SU861942A1 - Magnetic compass - Google Patents

Description

(54) MAGNETIC COMPASS

L

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation and can be used in magnetic compasses.

A magnetic compass with protection devices for shock overloads of the magnetic sensitive element support (MCE) is known, with the MCE in a housing with a liquid: installed on an axis that is located between the paired elastic diaphragms, the axis and the supporting element of the MCE are spring-loaded (11

The disadvantage of this compass is their low reliability when operating in conditions of efficient overloads.

In addition, a compass is known that contains a (fpus (pot), filled with a grist, in an MCE on the (torus of a pot. The window is made in the form of a watering pin, which is located in the alphabet (2.

The disadvantage is the comfort of the compass Kikas viscous {greediness, due to the fusaJjOfo protection of the support of the MCE against wear during impact.

Uvelshevve support contribution at yfyfpaaf. explains sledukitsy | fvchyuy. The Udtshx support and MCE is constant. This is the basis. The impact force is sensed by the spring, which is compressed by the moving upon impact of the MCE. As a result, the contact load on the stud increases by an amount determined by the product of the MPE displacement and the spring stiffness. In the case of repeated shocks occurring in conventional operation, the pin due to increased stresses is more intensively worn out than in static. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the compass by increasing its shock resistance.

To achieve this goal, a threshold device for emergency overloads is introduced into the compass, which contains a body filled with liquid and an MCE and a support, in {a bridge with a support and through channels symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis, a guide cylinder with a liquid, a movement limiter The porsch, the thrust spring and the circular visor located on the bottom surface of the MCE are symmetrical to the axis of its rotation. At the siepxHBe, the sections of the Porsch channels are located under the circular visor. The drawing shows the proposed magnetic compass, a slit. The magnetic compass has a kettle 1, MCHE 2 in liquid 3 on support 4 fixed in a movable piston 5 with vertical through channels symmetrical with respect to its axis b, a direction cylinder 7 filled with liquid 3 in which a piston 5 is installed, and a stop spring 8 pressing in The piston 5 is at the top of it. The piston 5 travel stop is made in the form of a screw 9 fixed on the guide tine 7 and slid into the vertical slot 10 in the direction of the piston 5. The spring 8 is fixed and adjusted to the extent necessary Odimogo force nut (I {11-, screwed into the bottom screw cylinder 7. The walls of the cylinder 7, the piston 5 and the boiler pump 1 oh azovana strip 12, filled with liquid 3, communicating with the internal cavity of the pot 1 through the channels 6. In the bottom The MEP HanpotHB of the outlet openings of the channels 6 at a distance of mm from them has a circular visor 13, one conical example, which is also a trap that protects the MCE 2 from the support 4 when the pot 1 is turned over. The magnetic compass works in the following way. In statics, MCE 2 rests on support 4, which is in the upper position, since piston S with the lower cut of slot 10 is pressed by spring 8 to the limiting screw. To achieve this static static threshold device, force Rcr is required. spring 8 was chosen in accordance with the formula Rpo p RmeJ where the piston in the fluid; ®® ° MCE in liquid; WU, masses psfshn and MCE, respectively; piston volumes and MCE, respectively; p - tight. woo Op is the acceleration of free fall; K is the coefficient | feudalities of the pressure of the first one over the amount (| th weight in the liquid and MCE. For example, with mN; F |, s 90 mN and Kch 1.25, we have F pr 50 mN; with acceleration49 forces of ore equal to PvA-n-pVn) (g4W), with PVA, squeezes 1fine 8. In MBE 2, silrau similarly occurs. , is equal to F CHl4 -pV49) (). But since the movement of MCE 2 is slowed down by the forces of resistance of its large surface to liquid 3 and by the forces expended on displacing significant attached masses of liquid 3, the piston 5 starts to move away from MCE 2 upon breaking, breaking the contact link of meyukpu MCE 2 and supporting 4, This gap it is easier provided by the condition of the RC Fp, which, as shown below, is necessarily performed. Thus, the acceleration / at which the contact connection of the support - the MCE is broken (response threshold) is determined by the imperfection of which, given the above races cneaveT condition: TS9-p. An example of a „„ U-o v For the chosen example, Wqj 0.67g-, i.e. the threshold of the threshold device is 0.67-g- (overload is not more than any impact force). Under the action of accelerations of large thresholds, the movement of the piston 5 causes the fluid to be ejected from the cavity 12 through the channels 6 towards the circular goat 13C moving under the action of the force f beats MCE 2c 13. The velocity of the fluid flowing out of the channels 6 at the output section of these channels can be determined by the expression V -V p 3k where and Vfl are the velocities of the fluid flowing out of the channels and the displacement of the piston, respectively; SK and S are the cross sections of the channels and the pistons, respectively. Flowing out at high speed from channels 6, the liquid is in the form of sharp elongated flares abutting the circular visor 13 of the MCE 2. The kinetic energy of the liquid jets, which is greater than the kinetic energy of the MCE, is largely spent on redeeming the kinetic energy of the MCE (stopping the movement of the MCE). The correlation of weights in fluid 5 and MCE 2, as well as the distance between the 8th and 1 slices of channels 6 and the circular canopy 13 are chosen such that iio & ti completely stop the movement of the MCHE 2 in the direction of impact or even change the direction of its movement (flip the MCE). This effect manifests itself, for example, 1fi t iD c hh

