SU870970A1 - Visual colorimeter - Google Patents

Description

(54) VISUAL COLORIMETER

one

The invention relates to the field of colorimetry and can be used to measure the color coordinates of monochromatic radiation, the color addition functions.

A visual colorimeter with basic spectral colors is known, which includes three light sources, three dual monochromators mounted as a Stiles threefold structure, a fl J. beam mixing and observation system. A dual monochromator mounted on the middle axis separates the monochromatic flux under investigation, which is sent to the beam convergence and observation system and fills half of the field of view. In the upper and lower Rus spectral mask, three slits are selected, which distinguish three spectral intervals Ala, used as primary colors. A continuous change in the intensity of each base color is achieved by placing

into the spectral mask of the absorbing wedge.

The disadvantages of this colorimeter are the complexity and bulkiness of the three-level system, inconvenience in operation.

When working with the device of this design, a very strict fixation of the pupil's position of the observer is required, for which it is necessary for each observer individually to make a special snack made of fast-hardening dental plastic that is held by the teeth and fixes the position of the observer's head, however, the movements of the eye block itself remain, resulting in a violation of equality and additional measurement error.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a visual colorimeter containing two symmetrically located identical optical channels, each of which is a BKnTOMaet sequentially arranged light source, a capacitor, an entrance slit, two collimators, two dispersing systems, between which a spectral mask is installed, a mixing and observing system a beam consisting of a mirror modulator, a binocular microscope, or a photometer 2.

The studied spectral interval is distinguished by a spectral slit moving along the direction of dispersion, which is installed in the lower part of the mask. In the upper part of the mask, three slits with variable opening are selected, which distinguish three spectral intervals used as primary colors. A continuous change in the intensity of each color is achieved by movable shutters mounted on the slits. The entrance slit is equipped with an opaque jumper dividing it into two parts, optically conjugated with parts of the spectral mask, and at a part of the entrance slit, optically conjugated with the moving slit of the spectral mask, is installed vertically alternating with a curtain. The upper and lower parts of the spectral mask are equipped with independent movable flaps.

The disadvantages of the wear colorimeter are lack of reliability and ease of use. Optical systems used in conventional colorimeters that form images will cause vignetting when the pupil is displaced, as a result of a change in display brightness.

The aim of the invention is to increase reliability and ease of operation.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed visual colorimeter contains two symmetrically identical optical channels, each of which includes successively located light sources, a condenser, an entrance slit, two collimators, two dispersing systems, which have a spectral mask installed, a convergence system and observations of the beams, consisting of a mirror modulator, a binocular microscope, or a photometer, are inserted into each optical channel an integrating sphere located between the second ispergiruyuschey system and the mixing and observation beams.

and a field mask placed behind the outlet of the integrating sphere.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a visual colorimeter.

The visual colorimeter consists of two symmetrically located identical optical channels, each of which includes a light source 1, a condenser 2, an entrance slit 3, polarizing elements 4, covering the corresponding parts of the entrance slit, the first collimator 5, the dispersing system 6, the first intermediate collimator 7 and the spectral mask 8. Reflecting mirror 9 is designed to rotate light beams to the second intermediate collimator 10 and further to the second dispersing system 11, the collimator 12, the integrating sphere 13 and the floor mask-hand 14 mounted behind the exit port of the integrating sphere.

The beam information and observation system consists of a mirror modulator 16 and a binocular microscope 17 or photometer 18.

Visual colorimeter works as follows.

The light source I through the condenser 2 illuminates the entrance slit 3. The light coming out of the lens of the first collimator 5, parallel to the beam falls on the dispersing system 6. The first intermediate collimator 7 forms the spectrum in the plane in which the spectral mask 8 is located. along the direction of dispersion by a slit installed at the bottom of the spectral mask 8. This slit moves along guides associated with the colorimeter wavelength mechanism and can vary in width. The upper slits of the spectral mask 8 extract the main radiation from the spectrum, for example, red K with a wavelength of X 600 nm, green 3 with X 50 Nm, blue C with 460 nm. The spectral width is determined by the opening of the corresponding slits. The light fluxes are smoothly adjusted to obtain a visual equality of the fields of view. When opening the slots to the observer, it is not necessary to know the position of the corresponding controls of the shutters. Dispersing systems 6 and 17 in combination with collimators 5, 6, 10 and 12 in each optical canape of the colorimeter work on the principle of subtracting dispersions. The dispersing system 11, in reference with the collimator 12, eliminates the influence of scattered light. The light fluxes, passed through the collimator 12, fall into the integrating sphere 13. Behind the output window of the sphere 13, a field mask 14 is installed, which is a frame with different aperture shapes. The mirror modulator 16 converges the optical axes of the left and right optical channels of the colorimeter into one. Using a binocular microscopic 17, in the plane of the objects of which field masks 14 are mounted, consider the corresponding field of view. A binocular microscope 17 has a rather large aperture. The luminous flux of the investigated wavelength, cut out by the movable slit of the lower part of the mask 8, for example, fills the integrating sphere 13 in the left channel of the colorimeter. Then the radiation of this wavelength is mixed with One or in some cases with the two primary colors of radiation spectral mask 8 from the spectrum of the left optical channel. The other integrating sphere 13 is filled with the light fluxes of the primary colors of the radiation, which are cut out by the adjustable slits of the upper part of the spectral mask 8 from the spectrum of the right optical channel. In order to obtain visual equality of the fields of view, it is necessary to choose the intensity of the main radiations K-, C, correspondingly in the right optical channel. To do this, move the movable shutters mounted on the adjustable peaks of the spectral mask 8. After achieving visual equality of the fields of view, the light fluxes of the photometer 18 are measured by alternately overlapping the movable and adjustable slits of the spectral mask 8. To compare the readings of the light fluxes, additional photodetectors can be used, installed on integrating spheres 13.

The radiation under study has a uniform distribution of luminance л of any observation angle of the indicated hole. The location of the integrating spheres between the second dispersing system and the beam convergence and observation system results in optical separation between the dispersion system aperture and the convergence and observation system, which makes it possible to apply high-quality dispersion systems with good beam attenuation and at the same time to use very wide-angle observation systems that Known devices cannot be matched due to differences in apertures. This makes it possible to use wide-angle binocular observation systems having an exit pupil significantly larger than the size of the pupil of the observer, and thus insensitive to the corresponding displacements.

The use of the invention allows the observer to position the pupil of the eye in any position within a hemisphere around a small hole in the photometric ball. At the same time, the brightness of the hole remains strictly constant, which allows for significant displacement of the pupil of the eye within the exit pupil of the system without any change in the brightness ratio. Binocular observation, without any fixation of the eye, extends the functionality of a visual colorimeter, for example, allows for a study of binocular thresholds and to assess the color differences in such industries,

as a polygraph, textiles, paintwork, paper, photo-cinema, color television.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 40 A visual colorimeter containing two symmetrically located identical optical channels, each of which includes successive light sources, a condenser, an entrance slit, two collimators, two dispersions, and systems between which a spectral mask is installed. beams, consisting of a mirror modulator, binocular microscope or photometer, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of measurements and convenience in operation, an integrating sphere was inserted into each optical channel, located between the second dispersing system and the convergence and observation system of the beams, and the field mask. , located behind the outlet of the integrating sphere. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 8709708 1, Jodd D. Vishetsky. Color in science and technology. M., Mir, 1978, pp. 266-228, 2.Authorial Union; Soviet USSR on application 2606480 / 18-25, 5 cl. G 01 J 3/46, 25.04,79 (prototype).