SU862947A1 - Cart for disabled - Google Patents

Description

(54) WHOLESALE-FOR DISABLED

The invention relates to medical equipment, in particular to vehicles for the rehabilitation of ingigs. A well-known wheelchair for disabled people, which includes a frame in the form of a rigid frame, a stationary or replaceable chair with a seat and back, front driving wheels with telescopic axles, driven wheels And However, the design of this wheel does not allow to change the width of the track and the size of the wheelchair base of disabled people during the movement process, which makes it difficult to operate the vehicle. The aim of the invention is to provide a change in the gauge and the size of the wheel base by the disabled person in the process of driving. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the hub of the drive wheel a friction disk is installed in series with a screw-nut transfer and a pusher with a spring, a rusk with a gear profile that interacts with the hub-toothed profile and a telescopic axis, at the other end of which the nut is fixed, the driven wheels are mounted on an equal shoulder arm with bracket and nut. Permanently installed on the frame are the ints, such that the nuts of the axles and the arm of the beam interact with the screws. FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a wheelchair for disabled persons, side view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1 in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4, node I in FIG. 3 (on an enlarged scale, in Fig. 5 - section B-B in Fig. 2, Fig. 6 - section G-D in Fig. 4; in Fig. 7 - node II in Fig. 5 (on an enlarged scale); in Fig. 8 - node III in Fig. 5 (on an enlarged scale)) in Fig. 9 - section DDD nafig. 4 of FIG. 10 is a section E-E of FIG. four; in fig. 11 is a section of the LF in FIG. 6, in FIG. 12 - section 3-3 in Fig. 8. The cola contains a frame in the form of 1, which by means of a pair of bushes 2 installed in it (Fig. 2) and composite telescopic axes 3 carries a pair of front wheels 4 with a manual drive 5 (Fig. 1) and a hub 6. By means of a bush 7 installed horizontally in the longitudinal symmetry plane of the kolki, the frame 1 carries a pair of rear swiveling driven wheels 8 with brackets 9 attached to the equal arm of the elbow 10 of FIG. 2) by means of vertical bushings 11 (FIG. 1) and with OPPORTUNITY

rotation on a horizontal non-circular, e.g. rectangular section, axis 12 in sleeve 7.

Inside frame 1, screws 13 and 14 (Fig. 2) are freely mounted in axles x 3 and 12, the running nuts 15 and 16 of which are fixedly mounted on the free ends of the axles 3 of the driving wheels 4 and on the free ends of the axis 12 of the rocker arm 10, respectively. Moreover, the screws 13 are fixed in the frame 1, and the screw 14 is installed with free rotation in the bearing housing 17 installed in the frame 1 and is locked against longitudinal displacement, for example, two spring washers 18, (Fig. 2 and 6). The screw 14 is provided with a roller 19 installed in the front part of the frame and with which the extension of the axis 12 (Fig. 2 and 6) from the concentric sleeve, of the two parts 20 and 21 inside the sleeve (Fig. B and 8), can be adjusted. Parts 20 and 21 of this sleeve have shoulders 22 and are fixed from self-unscrewing by the non-circular axis 12 of the rocker arm 10. Between the concentric sleeve 7 and the sleeve consisting of parts 20 and 21, is laid, (for example, a nylon under-insert insert 23. Composite axes 3 (Fig. 2 ) are screwed inside the hubs of the wheels 4 from two hollow parts 24 and 25 (Fig. 3) and fixed, for example with a pin 26, and shoulders 27 (Fig 4) limit the hub 6 from longitudinal displacement. By :: tyk between the screwed parts 24 1 25 composite axis 3 is laid during installation of the annular gap compensator 28 (Fig. 3 and 4) of prugogo oil resistant material 6 hubs during use count ski. 25 Parts of a component screwed on the axis 3 in the end portion 24 are several diametral slots 29 (FIG. 3) for the permutation of the pin 26.

The hubs 6 of the telescopic axes are provided with a toothed profile made in the form of a crown 30 of a triangular pickup / glint (Fig. 4 and 11), and a pair of crackers 31 (Fig. 4 and 11) with a gear profile, made in in the form of sector 32 at the ends facing the rims of the 30 hubs 6. The holes for the crackers are made with the intersection of the bottom of the 1 socket bored in the axis part 25 from the outer free ends, where screw 33 is mounted with a cap-pushing nut (Fig. 3-5). The screw 33 is mounted in another hollow screw 35 and is fixed by it with the possibility of rotation by a friction disk 36 (Fig. 4 and 5), and against displacement the screw 33 is fixed by its shoulder and compensator sleeve 37, mounted between the screw 35 and the disk 36, the Disk 36 is installed on the to (5 slot square part)

screw 33 and secured, for example, by a spring washer. 38, Kolpachkova nut-pusher 34 (FIG. 4) is fixed against rotation with its projections in the slots of sleeve 39 installed in the socket (FIGS. 5 and 9), and sleeve 39 is pressed with the hollow screw 35 to the bottom of this slot and other grooves fixed for crackers 31 against twisting. A sleeve 29, for example, using rivets 40 (FIG. 5), is fitted with a plastic strong spring 41, which with its parallel legs in the grooves of crackers 31 constantly tends to press the crackers 31 with symmetrical bevels to the wedge-shaped part of the nut-cap nut nut valve 34 (FIG. 4),

