, which is rigidly connected with drive levers, characterized in that, in order to simplify its design, the levers are spring-loaded relative to the side walls, and the rotational drive of the levers is made in the form of longitudinal ribs pivotally connected to them, which by means of guide elements are connected to the side walls and have ribs fixed at the free ends fenders, the articulated joints of the arms connecting with the rods are made in the form of longitudinal grooves, and the back wall has pushers fixed with possibility / opportunity of interaction with the finger lugs of tons, 2. The bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the pushers are made V-shaped. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 484287, cl. E 02 F 3/64, 1973.

2. USSR author's certificate in application number 2717459, cl. E 02 F 3/64, 1978 (prototype).