SU857365A1

SU857365A1 - Dredger suction tube

Info

Publication number: SU857365A1
Application number: SU782652817A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Валентина Дмитриевна Рощупкина; Дмитрий Васильевич Рощупкин
Original assignee: Новосибирский филиал Всесоюзного научно-исследовательского института транспортного строительства
Priority date: 1978-08-08
Filing date: 1978-08-08
Publication date: 1981-08-23

Description

(54) ВСАСЫВАЮЩЕЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ЗЕМЛЕСОСНОГО(54) SUCTION DEVICE OF AGRICULTURAL

СНАРЯДАSHELLS

II

Изобретение относитс к гидромеханизации земл ных работ и предназначено дл подводной разработки грунтов.The invention relates to the hydromechanization of earthworks and is intended for underwater soil development.

Известно всасывающее устройство землесосного снар да, включающее всасывающую трубу и всасывающий наконечник. Устройством обеспечиваетс разработка несв зного грунта свободным всасыванием с самообрушением откосов I.A suction suction device is known, which includes a suction pipe and a suction tip. The device ensures the development of an unbound soil by free suction with self-breaking of slopes I.

Недостатками такого устройства вл ютс незащищенность от попадани во всасывающую трубу негабаритных комьев грунта, превыщающих размер проходного сечени землесоса, и загр знение водной акватории забо взвес ми мелких грунтовых частиц при самообрушении откосов забо .The drawbacks of such a device are the lack of protection from the oversized clods of soil that exceed the size of the suction section of the suction pump and the contamination of the water area with the suspension of small soil particles into the suction pipe.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности вл етс всасывающее устройство земснар да, включающее всасывающую трубу и наконечник с решеткой в устье криволинейного очертани , с чейками, с размерами кажда , не превышающими размера проходного сечени землесоса . Устройством обеспечиваетс повыщение эффективности разработки несв зных грунтов за счет исключени попадани во всасывающую трубу негабаритных комьев грунта 2.Closest to the proposed technical entity is a suction device of a dredger, including a suction pipe and a tip with a grille at the mouth of a curvilinear outline, with cells each with dimensions not exceeding the size of the suction pump bore. The device improves the efficiency of the development of unbound soils by eliminating oversized clods of soil into the suction pipe 2.

Однако имеет место загр знение водной акватории забо взвес ми мелких грунтовых частиц при самообрушении грунта откосов забо .However, there is a pollution of the water area of the bottom of the suspension of small soil particles during self-destruction of the soil of the bottom slopes.

Цель изобретени - сохранение чистоты водной акватории забо путем уменьшени 5 грунтовых взвесей при разработке несв зного грунта.The purpose of the invention is to preserve the purity of the water area at the bottom by reducing 5 soil suspensions when developing non-bonded soil.

Цель достигаетс тем, что между устьем наконечника и решеткой установлена насадка раструбного типа, а чейки решетки выполнены круглыми, при этом решетка выполнена по очертанию зоны активного всасывани , а ентры чеек расположены на рассто нии , не превышающем суммы радиусов их зон активного всасывани .The goal is achieved by installing a socket-type nozzle between the tip mouth and the grate, and the grate cells are round, with the grate made in the outline of the active suction zone, and the cell centers are located at a distance not exceeding the sum of the radii of their active suction zones.

На фиг. 1 изображено устройство, вид j сбоку; на фиг. 2 - то же, вид спереди.FIG. 1 shows a device, j in side view; in fig. 2 - the same, front view.

Устройство состоит из всасывающей трубы 1 с коническим наконечником 2, насадки 3, присоединенной к наконечнику 2 соединением 4, которое показано фланцевым. Дл быстроты присоединени насадки 3 к наконечнику 2 соединение 4 может быть быстроразъемным , например, с помощью баращков и т. п.The device consists of a suction pipe 1 with a conical tip 2, a nozzle 3 connected to the tip 2 by a connection 4, which is shown flanged. For quick attachment of the nozzle 3 to the tip 2, the connection 4 can be quick-disconnecting, for example, using jacks, etc.

Claims

The nozzle 3 is equipped with a grid 5 with cells 6. The grid 5 is made according to the outline of the active suction zone formed around the mouth of the tip 2. To ensure the smallest dimensions of the suction device and the lowest energy consumption for suction, the slurry of cell 6 is round. The size of cell 6 is determined by its diameter, which does not exceed the size of the suction pump bore. The sum of the areas of all the cells 6 is equal to the area of the mouth of the suction tip 2. The distance between the centers of the adjacent cells 6 does not exceed the sum of the radii of their active suction zones. Around the cells 6, active suction zones 7 are formed. Cells 6 have the same dimensions. In a number of cases, especially in heavily dusty inconsistent gravel-sandy soils, it is advisable to place cells 6 of a larger diameter in the lower part of the grid 5, and smaller diameter in the upper part. The operation of the device is carried out in the following manner. If there are no oversized lumps in the bottomhole and there are no restrictions on the degree of turbidity of water in the water area, then the development of the soil is carried out using a conventional device, including a suction pipe 1 and tip 2. The tip 2 is lowered to the bottom of the slope of the earth bottom and the ground is drawn in from the slope underwater slap. When limiting the turbidity to the suction tip 2 attach the nozzle 3. Put the device under water, turn on the operation of the dredger. A suction pressure is created in the suction pipe 1, which spreads to the cavity of the suction tip 2 and nozzle 3, and through the cells b and to the water area surrounding them. Due to the atmospheric differential on the surface of the water and the pressure lowered in the cells 6, the water flows into the nozzle 3 through the cells 6, from it into the tip 2, and from the tip into the suction pipe 1. The nozzle 3 is brought to the ground. Water streams leaking to the cells 6 in the lower part of the nozzle 3, erode, entrain and carry the soil through the cells 6 into the nozzle 3, which is buried until the entire nozzle turns out to be in the soil throughout the ABC curve. The nozzle 3, which is buried in the ground, makes the development of a layer of soil with the thickness AC from left to right and from right to left. The physical essence of the soil development process with the suction device is as follows. When water flows to the cells 6, the soil is washed out (hemmed) against each cell 6, but the areas of the hemlock are small in size. The soil between adjacent suction zones 7, upper and lower, collapses, enters the lower zone 7 and is sucked into the cell located in the center of this zone. Small particles of soil, vozveshivshayas during the collapse of the soil, fall into the upper zone 7 and are sucked into a cell located in the center of the upper zone. Thus, the suspension of the soil is not formed, the water of the water area remains clear from the suspensions. After developing a layer of soil, the device is lifted above the ground and washed with water, sucking in water. Then the cells 6 are rinsed with a reverse flow of water, after which the suction pump is turned off. The return column of water from the suction pipe 1 washes the cells 6. After that, the device is ready for further work. The device ensures not only the preservation of the purity of the water area of the bottom, but also increases the efficiency of the development of the soil, since the absorption of the soil is carried out by several mouths instead of a single area of equal size. Claims 1. Suction device for suction projectile, including suction pipe and tip with a grille at the mouth of a curvilinear outline, with cells, not exceeding the size of the suction pump section, characterized by the fact that in order to preserve the purity of the water area By reducing the soil mist when developing a non-bonded soil, a socket-type nozzle is installed between the mouth of the tip and the grate, and the grate cells are round. 2. The suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grating is made in the outline of the active suction zone, and the cell centers are located at a distance not exceeding the sum of the radii of their active suction zones. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Shkundin B.M. Equipment for hydromechanization of land works. M., “Energie, 1970, p. 85-86;

2.Bychkov N.P. Vessels technical fleet. M., Wodtransizdat, 1954, p. 16, p. 15.