In the spring 41 there is a hole for the passage of the wedge-shaped part of the nut-shutter 34. The disks 36 have an annular bore and surround the free ends of the hubs 6 (Fig. 4) formed in this way by the annular walls and are at the same time protective caps preventing axes from contamination. On the side of the frame 1, the hub 6 is closed from contamination by a sleeve 42 mounted on the parts 24 of the composite axis with the sleeve 2, in the latter, for example, a sealing ring 43 is installed. To protect the screws 13 and 14 from clogging the cover 44 is installed in the frame 1 3), made of sheet material.

The hubs 6 of the telescopic axles are equipped with rolling bearings 45, and the nut 15 can be equipped with a gear ring coupled to a long gear wheel 46 for transmitting the rotation to the screw 14 through a pair of conical wheels 47. In addition, the wheel is equipped with a seat and backrest.

The device works as follows.

Claims (1)

The change in the wheel track of the 4 wheels is made as follows. The friction disk 36 (Fig. 1) is rotated counterclockwise with the right-hand thread on the screws 33. At the same time, the screw 33 rotates and the pushrod 34 moves to the right (Fig. 3-5) and with its wedge-shaped part, it presses on the bevels of the crackers 31. The crackers 31 move up to the stop into the teeth and the crown 30 of the hub 6 of the wheels 4. The composite axle 3 engages with the wheel hub 6. Similarly, another axis 3 is hinged with its hub 6. Next, if the screw 13 is on the left (Fig. 2), performed with the right thread, and the right on the right is on the left, then to increase the track gauge (and overall width) t forward and to decrease backward. When moving kolki (backward or forward), the axle 3, nuts 15 and hub 6 rotate in the same direction, and the wheel 4. At the same time, screwing the nuts 15 on the screw 13 takes place during one revolution of the wheel 4 (FIG. 2 ), i.e. There is a change in the gauge gauge by the pitch of the screw pair. Since the change in the gauge occurs in motion when the wheels are wound and deformed on wheels 4 on the surface, for example, roads, the additional force for rolling the wheel, taking into account the friction of the wheels 4 and gceft 3 in the sleeves 2, is no more than 2 kgf (with a load on sku 100 kgf). Having set the desired wheel track 4, the discs 36 rotate in the opposite direction to the closure (in FIG. 1 to the right) as far as the stop of the pushrod nuts 34 into the shoulders on the screw 33 (FIGS. 4 and 5), while the rotation of the discs 36 is stalled. Under the action of the spring-loosened spring-loaded blades 41, the crackers 31 are displaced towards each other (Figs. 3 and 4). In the usual movement, the wheels of the hub 6 slide freely between the shoulders 27 (Fig. 4) and roll on the bearings 45. Since the rolling friction many times more slip friction in the thread of screw pairs and axles 3 in sleeves 2, then the axis 3 with the usual movement of the wheel stays stationary and their additional fixation is not required. The wheel of the drive wheels is set constant during the manufacture of the wheel, but not more than 500 mm in overall width. This will provide the opportunity to travel through narrow doors (500 mm) in the bathrooms. apartments, and with the greatest (780 mm) expansion of the gauge of the drive wheels ensured good stability on a rough road. If wheels without turntables, such as car wheels, are installed on the loose ends of the rocker arm, and the wheel rail and wheel hubs are equipped with similar mechanisms as in the drive wheels, we obtain a chassis with a variable width and base size and independent suspension of the wheels. This chassis can be equipped with a steering device, mechanized drive and clutch hubs, for example, with an electromagnetic drive. For the latter, it suffices to make the screws of the drives with axial holes and make the suspension of the energy source to the couplings in the hubs through these channels. It is not possible to carry out rotary caster wheels with a change in track width, since turning of the wheels by 360 ° around the vertical axis is necessary for turning the wheel at a place. The change in the base (length) of the wheel is made by rotating the roller 19 with the screw 14 (Fig. 2 and 6). In this case, the nut 16 with the axis 12 of the yoke 10 moves in the composite bushing with parts 20 and 21 backward or forward and carries the entire suspension with the wheels 8. When the rotation of the screw 14 stops due to friction in the screw pair screw 14 - the nut 16 is self-locking base changes. When moving a collar on a rough road, due to the rotation of the rocker arm 10 with the axle 12 and the composite bush with parts 20 and 21 in the bush 7, and the nuts 16 on the screw 14, the wheels 8 touch all road irregularities regardless of the position of the frame 1, tilt to the right or to the left of the vertical. This ensures that the drive wheels 4 are touched and the right and left wheels are equally loaded on the road without slipping. This will improve the passability of the wheels on the road with any unevenness (as much as the stability of the wheels