SU855255A1

SU855255A1 - Hydraulic control servo drive of track machine

Info

Publication number: SU855255A1
Application number: SU792797263A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Михаил Исидорович Берадзе; Валерий Павлович Серов
Original assignee: За витель
Priority date: 1979-07-09
Filing date: 1979-07-09
Publication date: 1981-08-15

Description

Изобретение относится к транспорт ным средствам, а именно к гидравлическим сервоприводам управления гусеничных портальных машин, и может быть использовано на двухмоторных тракторах типа .катамаран и портальных. *The invention relates to vehicles, namely, hydraulic control servos of tracked gantry vehicles, and can be used on twin-engine tractors such as catamaran and gantry. *

Известен гидравлический следящий привод управления гусеничной машины, содержащий источник питания, устройство переключения, поршневой исполнительный ¹⁰гидродвигатель, шток и поршень которого выполнены полыми, причем поршень имеет два пояска, образующие полость поршня, связанную радиальными отверстиями с внутренней полостью штока, в которой размещен подпружиненный золотник ручного управления, а торцовая полость гидродвигателя связана со сливомKnown hydraulic servo control drive of a tracked vehicle, containing a power source, a switching device, a piston actuator ¹⁰ hydraulic motor, the piston rod and piston of which are hollow, the piston having two bands forming a piston cavity connected by radial holes to the internal stem cavity in which the spring-loaded spool is located manual control, and the end cavity of the hydraulic motor is connected to the drain

Недостаток данного устройства заклю- _ячается в том, что оно осуществляет ручное, автоматическое или дистанционное управление механизмами трактора с одной сил сю ой установкой и не может обес2 печить остановку двухмоторного гусеничного транспортного средства при внезапной остановке одного из двигателей.The disadvantage of this device _I zaklyu- chaetsya in that it carries on manual, automatic or remote control mechanism of the tractor with one setting forces oo th and can not stop obes2 pechit twin-tracked vehicle during a sudden stop of an engine.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности устройства.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device.

Поставленная цель достигается тем; что устройство переключения выполнено в виде двух подпружиненных двухпоясковых однокромочных золотников, каждый из которых размещен в гильзе с образованием торцовых и промежуточных полостей, причем одна из торцовых полостей первого золотника связана с полостью поршня, промежуточная - со сливом, с одной из полостей гидродвигателя и через кромку - с противоположной торцовой полостью второго золотника, при этом торцовые полости каждого из золотников связаны между собой через регулирующий дроссель.The goal is achieved by; that the switching device is made in the form of two spring-loaded double-gang single-edge spools, each of which is placed in the sleeve with the formation of end and intermediate cavities, one of the end cavities of the first spool being connected to the piston cavity, the intermediate to the drain, from one of the hydraulic motor cavities and through the edge - with the opposite end cavity of the second spool, while the end cavities of each of the spools are interconnected via a control throttle.

На чертеже схематично представлен гидравлический сервопривод.The drawing schematically shows a hydraulic servo.

Сервопривод содержит источник питания, выполненный в виде двух насосов 1 и 2, устройство переключения, выполнен ное в виде двух подпружиненных двукпоясковых однокромочных золотников 3 и 4, каждый из которых размещен в гильзе и 6 соответственно с образованием торцовых 7-10 и промежуточных 11 и 12 полостей, поршневой исполнительный гицродвигатель, выполненный в вице цилиндров 13 и 14, содержащих штоки 15 и и поршни 17 и 18, причем поршни и 18 имеют по два пояска - 19 и 20, 21 и 22, которые образуют полости 23 и 24 поршней 17 и 18. Полости 23 и 24 связаны радиальными отверстиями и 26 с внутренней полостью 27 и ₁₅28 штоков торцовые полости 29 и 30 цилиндров 13 и 14 связаны со сливом 31. Золотники 3 и 4 содержат кромки 32 и 33. Цилиндры 13 и 14 имеют рабочие полости 34 и 35, а в полостях 27 и 28 20 штоков - золотники 36 и 37 ручного управления. В поршнях 17 и 18 выполнен второй ряд радиальных отверстий 38 и 39. В сервоприводе имеется бак 40, магистрали 41-44, регулируемые дроссели 25 45 и 46. Золотники 3 и 4 подпружинены пружинами 47 и 48, а золотники 36 и 37 пружинами 49 и 50. Внутри штоков цилиндров 13 и 14 находятся тяги 51 и 52. Золотники 3 и 4 имеют также до- 30 полнительные полости 53 и 54. В сервоприводе имеется кран 55.The servo drive contains a power source made in the form of two pumps 1 and 2, a switching device made in the form of two spring-loaded double-lever single-edge spools 3 and 4, each of which is placed in a sleeve and 6, respectively, with the formation of mechanical 7-10 and intermediate 11 and 12 cavities, a piston executive gyro engine, made in the vice of cylinders 13 and 14, containing rods 15 and pistons 17 and 18, and the pistons and 18 have two bands - 19 and 20, 21 and 22, which form the cavity 23 and 24 of the pistons 17 and 18. Cavities 23 and 24 are connected by radial holes ends and 26 with an internal cavity 27 and _{15 of the} rod stock end cavities 29 and 30 of the cylinders 13 and 14 are connected to the drain 31. The spools 3 and 4 contain the edges 32 and 33. The cylinders 13 and 14 have working cavities 34 and 35, and in the cavities 27 and 28 20 rods - manual spools 36 and 37. A second row of radial holes 38 and 39 is made in the pistons 17 and 18. The servo drive has a tank 40, lines 41-44, adjustable throttles 25 45 and 46. The spools 3 and 4 are spring-loaded with springs 47 and 48, and the spools 36 and 37 with springs 49 and 50. Inside the rods of cylinders 13 and 14 there are rods 51 and 52. The spools 3 and 4 also have 30 additional cavities 53 and 54. There is a crane 55 in the actuator.

