SU874586A1 - Travelling gantry crane - Google Patents

Description

(54) GANTRY CRANE

I

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hoisting and transport machinery, in particular to gantry cranes.

1 The closest to the invention according to its technical nature is a gantry crane containing a superstructure, one of the uprights of which is mounted on a chassis trolley rotatable relative to a vertical axis, and another on a support beam supported by chassis sprockets mounted on vertical axes interconnected by means of a chain. The wheels of the undercarriage are made controlled in the horizontal plane - by the carriages installed in the support beam, by means of the steering mechanism, and by the carriage connected to the support with a handle, which can also be used to move the crane 1;

A disadvantage of the known crane is the impossibility of adjusting the track gauge and size of the crane along the width. In addition, the coupling of the axles of the undercarriage mounted in the support beam by means of transmission chains with intersecting branches provides only two positions of the wheels of the undercarriage where the crane can move - the plane of rotation of the wheels is parallel to the plane of the portal for it is perpendicular. In all other positions of the plane of rotation of the wheels are angled to each other and the movement of the crane is impossible (the crane is braked). Thus, the design of the control system for the wheels of the undercarriage installed in the support beam allows the forward movement of the crane only in

to the plane of the portal or perpendicular to it, which limits the maneuverability of the crane in cramped conditions.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the crane maneuverability by adjusting the width of the gauge and the size of the crane along the width and

15 the same ensuring compactness in the off position to save production space.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the support beam is made turning relative to the rack and equipped with a mechanism

 relative to the latter, and the support resting on the support beam is equipped with a block of stars with chains connecting

them with asterisks of the vertical axes of the traveling carriages parallel branches.

In addition, the block of stars can be installed on the column with the possibility of rotation and is equipped with a mechanism for its fixation relative to the latter.

The sprockets can be mounted on the vertical axes of the undercarriage with the possibility of rotation and equipped with mechanisms for their fixation relative to the axes.

.In FIG. 1 shows a gantry crane, general view; in fig. 2 - support beam and rack, longitudinal section; in fig. 3 is a section .A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. 2 (chain drive connecting the vertical axes of the undercarriage to the stand); in fig. 5-10 are versions of the arrangements for supporting and running parts of the crane, the plan view in FIG. 11-14 are consecutive positions of the support and chassis parts when the crane is brought to the non-operating position.

A gantry crane consists of a span I with a lifting body 2 (manual hoist, a polyspast with a hook holder, a grab, etc.). The span is supported by vertical pillars 3 and 4, which can be either solid or telescopic. The rack 3 is mounted on the undercarriage 5 with wheels, the rack 4 on the support beam 6 mounted on the undercarriage 7 and 8, Trunnion 9 (Fig. 2), rigidly mounted in the rack 4, mounted in the support beam on axial and radial bearings. Using the clamping mechanism Yu (Fig. 3) operated by handle II, the support beam 6 can be fixed relative to the trunnion 9 and, consequently, the pillar 4. The trunnion 9 is rotatably mounted with a block of 12 sprockets, which interacts with the clutch mechanism 13, for example, a multi-plate friction clutch operated by a handle 14. The undercarriages 7 and 8 have vertical axes 15 and 16 mounted on axial and radial bearings in the beam 6. On axles 15 and 16, sprockets 17 and 18 can be rotated, interacting with mechanisms 19 and 20 sc Attachments controlled by handles 21 and 22. Sprockets 17 and 18 are connected to the corresponding rims of block 12 by means of chains 23 and 24 with parallel elements. The number of teeth of sprockets 17 and 18 and the crowns of the block 12 are equal to each other. On axles 15 and 16, the steering wheels 25 and 26 are rigidly fixed to control the trolleys 7 and 8. For counting the angles of rotation of the beam 6 and the trolleys 7 and 8, there are limbs 27-29, and with axes 15 and 16 and stand 4 arrows 30-32 are associated. Wheels of working trolleys .7 and 8., are equipped with individual brakes 33 and 34.

The carriage 5 also has a vertical axis, which is rotatable relative to the post 3, and can be fixed relative to the latter by means of a clamping mechanism with a handle 35, similar to the clamping mechanism of the support beam. To control the trolley 5 on

It has a folding handle 36 (the non-working position of the handle in Fig. I is shown by the dotted line). The rotation angles of the trolley 5 relative to the rack 3 are calculated using the dial 37 and the arrow 38 associated with the trolley 5. The wheels of the undercarriage 5 are also equipped with an individual brake 39. On the racks 3 and 4 are installed the pulling devices 40 and 41, for example swivel brackets with chains mi and carbines designed to mount the crane and a fixed support (the wall of the column) when stored in its inactive position.

Such a design of the axle and running gears of the crane, as well as their control system, allows the crane to be adapted to the specific conditions of its operation, in particular for driving and lifting operations in narrow passages, overhanging obstacles and over trenches, for turning over a small area for progressive

movement at any angle to the plane of the portal, for storage in a non-working position, etc.

in the initial position of the crane, the support beam 6 (Fig. 5) is located perpendicular to the plane of the portal, and the plane of the rotating running wheels of the carriages 7 and 8 are parallel to it. Beam 6 (Fig. 2) is fixed with respect to rack 4, a block of 12 stars is relative to pin 9, and stars 17 and 18 are fixed to axes 15 and 16. Arrows 30-32 are set to zero dividing limbs 27-

29. The arrow 38 (Fig. 1). Is also mounted on the zero division of the limbus 37, which corresponds to the parallelism of the planes of rotation of the wheels of the undercarriage 5 of the plane of the portal. With this position of these elements

crane its movement occurs as in the famous gantry crane.

If it is necessary to move or work in a narrow passage (the width of the passage is smaller than the crane dimension in the initial position), the reversal of the support beam 6 is mastered.

