SU857791A1

SU857791A1 - Device for aerosol dispersion analysis

Info

Publication number: SU857791A1
Application number: SU792844247A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Анатольевич Астахов; Михаил Васильевич Киселев; Валерий Степанович Нестеров
Original assignee: Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт биологического приборостроения
Priority date: 1979-11-26
Filing date: 1979-11-26
Publication date: 1981-08-23

Description

(54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ДИСПЕРСИОННОГО АНАЛИЗА АЭЮЗОЛЕЙ(54) DEVICE FOR AYUZOLE DISPERSION ANALYSIS

1one

Изобретение относитс к контропьно-измерн тельной технике и может найти применение в различных област х техники дл измерени дисперсности аэрозолей, например в микробиологической .The invention relates to a counter-measuring technique and can be used in various technical fields for measuring the dispersion of aerosols, for example, in microbiological.

Известно устройство дл отбора проб биологических аэрозолей путем инерционного их осаждени на подложку - импактор, состо щий из нескольких последовательно установленных ступеней в одном корпусе.A device for sampling biological aerosols is known by inertia depositing them onto a substrate — an impactor consisting of several successively installed steps in a single housing.

В данном и ему подобных импакторах происходит разделение аэрозол на фракщш, крупность которых уменьшаетс на каждой последующей ступени. Ддльнейший анализ дисперсного состава пробы предусматривает раздельное исследование каждой фракции с последующим суммированием полученных данных дл полной характеристики аэрозол (1.In this and similar impactors, the aerosol is divided into fractions, the particle size of which decreases at each subsequent stage. A further analysis of the dispersed composition of the sample provides for a separate study of each fraction, followed by summing up the obtained data to fully characterize the aerosol (1.

Однако, дл таких исследований требуетс несколько подложек, а также значительное зрем дл анализа. Увеличение числа подложек в импакторах приводит к паразитным потер м аэрозолей на внутренних поверхност х, усложн ет конструкцию прибора, что в целом снижает достоверность полученных данных.However, several substrates are required for such studies, as well as a significant amount of analysis. An increase in the number of substrates in impactors leads to parasitic losses of aerosols on internal surfaces, complicates the design of the device, which generally reduces the reliability of the data obtained.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности вл етс устройство дл дисперсного исследовани аэрозолей, содержащее корпус с входным и выходным патрубками , подложку и установленный над подложкой сепаратор, выполненный в виде трех концентрически расположенных перегородок, закрепленных на крыщке и раздел ющих единственную Closest to the proposed technical entity is a device for dispersing aerosols, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a substrate and a separator mounted above the substrate, made in the form of three concentrically arranged partitions fixed on the flap and separating a single

10 поверхность осаждени на зоны. Перегорощси выполнены с отверсти миГ2 1.10 surface deposition zone. The overheating is performed with a hole mi2 1.

Поток аэрозол проходит последовательно через каждую зону с возрастающей скоростью, в св зи с уменьшением суммарного сечени The aerosol stream passes successively through each zone at an increasing rate, due to the decrease in the total cross section

15 отверстий. Соответственно уменьшаетс размер частиц, осаждающих на поверхности подложки в этих зонах.15 holes. Accordingly, the size of the particles deposited on the surface of the substrate in these zones decreases.

Claims

The drawbacks of the device are multiple changes in the direction of flow that contribute to the loss of aerosol particles on the inner walls of the device, the sample is unevenly distributed on the substrate, since most of the sediment in each zone is co-located above the inlets, the sample is not compact on the substrate, as a result The deposition surface is closed by concentric partitions; quick substrate change is difficult, since it is necessary to disassemble the instrument. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the analysis and simplify operation. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for dispersive analysis of aerosols, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a substrate and a separator installed above the substrate, the separator is made in the form of concentrically located central nozzle, middle nozzle and located one above the other of the upper and lower confusors and installed in the housing against the inlet nozzle, the outlet openings of the central and middle nozzle and the lower confuser are installed at the same level, and the cross-sectional areas yhodnyh inlet openings and upper converger sootvetstvenpo larger cross-sectional areas of the inlet openings of the central nozzle and media it. FIG. 1 shows the proposed device in FIG. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. 1. The device comprises a housing 1, an inlet 2, an upper cover 3, a separator consisting of a central nozzle 4 and arranged upper concentrically with the concentric 5 and concentrically with it and successively under each other of the upper confuser 5, the middle nozzle made detachable the fusor part 7, the lower confuser 8, the substrate 9, the bottom cover 10 and the outlet nozzle 11. The parts of the separator 4, 6 and 7 are centered and attached to the body with the help of plates 12. The device works as follows. The azrozole stream passes through the inlet 2 and is sent to the central nozzle 4 of the separator. Due to the fact that the diameter of the inlet of the central nozzle 4 is smaller than the outlet of the nozzle 2, only large particles with a large inertia, which pass through nozzle 4, penetrate into the center of the substrate 9, penetrating into the center of the substrate 9, forming a central zone. A smaller fraction with air flow. carried into the confuser 5, where it is accelerated and fed into the diffuser 6 of the middle nozzle. Due to the fact that the diameter of the inlet of the latter is smaller than the diameter of the inlet of the upper confuser 5, only particles of a larger fraction with greater inertia penetrate into the interior of the latter, then pass into the confuser 7 of the middle nozzle and are deposited on the substrate 9 around the central zone , forming the second zone. The particles of the smallest fraction are captured and accelerated by the confuser 8, precipitated on the periphery of the substrate 9, forming the third one. As a result of this separation process, the aerosol is divided into fractions and is deposited on the substrate in zones, the particles are evenly distributed on the substrate, which allows to qualitatively investigate all the zones simultaneously and judge the dispersed composition of azrozole as a whole. The proposed device is more efficient and reduces losses by 30% compared to losses in cascade impactors due to a decrease in the deposition surface. A device for the impact of biological aerosols can be widely used in the study of aerosols that pollute the atmosphere as a result of industrial emissions from industrial plants. It can also be used as an instrument for sampling aerosols with subsequent determination of the amount and fractional dispersion of the substances under investigation using various methods of analysis, such as microscopy. The use of the device allows us to simplify the design of the device for analyzing aerosols, to make it compact, to improve the quality of the sample and to reduce the time required to obtain data on the composition of substances that pollute the atmosphere. In addition, the device allows it to be used in automatic air purity analyzers. Claims An apparatus for dispersive analysis of aerosols, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a substrate and a separator mounted above the substrate, characterized by, in order to improve the accuracy of the analysis and simplify operation, the separator is made in the form of a centrally arranged central nozzle, the middle nozzle and the upper and the outer confuser placed one above the other and installed in the housing against the inlet nozzle, the outlet openings of the central and middle nozzle and the lower confuse pq installed on one level, and plc Tsada cross sections of outlets of the inlet pipe and the upper space converger respectively Large Live