and the drive power of its movement will allow). If there is not enough space, for example, in an apartment, the change in the width of the gauge can be done by turning the wheel in place, while adjusting first the extension of one main axis 3, then the other. For visual control of the magnitude of the extension of the axes 3, annular risks can be made on the latter, for example by electric spark, at intervals of 1 cm. The base can be changed by the drive of the driving wheels of the wheel (in the specified chassis, this can be done directly from the drive, for example on movie 19). For this purpose, the nuts 15 (FIG. 2) must be provided with a gear teeth, coupled with a long gear 46 through a pair of bevel wheels 47. Screw 14 can be made movable to be able to turn off the drive. It is also possible to install a tapered differential with control directly from the two axles of the drive wheels, but the change in the wheels of such a drive on the screw 14 is impractical for the following reasons. The load on the hands of the disabled person would increase dramatically, since the transfer should be increased. The design and its weight would be complicated. Taking into account that in the apartment the stake will always be used with the shortest length, and the time for the largest change of the base is 1-2 minutes, then the best option for the stake is to consider changing the base manually. Axis 12 10 can also be made circular, since it perceives primarily vertical load, the exploitation period reaches 20 years, more, and the circular axis will be subjected to friction against the sleeve even when moving along the FLOOR (due to the oscillation of the beam), From the point of view of the strength and wear of the axle, it is advisable to carry out this unit, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 12. This will allow, if necessary, to change only the internal component with parts 20 and 21, but not axis 12 with a crust. The hub 6 locking mechanism with a composite axle 3 can be made differently, for example, using a known standard latch with a pull handle that can be installed radially and externally on the hub 6 by making a hole in the shaft against the latch. But this option is unacceptable for the following reasons. Such a fixer would not be able to control people with disabilities with no movement in the fingers. The locking device is installed in an inconvenient place, between the spokes of wheel 4, and to access it, you need to turn the wheel 4. The locking device very rarely can immediately get into the hole in the axle and therefore you need to rotate the wheel again so that the spring-loaded lock catches the hole in the axle. Screw mechanisms for changing the gauge can be performed differently. For example, the sliding part 24, the composite axis 3 and the sleeve 2 can be threaded. Then, when the wheel 4 is rotated with the composite axis 3 closed with the hub b, part 24 of the axis will move on the thread in hub 2 and change the wheel track width 4. So the option is unacceptable because the screw would have to make a larger section for normal operation with the nut. sleeve 2, because the screw at work would perceive a bending moment, and other deformations are not acceptable. It would be necessary to protect the screw from contamination, for example with a corrugated tube, and this would reduce the gauge width adjustment range by half. The sectors 32 of the crackers 31 and the rims of the 30s of the hubs 6 can be made differently engaged, for example, involute, but only triangular engagement provides a greater likelihood that when the hubs are fixed to the axle with a fixed wheel, the teeth of the crackers will not fall on the tops of the teeths of the hubs. With triangular engagement, the pointed tips of the teeth simply slip off one another. Thus, the design of the wheel makes it possible to change the track width to 300 mm and the base to 400 mm to the disabled, which facilitates its operation under the conditions of residential premises and ensures stability on a rough road. Functionally, together with the base change mechanism, a more reliable independent suspension of the driven wheels improves the driving ability of the wheel on a rough road and makes it easier to move as a result of redistribution (load when the base changes from the rear wheels to the leading front wheels. Formula for disabled wheelchair, frame, seat , back, drive wheels with drive and telescopic axles, driven wheels, characterized in that, in order to change the width of the track and the size of the wheel base by the disabled person in the process of movement, in the hub driving wheels are installed in series with a friction disk with a screw - nut and pushers with a spring, a cracker with a gear profile interacting with a gear profile, a hub and a telescopic axis, at the other end of which a nut is fixed, the driven wheels are mounted on an equal shoulder arm with a bracket and a nut. The frame has fixed screws, and the nuts of the axles and the rocker arm Kroniltein interact with the screws.Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. US Patent No. 3802524, cl. 180-6.5, 1974. 37 N / / "g / 17 SP