SU874204A1 - Vortex dust trap - Google Patents

Description

(54) VORTEX DUST COLLECTOR

I

The invention relates to the purification of gases from the dust of various materials and can be used for the dry cleaning of process gases of various industries, including chemical ones.

Known vortex dust collectors operating on the principle of dry gas cleaning in opposite swirling streams and containing a cylindrical body, an inlet with a swirl and a fairing at the end and an overflow hole and a device for swirling the flow of dust-trap after the obtrusion with an external secondary gas of the trap gas. Such dust collectors operate with a counter-flow of secondary dusty trap gas 1.

However, efficient collection of dust from vapor – gas media in these dust catchers is achieved for fine particles less than 3–5 µm in size due to the high velocity of the gas trap in the nozzles (from 80 to 200 m / s), a flow rate 2-3 times higher than the original dusty gas, and a temperature not lower than the vapor condensation temperature. All this leads to high energy consumption for dust cleaning and increasing the size of devices.

A vortex dust collector is also known, which is devoid of these drawbacks and operates according to the scheme of dividing the total dust flow into two streams — the primary dust flow and the secondary dust dust trap gas flow.

 The known vortex dust collector comprises a cylindrical body, an inlet with a bypass hole, a swirler and a fairing and a discharge pipe connecting the bypass port of the IQ nozzle with a device for swirling the secondary gas-trap 2.

As a device for swirling the secondary trap gas, nozzle systems with a common cylindrical manifold 1 or multi-blade 15 per nozzle 2 are usually used.

A disadvantage of the known vortex dust collectors, working according to the dust gas separation scheme, is frequent clogging of the device for feeding and spinning of the dusty secondary gas - catch 20 liters and, as a result, a sharp drop in the efficiency of dust collection and a decrease in the overall service life of the apparatus.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust cleaning and the resource of continuous operation of the apparatus.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the swirl dust collector containing a cylindrical body, an inlet with a bypass hole, a swirl and a fairing, and a discharge pipe connecting the inlet to the device for twisting the secondary gas-catcher tangentially connected to the exhaust pipe of the toroidal collector supply of secondary dust gas trap having inclined nozzles and devices for their cleaning which can be made with the possibility of reciprocating on driving stock with pneumatic cylinders.

FIG. 1 shows a vortex dust collector, general view; in fig. 2 - toroidal collector, section; in fig. 3 - a device for cleaning nozzles from dust.

The dust collector (Fig. 1) consists of a cylindrical body 1, an inlet nozzle 2 with an overflow hole 3, a pipeline 4 of waste gas, a dust bunker 5, a swirler b for preliminary twisting of the primary dusty gas flow, a fairing 7, a toroidal collector 8 with nozzles 9 to create a swirling gas-trap stream, a nozzle regeneration assembly 10, a supply pipe 11 connected to a branch pipe 12 and an inlet nozzle 2. Inlet | tubes 2. is equipped with a device 13 for adjusting the ratio of primary and secondary gas flow rates.

Dust collector works as follows.

Dust-gas vapor mixture from the supply pipe 11 enters the inlet pipe 2 and the exhaust pipe 12.

The primary dusty gas stream is twisted with a blade swirl 6 and pushed aside from the wall of the body 1 by the fairing 7, while maintaining rotational motion. The vortex of the dusty gas flow near the walls of the housing 1 rises, while the dust particles under the action of centrifugal forces move to its peripheral part.

The secondary dusty gas trap through the bypass pipe 12 enters the toroidal collector 8 tangentially (Fig. 2), from where it enters the upper part of the body H through the nozzles 9. The nozzles 9 are located tangentially to the generator of the body 1 and at an angle of 30-40 ° to axis.

The formed vortex of the gas-trap twists the vortex flow of the primary gas to be purified in the same direction as the swirler b, but directed towards it. As a result of the interaction of two vortex flows, the dust particles move in the direction of the axial component of the trap gas, i.e., into the bunker 5. The secondary trap gas and the primary gas to be cleaned leave the device through the pipeline4. Exhaust gas from the hopper 5 through the opening 14 enters the inlet 2 for further purification.

During operation of the device, the nozzles 9 are periodically cleaned of dust using the nozzle 10 cleaning device. The nozzle cleaning devices (Fig. 3) are made in the form of push-rods 15 with pneumatic cylinders 16 that can be reciprocated.

The device 13 is made in the form of a flap, pinch or venturi nozzle of the desired diameter.

The proposed vortex dust collector with equal dimensions and modes of operation with known devices for cleaning gas from dust has the following advantages:

1. Provides higher dust collection efficiency (naz-5 / about);

2. The toroidal shape of the collector and the tangential supply of dusty trap gas to it at a speed of at least 30 m / s exclude the accumulation of dust in its internal cavity, which ensures a continuous supply of gas to the nozzles;

3. The presence of devices for cleaning the nozzles allows cleaning the nozzles from dust during operation of the apparatus.

Claims (2)

1.Vortex dust collector comprising a cylindrical body, an inlet with a bypass hole, a swirler and a fairing, and a discharge pipe connecting the bypass of the inlet pipe with a device for swirling the secondary gas stream of the trap, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the dusting system and resource continuous operation, the device for twisting the secondary gas-trap stream is made in the form of a toroidal collector tangentially connected to the discharge pipe with inclined nozzles, equipped with devices for their cleaning. 2. A dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the devices for cleaning the nozzles are made in the form of reciprocating movement of rods with pneumatic cylinders installed. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 519209, cl. B 01 D 45/12, 1969. 2. The patent of Poland № 67428, cl. 24 a 6/01, 1973. Figg eight