SU860925A1 - Method of winding and training helical springs - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of winding spiral springs and can be applied in instrumentation.

At present, methods of mechanical winding of wire onto the mandrel are used for winding spiral springs. After winding, the springs are not energized, i.e. left in the wound state for a while (from several hours to several days). Then the springs are thermally operated. The disadvantages of the mechanical winding method are the long cycle of manufacturing the spring, as well as the need for special mandrels for each type of spring.

The known method for winding and winding the spiral springs 1 allows winding the spring on a special mandrel, which is a cylindrical body. The mandrel is enclosed in a cylindrical drum coaxially with it, having a window for feeding wound wire. The drum prevents the spring from opening after the end of the winding, where it is maintained for the required time.

Despite a number of advantages, this method has all the disadvantages inherent in mechanical methods of winding, namely: the need for special conditions

mandrels and a long chain manufacturing spring.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the listed disadvantages.

The goal is achieved by the method of winding and winding spiral springs, including plastic deformation of the wire, for deforming the wire is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to its power lines and fixed one end of it, then pass a constant electric current through the wire . If necessary, winding of springs of a special shape, the deformation of the wire is carried out in a non-uniform magnetic field.

The essence of the method is illustrated by dashes, where in FIG. 1 shows the mechanism of deformation of a wire with a current placed in a magnetic field; in fig. 2 - the spiral spring is ready.

The method of magnetoelectric winding is as follows.

A straight line of wire from which the helical spring is to be wound is placed in a magnetic field (see Fig. 1). Magnetic lines of force are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and directed upwards; they are conventionally

depicted as dots. If one end of the wire is rigidly fixed and the other left free and then a constant electric current / is passed through it, as shown in the drawings, then each element of the length of the conductor AZ (the conductor is perpendicular to the magnetic field lines) according to the rule of "left hand. As is known, the magnitude of this force is proportional to the induction of the magnetic field B, the current strength / and the length of the AZ segment, i.e.

q iB-I- Z,

Thus, a conductor with a current placed in a magnetic field (if one end of it is rigidly fixed) can be considered as a beam with one clamped end, loaded with evenly distributed forces of q. The shape of the elastic line of this beam will be determined by the following expression:

J m.

 ./

where p is the radius of curvature in an arbitrary

section;

M is the bending moment in this section;

E is the modulus of elasticity; / - moment of inertia about the bent axis.

The magnitude of the bending moment, and hence the curvature k of the elastic axis (-),

proportional to the square of the distance of the selected section from the free end of the beam. Thus, the closer to the fixed end of the conductor segment, the more it is curved. As the conductor deforms, the distributed load continues to act on it normal to its elastic line, while the load q does not change in magnitude (see Fig. 1).

For very large deformations, the magnitude of the bending moment, and hence the curvature of the elastic line will not be proportional to the square of the distance to the free end, it will be somewhat less, however, the increase in curvature as you approach the fixed end of the conductor will remain. This means that at a sufficiently large current / and magnetic field induction, the conductor shown in FIG. 1, under the action of magnetoelectric forces, is coiled into a coil, as shown in FIG. 2. If you increase the amount of current flowing through the Conductor and reduce the magnetic induction so that the product B-I remains the same, the helix will retain its shape, but will begin to heat up. Regulating the amount of current, you can heat the conductor to any temperature. At high temperature, a conduction phenomenon occurs in the conductor, which allows one to maintain the shape of the helix after the removal of S and /. In addition, the high temperature allows quenching.

coil spring directly at the time of winding.

In order to obtain spiral springs of a special geometry, it is necessary to replace a uniform magnetic field with a non-uniform,

induction of which along the length of the conductor would vary according to a well-defined law.

The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed winding method consists in the absence of special mandrels necessary for winding the springs mechanically. With the magnetoelectric method, it is possible to change the spring geometry by changing the magnetic induction and the current flowing through the deformable conductor. In addition, when the spring is heated in the process of drilling to the temperature of metal flow and plastic deformation, there is no need to spring out the spring, which leads to a reduction in the duration of the manufacturing cycle. The advantage is that the heat treatment process (for example, quenching) can be combined with the spring winding process, and if a non-uniform field is used instead of a uniform magnetic field, then it is possible to manufacture spiral springs of a special configuration.

Claims (2)

1. A method of winding and winding the spiral springs, including plastic deformation of the wire, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity and simplify the process of winding, the wire is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to its power lines to deform, and through which a constant electric current is passed through the wire. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to wind the springs of a special shape, the deformation of the wire is carried out in a non-uniform magnetic field. Sources of information taken into account in the examination of 1- USSR Copyright Certificate № 161326, cl. B 21 F 35/00, 1964. rrr-f m-1 -I rl Phage.