SU865177A1 - Pneumatic mineral fertilizer distributor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely, machines for applying fertilizer to the soil.

Known pneumatic spreaders of mineral fertilizers, including a frame, a hopper, a fan, a central air duct, dispensers, manifolds with nozzles and rods placed in them, fixedly mounted on the spreader frame, on which the metering nozzles £ 1] are placed.

The disadvantage of these spreaders is that to increase the working width, the length of the sowing nozzles and, accordingly, the length of the rods are increased, which, when the spreader moves, oscillate in the transverse plane. This leads to a significant decrease in the uniformity of the distribution of fertilizers along the edges of the sieving strip, increases the metal consumption of the rods due to the need to increase their strength reliability under dynamic loads arising in the process of oscillations.

Also known pneumatic fertilizer spreaders, which comprises a frame, tank, fan, central air duct, pre- congestion, with collectors placed _{on the} inside of these nozzles, hoses, with those located on Piëch sowing pipes and rods wheels odormyae £ 2].

The disadvantage of these spreaders is that when moving across the field, the support wheels copy the topography of the field, act on the rods, rotate them around the horizontal axis in the place of their articulation to the frame and bend the sowing nozzles in this place. In places of bends, the fertilizer sowing particles are inhibited (especially when the direction of their movement changes from horizontal to vertical), which leads to the deposition of fertilizers in the sowing tubes. This is iO

IS

865177 requires the use in such spreaders of high-pressure air-blower.

• ventilation fans, which leads to increased energy consumption when sowing fertilizers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of sowing and reduce energy consumption.

The object is achieved in that the rods are rigidly connected to the collectors, and ^- last pivotally secured to the frame, and a nozzle connected to a central duct flexible Pipelines * waters, with dispensers and reservoirs are interconnected by a hollow elastic connecting elements.

The drawing shows a front view of a pneumatic spreader ^ vertical section.

The spreader contains a hopper 1. An inclined surface 2 is placed in the middle part of the spreader, and blade batchers 3 are installed along the sides along the length. Dispensers with hollow elastic connecting elements 4 are connected to the collectors 5. Inside the collectors are nozzles 6 connected by flexible pipelines 7 to the central air duct 8 to which the fan is connected ($ not shown in the drawing). The collectors are mounted on the spreader frame using hinges 9 made in the form of a horizontal axis with bearings. The sowing nozzles 10 are connected to the collectors, on the second Yarits of which there are reflecting plates 11 or other spray nozzles. The sowing nozzles are located on the rods 12, which are rigidly connected to the collectors, which have support wheels 13.

'' The spreader operates as follows.

From the hopper 1, the dispensers 3 feed fertilizers through hollow elastic connecting elements 4 to the collectors 5. To the same from the fan through the central air duct 8 and flexible pipelines 7 through the nozzle 6 'air flow is supplied, which transports the fertilizer through the sowing nozzles 10 and then using a reflector 4 plate 11 distributes them on the surface of the field.

Since the rods 12 carrying the sowing nozzles 10 are rigidly connected to the collectors 5, and the collectors are fixed to the spreader frame by hinges 9, during the operation of the spreader, when copying the support wheels 13 of the field surface, the sowing nozzles 10 do not bend. This maintains a rectilinear movement along the nozzles current flowing out of the nozzle, bursting tubes. In flexible pipelines 7 bending when copying the surface, the pressure loss of moving clean air is much less than the losses that occur during the movement of fertilizer air in the case of bending of the seed tubes 10. In this way, energy costs for pneumatic application of mineral air are reduced, eliminating pressure loss caused by the braking of airborne particles fertilizers in the bends of fertilizers.