where vn is the mass ejected from the channels

6 liquids;

 the speed of movement of the MCE resulting from the impact, which leads to the condition

Rp 2drche

for the case when the spring stiffness; C 10-20 mN / mm, the distance between the exit of the q channel and the circular 13 ° C canal is 2-4 mm. and Wcp 2,5-.

At the end of the impact, 1fupper 8 aperiodically delivers the piston 5 to its original position. At the same time, the comparatively opposite pressure of the piston is relatively weak. The suction torches of the liquid in the output sections of the channels 6 have a spherical shape and are relatively small in volume. Therefore, the liquid flowing under the piston S practically does not exert a pulling effect on the MCE 2, which slowly descends under the action of the force K & E. In MOhieHT, when the piston returns to the starting position against the stop, the MCE still does not reach the static position and continues to slowly descend. When it comes into contact with a support rigidly, the impact does not occur, and contact contacts are commensurate with the voltage when the MCE is lowered onto the support when the compass is assembled.

In the event that a repeated external impact occurs before the end of the transient process, the MCE will be thrown to a lower height, i.e. wasp; automatic adjustment of the threshold device operation.

The device may have variants of execution of individual elements.

The channels in the piston can be made in the form of slots on the cylinder surface of the piston or in the form of a uniform gap around the support fixed in the center.

The limiter can be moved in the form of a stub or pin on a 1-letter head, or a nut on the piston shaft.

The adjusting nut can be replaced by adjusting the flaps.

Circular to (sealed on MCE (flat or reverse conical and skulljack & l) with one of the components of MCE.

The hairpin can & esggen eshgena on the MCE, and the pin in the piston.

The technical-ecoiomic advantages of the compass consist in pushing the pin by increasing the shock resistance, i.e. mind by opuom. wear w (I1 MCHE compass with traction kfff w-:

operation and use for the intended purpose, which leads to an increase in the life of the compass without changing the support and increases the safety of navigation. These advantages are achieved by introducing a percussion overload device into the compass, which allows even a relatively weak impact not only to break the contact between the support and the MCE, thereby protecting the support from shock overloads, but also directing the kinetic energy, etc. This is done by spouting a fluid through the channels through the channels in the piston, sucking it against the moving body in the direction of the impact with the MCE circular visor.

 The device is tested under the action of shocks with an acceleration of ISO m / s - 3000 strokes. After testing, the error from the MCE friction, depending on the state of support M (the degree of wear of the core), was within the tolerance.

Parameters of the device with which tests were performed on prototypes of the KM 100 compass:

RFC 30 mNRP 75 mN

 mm mm 6-3 mm

Wj., 5s - is mN / mm ..

Claims (2)

1. Patent USA N 3481044, OZ12.69. cl. 33-223. 2. The patent of Great Britain 821719,; OZL2.57, kl.61R97 (2Хпротота1 г у / 7 / // Y Y Y ,, t f77 / j / f