SU867693A1

SU867693A1 - Parabolograph

Info

Publication number: SU867693A1
Application number: SU802880057A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Алексей Степанович Вернидуб
Original assignee: Кременчугский Филиал Харьковского Ордена Ленина Политехнического Института Им. В.И.Ленина
Priority date: 1980-02-06
Filing date: 1980-02-06
Publication date: 1981-09-30

Description

Изобретение относится к средствам оргтехники, в частности к приборам для вычерчивания парабол р различными параметрами и может быть использовано в проектных и конструкторских организациях при разработке чертежей параболических зеркал, линз и мощных прожекторов, а .также в учебных целях в высших и средних учебных заведениях. Известен параболограф, содержащий основание, прямолинейную направляющую, две кулисы, связанные между собой крестообразным ползуном, траверсу, один конец которой подвижно' связан с прямолинейной направляющей, 15 И ползун с пишущим элементом [1].The invention relates to office equipment, in particular to devices for tracing parabolas with various parameters and can be used in design and engineering organizations to develop drawings of parabolic mirrors, lenses and powerful searchlights, as well as for educational purposes in higher and secondary educational institutions. Known parabolograph containing a base, a straight guide, two wings, interconnected by a cross-shaped slider, a traverse, one end of which is movably connected with a straight guide, 15 And a slider with a writing element [1].

Недостатком известного параболографа является сложность настройки для воспроизведения второй ветви параболы, так как для этого требует- 20 ся полная его разборка, й невозможность воспроизведения парабол О различными параметрами, а также не** . симметричных относительно оси. .A disadvantage of the known parabolograph is the difficulty of adjusting to reproduce the second branch of the parabola, since this requires its complete disassembly, and the impossibility of reproducing parabolas about various parameters, as well as not **. symmetric about the axis. .

Цель изобретения - упрощение настройки и расширение эксплуатационных возможностей параболографа.The purpose of the invention is to simplify the configuration and expand the operational capabilities of the parabolograph.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что параболограф, содержащий основание, прямолинейную направляющую, 30 две кулисы, связанные между собой крестообразным ползуном, траверсу, один конец которой подвижно связан с прямолинейной направляющей, и полэун с пишущим элементом, имеет установленные на одном из концов каждой кулисы переставные пальцы, соединенные с основанием, и переставной ползун, связанный со свободным концом одной иэ кулис и со свободным концом траверсы, а ползун с пишущим элементом шарнирно' связан со свобод- > ным концом второй кулисы и установлен на траверсе между направляющей и переставным ползуном.This goal is achieved by the fact that a parabolograph containing a base, a straight guide, 30 two wings, interconnected by a cross-shaped slider, a traverse, one end of which is movably connected with a straight guide, and a half-moon with a writing element has interchangeable mounted on one end of each wings fingers connected to the base and a movable slider connected to the free end of one drawstring and to the free end of the yoke, and the slider with the writing element is hingedly connected to the free-> free end of the second sy and is set to traverse between the guide and slide resettable.

Кроме того, параболограф может иметь закрепленную на основании планку со сквозной продольной прорезью для установки пальцев кулик, а направляющая выполнена в виде линейки, закрепленной на основании посредством струбцин.In addition, the parabolograph can have a strap fixed to the base with a through longitudinal slot for installing sandpiper fingers, and the guide is made in the form of a ruler fixed to the base with clamps.

Параболограф может также иметь установленный на направляющей дополнительный ползун с центрирующим штифтом и фиксирующим элементом, а траверса в этом варианте имеет дуговую сквозную прорезь для размещения фиксирующего элемента и отверстие для штифта, при этом геометрический центр дуговой прорези совмещен с центром штифта.The parabolograph may also have an additional slider mounted on the guide with a centering pin and a fixing element, and the traverse in this embodiment has an arc through slot for accommodating the fixing element and a hole for the pin, while the geometric center of the arc slot is aligned with the center of the pin.