Claims (2)

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery and, more specifically, to machines for fertilizing the soil. Pneumatic fertilizer spreaders of mineral fertilizers are known, including a frame, a bunker, a fan, a central air duct, metering units, collectors with nozzles placed in them, and rods fixedly mounted on the frame of the spreader, on which the sowing spouts J are located. The disadvantage of these spreaders is that in order to increase the width of the grip, they increase the length of the sowing nozzles and, accordingly, the length of the rods, which, when the spreader moves, perform an oscillatory movement in the transverse plane. This leads to a significant decrease in the uniformity of distribution of fertilizers along the edges of the sowing line, increases the metal intensity of the rods due to the need to increase their Strength Reliability under dynamic load conditions arising during the oscillation process. Pneumatic fertilizer spreaders are also known, which contain a frame, a hopper, a fan, a central air duct, do-. jams, collectors with nozzles placed inside them, hoses, with sowing pipes located on the ground and onopiftie of the wheels of the rods 2. J. The disadvantage of these spreaders is that when moving across the field, the support wheels copy the relief of the floor, act on the rods, turn them around horizontal axis in the place of their hinged connection to the frame and bend in this place the sowing pipes. In places of bends, the sowing particles of fertilizers are braked (especially when their direction of movement changes from horizontal to vertical), which leads to sedimentation of fertilizers in the sowing tubes. This 3 requires the use of high-pressure air intake fans in such scattering of bodies, which leads to a high energy consumption during the seeding of fertilizers. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of seeding and reduce energy intensity. The goal is achieved by the fact that the rods are rigidly connected to the collectors, the latter being hinged on the frame, and the nozzles are connected to the central air duct by flexible pipes, while the metering units and collectors are connected to each other through hollow elastic connecting elements. The drawing shows a front view of a pneumatic spreader , vertical incision. The spreader contains a hopper 1. In the lower part of it, in the middle, there is an inclined surface 2, and lobe dispensers 3 are installed along the sides. The dispensers with hollow elastic connecting elements 4 communicate with collectors 5. Inside the collectors there are nozzles 6 connected by flexible pipes 7 to the central air duct 8, to which a fan is connected (fa drawing not shown). The collectors are mounted on the spreader frame with the help of hinges 9 made in the form of a horizontal axis with bearings. Sowing pipes 10 are connected to the collectors, on the second 1 of which there are reflection plates 11 or other spray nozzles. Sowing pipes are located on the rods 12 rigidly connected to the collectors and which have support wheels 13. The spreader works as follows. From the bunker, the metering units 3 are fed, fertilizers through hollow elastic connecting elements 4 to collectors 5. Here, from the fan 5, through the central air line 8 and flexible pipes 7, through the nozzles 6, an air flow is supplied, which transports the fertilizer through the sowing pipes 10 and further using reflector plates 11, it distributes them over the floor surface. Since the rods 12, carrying the sowing nozzles 10 are rigidly connected to the collectors 5, and the collectors are fixed on the frame of the spreaders through the hinges 9, the spreader does not bend the sowing spacing 10 when copying the floor wheels by the floor surface 13. There is a straight movement along the nozzles of the air leaving the nozzles 6, eliminating the occurrence of a loss of airflow pressure caused by the deceleration of the moving particles of fertilizers in the bends of the sowing tubes. In bending when copying the surface of flexible pipes 7, the pressure loss of moving clean air is much less than the losses that occur during air movement with fertilizers in case of bends of the sowing nozzles 10. In this way, energy consumption for pneumatic application of mineral fertilizers is reduced. Formula of the Invention A pneumatic fertilizer spreader containing a frame, a bunker, a fan, a central air duct, metering devices, collectors with nozzles placed inside them, a trouser with sowing nozzles located on them, and support wheels yttang, which is different in that and reduce energy consumption, the rods are rigidly connected to the collectors, the latter being hinged on the frame, and the nozzles are connected to the central air duct by the flexible pipes, with metering devices and collectors ry interconnected by a hollow elastic connecting elements. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. German patent N 2455573, cl. A 01 C 15/04, 1978. 2. The patent of Germany No. 2616112, cl. A 01 C 15/04, 1978 (prototype).