Claims (3)

relative to the rack 4 for the required amount (Fig. 6). To do this, use the handle 11 to release the support beam 6 and turn the handwheel 25 or 26 to the desired angle. Due to the fact that the vertical axes of the undercarriage 7 and 8 are associated with stable chain drives with parallel branches and with the same number of sprocket teeth, turning the handwheel 25 or 26 causes the support beam to turn to the same angle in the opposite direction, i.e. the rotation of the support beam and the vertical axes of the undercarriage carriages 7 and 8 are blocked. In this case, the planes of rotation of their wheels remain parallel to their initial position (in this case, the plane of the portal), regardless of the angle of rotation of the handwheel. Pohu reversal of the support beam b P1e is produced by its fixation relative to the rack 4 with the help of the handle 11. The turn of the support beam b relative to the rack 4 can be performed in another way. Unbeam the beam and brake the wheels of the undercarriage 7 and 8, turn the portal relative to the axis of rotation of the support beam, as shown in FIG. 12, followed by fixing the beam relative to the rack. The maximum allowable pivot angle of the support beam and, therefore, the minimum gauge width and the crane width in the working position are determined for safety reasons based on the stability criterion of the crane. In cases where the described blocking of the rotation of the support beam 6 and the vertical axes 15 and 16 of the traveling carts 7 and 8 (Fig. 2) is not required, the crane maneuverability can be significantly increased by free rotation of the sprocket 12 relative to the trunnion 9, which is by turning off the clutch mechanism 13 by means of the handle 14. In this case, due to the connection by means of a chain drive with parallel branches and a gear ratio of 1: 1, the vertical axes of the traveling carriages 7 and 8 can be rotated using respectively Thorvald 25 and 26 at any angle to the plane of the portal, ie. e. all the wheels of the crane are controlled emy. mi in the horizontal plane. The engagement of the clutch mechanism 13 locks the carriages 7 and 8 in the reached angular position. The possibility of independent pair control of carriages 7 and 8 facilitates the turning of the crane on a small area and ensures its forward movement at any angle to the plane nopTa ia (Fig. 7), including perpendicular to it (Fig. 8). In the latter case, movement and lifting work on protruding obstacles and trenches is provided. The use of an independent pair control of the undercarriage 7 and 8 in combination with the turn of the support beam 6 provides a large number of arrangements of the crane support and undercarriage, which are expedient under certain specific conditions. FIG. Figure 9 shows the layout for translational motion at an arbitrary angle to the plane of the portal and with a minimum clearance in width. The presence of the limbs allows the trolleys 5, 7, and 8 to be deployed and the support pad b at precisely the specified angles, which shortens the changeover time and facilitates crane maneuvering. Turning off the mechanisms 19 and 20 of the clutch (Fig. 2) provides independent control of each of the undercarriage 7 and 8, which can be used, for example, to fix the crane in a predetermined position by turning the wheels of these trucks at an angle to each other. The possibility of turning the support beam relative to the stand, up to the alignment of the beam with the plane of the gantry, ensures the transformation of the crane in the non-working position into a flat bicycle-type design. This ensures the compactness of the crane in its inoperative position and saves the production area during storage. The easiest and safest approach of the crane to the non-operating position is through the use of blocking the rotation of the support beam and the vertical axes of the undercarriage connected to it. The procedure for bringing the crane to a non-operating position. The crane moves the beam forward to the fixed support of Estena, the column), in which it will be stored (Fig. 11). After braking the wheels of the undercarriage 7 and 8 and unlocking the support beam b, the portal is rotated, as indicated in FIG. 12. After combining the plane of the portal with the support beam (Fig. 13) of the travel trolley 5, it is turned in such a way that the planes of the wheels of its wheels are parallel to the plane of the portal. This position of the wheels of the trolleys 5, 7 and 8 prevents the possibility of the spontaneous departure of the crane from the support perpendicular to the plane of the portal. After that, the trolley 5 and the support beam 6 are fixed relative to the respective posts. If necessary, the valve in this position can be moved in the plane of the portal. To ensure the safe storage of the crane using the pulling devices 40 and 41 (Fig. I) is attached to the support. Thus, the invention provides an increase in crane maneuverability in operation and its compactness in the inoperative position, which in turn provides savings in production space. The proposed gantry crane can most effectively be used for carrying out lifting and transport work in the absence of stationary lifting mechanisms or in inaccessible places of buildings and structures, in cramped or in field conditions, and also in explosive rooms. Claim 1. Gantry crane containing a superstructure, one of the uprights of which is mounted on a chassis trolley rotatable relative to the vertical axis, and another on a support beam supported by chassis trolleys, on the vertical axes of which sprockets are mounted, interconnected by means of a chain, characterized in that, in order to increase its maneuverability and ensure compactness in the inoperative position, the support beam is pivoted relative to the stand and provided with a mechanism for its fixation relative to the latter, and the stand resting on the support beam is provided with a block of asterisks with chains connecting them with asterisks of the vertical axes of parallel branches. 2. A crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the sprocket unit is rotatably mounted on the stand and provided with a mechanism for its fixation relative to the latter. 3. A crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the sprockets are mounted on the vertical axes of the undercarriage with the possibility of rotation and are equipped with mechanisms for their fixation relative to the axes. Sources of information taken into account in the examination To the Patent of the USSR No. 241329, cl. 66 C 5/06, 1966 (prototype). FIG. 2 Fig: 6-6 F (/2.4 "five  five FIG. 6 FIG. eight Phys.d //////// ///////// // jf /// 25 25 I eight Fig 10 YX Y / UX / XX / Uy / x / xX /// x //// X //// x ////// // X / X /// x /// L sh-1g X / X //////// x /// - //// // X // y fig / 5 Fi &. /four