На фиг. 1 изображен параболограф, вид сверху; на фиг. 2 - параболограф, вид спереди; на фиг. 3 - разрез А-АIn FIG. 1 shows a parabolograph, a top view; in FIG. 2 - parabolograph, front view; in FIG. 3 - section aa

на on the фиг. 2; FIG. 2; на on the фиг. 4 FIG. 4 - - разрез incision Б-Б Bb на on the фиг. 2; FIG. 2; на on the фиг. 5 FIG. 5 - - разрез incision В-В Bb на on the фиг. 2; FIG. 2; на on the фиг. 6 FIG. 6 - - разрез incision Г-Г Gg на on the фиг. 2; FIG. 2; на on the фиг. 7 FIG. 7 - - разрез incision д-д dd на on the фиг. 2;' FIG. 2; ' на on the фиг. 8 FIG. 8 разрез incision Е-Е HER на on the фиг.’ 2; Fig. ’2; на on the фиг. 9 FIG. 9 - - разрез incision Ж-Ж MF на on the фиг. 2; FIG. 2; на on the фиг.10 figure 10 - - разрез incision и-и and на on the фиг. 2; FIG. 2; на on the фиг.11 11 вид сверху на top view on

фиг. 10; на фиг. 12 - построение параболы.FIG. 10; in FIG. 12 - construction of a parabola.

Параболограф содержит прямолинейную направляющую 1, выполненную в виде линейки прямоугольного сечения планку 2 со сквозной продольной прорезью, кулисы 3 и 4 коробчатого сечения, траверсу 5, выполненную в виде линейки прямоугольного сечения. Кулисы 3 и 4 при помощи пустотелых пальцев 6 и 7 связаны с планкой 2. Эти пальцы имеют на одном из торцов круглые цилиндрические диски, вставленные в коробчатые направляющие кулис 3 и 4. Кроме того, кулисы подвижно связаны между собой крестообразным ползуном 8 со взаимно перпендикулярными направляющими. Кулиса 4 шарнирно связана с ползуном 9 траверсы 5, а кулиса 3 шарнирно связана при помощи переставного ползуна 10 с траверсой 5. Ползун 10 на траверсе 5 Фиксируется винтом 11. С целью предотвращения расширения сквозной продольной прорези в планке 2, последняя стягивается П-образной шайбой 12. Гайки 13 выполняют функцию крепежных деталей. Ползун 9 несет пишущее приспособление 14. Траверса 5 жестко соединена под углом при помощи винта 15 с ползуном 16. Ползун 16, скользящий по прямолинейной направляющей 1, снабжен штифтом 17. Траверса 5 имеет сквозной паз 18, выполненный в виде окружности с центром, совпадающим с осью штифта 17, которая пересекается с геометрической осью направляющей 1. Направляющая 1 и планка 2 укреплены на чертежной доске 19 при помощи струбцин 20.The parabolograph contains a rectilinear guide 1, made in the form of a ruler of rectangular cross-section, bar 2 with a through longitudinal slot, backstage 3 and 4 of box-shaped cross-section, traverse 5, made in the form of a ruler of rectangular cross-section. The wings 3 and 4 are connected using the hollow fingers 6 and 7 to the bar 2. These fingers have round cylindrical disks on one of the ends inserted into the box guides of the wings 3 and 4. In addition, the wings are movably connected to each other by a cross-shaped slider 8 with mutually perpendicular guides. The link 4 is pivotally connected to the slider 9 of the crossarm 5, and the link 3 is pivotally connected with the help of the sliding slider 10 to the crossarm 5. The slider 10 on the crossarm 5 is fixed with a screw 11. In order to prevent the expansion of the through longitudinal slot in the bar 2, the latter is pulled together by a U-shaped washer 12. Nuts 13 serve as fasteners. The slider 9 carries a writing device 14. The yoke 5 is rigidly connected at an angle with the screw 15 to the slider 16. The slider 16, sliding along a straight guide 1, is provided with a pin 17. The yoke 5 has a through groove 18 made in the form of a circle with a center coinciding with the axis of the pin 17, which intersects with the geometrical axis of the guide 1. The guide 1 and the bar 2 are mounted on the drawing board 19 with clamps 20.

Работает параболограф следующим образом.The parabolograph works as follows.

На доску 19 прикрепляют лист чертежной бумаги с заданными элементами геометрической части определителя параболы с параметром Р, например, изображенной на фиг. 11. Планку 2 с помощью струбцин 20 закрепляют так, чтобы геометрическая ось ее совпала с осью О ₃ параболы. Пустотелые пальцы 6 и 7 при помощи гаек 13 жестко Фиксируют в прорези планки 2 так, чтобы их оси совпали с точками и О^. Затем на цилиндрические диски этих пальцев одевают коробчатые кулисы 3 и 4. Направляющую 1 при помощи струбцин 20 закрепляют на чертежной доске в любом удобном месте параллельно оси преобразования q₄. Траверса 5 при помощи винта 15 устанавливается параллельно оси СЦХ, после чего ползун 10 с помощью винта 11 жестко фиксируется на траверсе 5 так, чтобы ось шарнира совпала с линией . Механизм готов к работе.A sheet of drawing paper with predetermined elements of the geometric part of the parabola determinant with parameter P, for example, shown in FIG. 11. The bar 2 with the help of clamps 20 is fixed so that its geometric axis coincides with the axis O _{3 of the} parabola. The hollow fingers 6 and 7 with the help of nuts 13 are rigidly fixed in the slot of the strap 2 so that their axes coincide with the points and O ^. Then box-shaped wings 3 and 4 are put on the cylindrical disks of these fingers. The guide 1, using clamps 20, is fixed on the drawing board in any convenient place parallel to the transformation axis q ₄ . The yoke 5 with the screw 15 is installed parallel to the axis of the SCL, after which the slider 10 is fixed with the screw 11 on the yoke 5 so that the hinge axis coincides with the line. The mechanism is ready to go.

При движении траверсы 5 перемещается кулиса 3, передвигая через ползун 8 кулису 4. при этом пишущее приспособление 14 опишет параболу.When the yoke 5 moves, the link 3 moves, moving the link 4 through the slider 8. At the same time, the writing device 14 will describe the parabola.

Для вычерчивания второй ветви параболы настройка параболографа очень простая. Достаточно ползун 9, несущий пишущее приспособление 14, соединить с противоположным концом кулисы 4, для чего последняя имеет соответствующее отверстие.To draw the second branch of the parabola, setting up the parabolograph is very simple. Enough slider 9, carrying a writing device 14, to connect with the opposite end of the wings 4, for which the latter has a corresponding hole.

Аналогично осуществляется настройка параболографа для воспроизведения парабол, несимметричных относительно оси.Similarly, you can configure the parabolograph to play parabolas that are asymmetric about the axis.

Применение предлагаемого параболографа позволяет облегчить труд чертежников и улучшить условия трудг^ повысить производительность труда на 8-10%, расширить круг решаемых задач.The use of the proposed parabograph makes it possible to facilitate the work of draftsmen and improve working conditions, increase labor productivity by 8-10%, and expand the range of tasks.

Claims

The invention relates to office equipment, in particular to devices for drawing parabolas with various parameters and can be used in design and engineering organizations in developing drawings of parabolic mirrors, lenses and high-power searchlights, as well as for educational purposes in higher and secondary educational institutions. A parabolagraph containing a base, a rectilinear guide, two wings, connected with a cruciform slider, a traverse, one end of which is movably connected to the rectilinear direction, and a crawler are known. Un with a writing element 1. A disadvantage of the well-known paragraph is the difficulty of adjustment for reproducing the second branch of the parabola, since it requires complete disassembly and cannot be. the ability to reproduce parabolas and various parameters, as well as asymmetrical about the axis. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the configuration and expand the operational capabilities of a parabolagraph. This goal is achieved by the fact that the parabolagraph, containing a base, is a linear, circumferential direction,. the two backstage interconnected by a cruciform slider, the traverse, one end of which is movably connected to the rectilinear guide, and the slider with the writing element, has adjustable fingers connected to the base at one end of each backstage and the adjustable slider The slide with the writing element is pivotally connected to the free end of the second link and is set on the traverse between the direction and the nejiecTaBHbtM slide. In addition, the parabolagraph may have a bar fixed on the base with a through longitudinal slot for mounting the finger-fingers, and the square is made in the form of a ruler fixed on the base by means of clamps. The parabolograph may also have an additional slide mounted on the guide with a centering pin and fixing element, and the crossbar in this embodiment has an arc through slot to accommodate the locking element and a hole for the pin, while the geometric center of the arc slot is aligned with the center of the pin. FIG. I shows a parabolagraph on top of a fork; in fig. 2 - front view parabologist; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 section BB 2; in fig. 5 in fig, section bb-2; in fig. 6 in FIG. G-2 cut; in fig. in fig. a section dd in fig. 2; in fig. Section EE in FIG. 2; in fig. 9 is a section in MF in FIG. 2; in FIG. 10, the section And-And in FIG. 2; FIG. 11 is a top view of FIG. ten; in fig. 12 - construction of a parabola. The parabolograph contains a rectilinear guide 1, made in the form of a ruler of rectangular section bar 2 with a through longitudinal slit, backstage 3 and 4 of box section, traverse 5, made in the form of a ruler of rectangular section. The curtains 3 and 4 are connected with a bar 2 by hollow fingers 6 and 7. These fingers have round cylindrical disks inserted into one of the ends of the curved wings 3 and 4 on one of the ends. In addition, the curtains are movably interconnected by a cross-shaped slide 8 with mutually perpendicular guides of the curtain 4 is pivotally connected with the slider 9 traverse 5 and the link 3 is pivotally connected with the adjustable slide 10 with the traverse 5. The slider 1 at the traverse 5 is fixed with a screw 1 in order to prevent expansion, through a through slit in plank 2, last The unit is tightened with the Ambient Washer 12. The nuts 13 serve as fasteners. The slider 9 carries a writing device 14. Traverse 5 is rigidly connected at an angle with a screw 15 with a slider 16. Slider 16, which slides along a rectilinear guide 1, is equipped with a pin 17. Traverse 5 has a through groove 18, made in the form of a circle The center coincides with the axis of the pin 17, which intersects with the geometric axis of the guide 1. The guide 1 and the bar 2 are fixed on the drawing board 19 with the help of clamps 20. The parabolagraph works as follows. A sheet of drawing paper is attached to the board 19 with predetermined elements of the geometric part of the parabola determinant with the parameter P, for example, shown in FIG. 11. The lath 2 is fastened with the help of clamps 20 so that its geometrical axis coincides with the axis O.O. of the parabola. When using the nuts 13, the hollow fingers 6 and 7 are rigidly fixed in the slot of the strip 2 so that their axes coincide with points O and O. Then box-shaped wings 3 and 4 are attached to the cylindrical disks of these fingers. The guide 1 is fixed with clamps 20 on the drawing board in any convenient place parallel to the q-axis of the transform. Traverse 5 is screwed parallel to axis QjX with the help of screw 15, after which slider 10 is fixed firmly on traverse 5 with screw 11 so that the axis of the hinge coincides with line q. The mechanism is ready to go. When the traverse 5 moves, the link 3 moves, and the slide 4 moves through the slider 8 at the same time. At the same time, the writing device 14 will describe a parabola. To draw the second branch of a parabola, setting up a parabolagraph is very simple. It is sufficient to slide the slider 9, carrying the writing device 14, to the opposite end of the slide 4, for which the latter has a corresponding opening. Similarly, the parabolagraph is adjusted to reproduce parabolas that are asymmetric with respect to the axis. The use of the proposed parabolagraph makes it possible to ease the work of draftsmen and improve working conditions to increase labor productivity by 8–10% and expand the range of tasks. Claim 1. A parabolograph containing a base, a rectilinear guide, two backstage interconnected by a cruciform slider, a traverse, one end of which is movably connected to the rectilinear guide, and a slider with a writing element, characterized in that In order to simplify tuning and expanding operational capabilities, it has adjustable fingers attached to the base and a adjustable slide connected to the free end of one of the wings and to the free end of the grass at one end of each link. rsy, a slider with a stylus pivotally coupled to the free end and second wings mounted on the plate between the guide and the slider resettable.

2. Parabolograph according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a bar fixed on the base with a through longitudinal slot for mounting the fingers of the curtain, and the guide is made in the form of a ruler fixed on the base of clamps.

3. Parabolograph according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an additional slide mounted on the guide with a centering pin and a locking element, and the traverse has an arc through slot to accommodate the fixing

element and hole “n ip-ift, while the geometric center of the arc slot is aligned with the center of the pin.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 682395, cl. In 43L 11/02, 1979.

: JL