Гидравлический сервопривод работает следующим образом.Hydraulic servo operates as follows.

При начальном (крайнем правом) положении золотника 36 ручного управления масло поступает в рабочую полость 34, проходит через радиальные отверстия 38, полость 27 поршня 17 и через ряд радиальных отверстий 25 поршня 17 в полость 23. Из этой полости масло по магистрали 41 поступает в дроссель 45 и далее в магистраль 44. В связи с тем, что дрос— сель 45 соединен параллельно с золотником 3, на последнем создается перепад давлений, позволяющий ему преодолеть усилие возвратной пружины 47 и занять положение, при котором дополнительная πο-_?θ лость 53 и полость 11 сообщены. Золотник 4 также занимает положение, определяемое перепадом давлений на дросселе 46, при котором полость 12; и дополнительная полость 54 соединены. Соединение ₅₅полостей 12 и 54, 11 и 53 обеспечивает проход масла йз магистрали 41 в бак 40, т.е. масло свободно циркулирует в системе. Перепад давления, возникающий при этом на дросселях 45 и 46, имеет место также и в цилиндрах 13 и 14 между полостями 29 и 34, 30 и 35, что приводит к неуравновешенности поршней 17 и 18, При воздействии на тягу 51 золотника 36 ручного управления последний, преодолевая действие возвратной пружины 49, перемещается внутри поршня 17 и перекрывает первый ряд радиальных отверстий 38. Давление в рабочей полости 34 повышается до тех пор, пока создаваемое на поршне 17 усилие не вызывает его перемещение. В случае прекращения движения золотника 36 поршень 17, дойдя до определенного положения, также остановится. Таким образом, положение поршня 17 определяется положением золотника 36, т.е. происходит слежение по перемещению. В случае прекращения работы одного из насосов, например насоса 1, масло от насоса 1 в систему не поступает. На дросселе 45 исчезает перепад давления, это приводит к тому, что золотник 3, под действием пружины 47, перемещается и отсекает дополнительную полость 53 от полости 11, т.е. магистраль 43, которая связывает торцовую полость 9 золотника 4 с баком через полости 53 и 11 золотника 3, оказывается отсоединенной от бака. Поэтому в магистрали 42, которая связывает торцовую полость золотника 4 с полостью 24 поршня цилиндра 14, возрастает давление. Давление также возрастает в полостях 24 и цилиндра 14. В полости 24 масло давит равномерно на оба пояска 21 поршня 13, при этом никаких осевых усилий не возникает, в рабочей полости 35 масло давит на поршень 18 и вызывает его перемещение. Торцовая полость 30, как это было указано выше, постоянно соединена со сливом.At the initial (rightmost) position of the manual control valve 36, oil enters the working cavity 34, passes through the radial holes 38, the cavity 27 of the piston 17, and through the series of radial holes 25 of the piston 17 into the cavity 23. From this cavity, the oil enters the throttle through line 41 45 and further to the line 44. Due to the fact that the throttle 45 is connected in parallel with the spool 3, the latter creates a pressure differential, which allows it to overcome the force of the return spring 47 and take a position in which additional πο- _? θ cavity 53 and cavity 11 are communicated. Spool 4 also occupies a position determined by the pressure drop across the throttle 46, in which the cavity 12; and additional cavity 54 are connected. The connection _{55 of the} cavities 12 and 54, 11 and 53 provides the passage of oil sf line 41 into the tank 40, i.e. oil circulates freely in the system. The pressure drop that occurs on the throttles 45 and 46 also takes place in the cylinders 13 and 14 between the cavities 29 and 34, 30 and 35, which leads to an imbalance of the pistons 17 and 18. , overcoming the action of the return spring 49, moves inside the piston 17 and blocks the first row of radial holes 38. The pressure in the working cavity 34 increases until the force created on the piston 17 causes it to move. In the case of stopping the movement of the spool 36, the piston 17, reaching a certain position, will also stop. Thus, the position of the piston 17 is determined by the position of the spool 36, i.e. movement tracking takes place. In the event of the termination of one of the pumps, for example pump 1, the oil from pump 1 does not enter the system. On the throttle 45, the pressure drop disappears, this leads to the fact that the spool 3, under the action of the spring 47, moves and cuts off the additional cavity 53 from the cavity 11, i.e. the line 43, which connects the end cavity 9 of the spool 4 with the tank through the cavity 53 and 11 of the spool 3, is disconnected from the tank. Therefore, in the line 42, which connects the end cavity of the spool 4 with the cavity 24 of the piston of the cylinder 14, the pressure increases. The pressure also increases in the cavities 24 and the cylinder 14. In the cavity 24, the oil presses evenly on both bands 21 of the piston 13, while no axial forces occur, in the working cavity 35, the oil presses on the piston 18 and causes it to move. The end cavity 30, as described above, is constantly connected to the drain.

Claims

The invention relates to vehicle conditions, namely to hydraulic servo-drivers for tracked portal machines, and can be used on twin-engine catamaran and portal-type tractors. A hydraulic follower of a tracked machine control water is known, comprising a power source, a switching device, a piston actuating hydraulic motor, the rod and the piston of which are made using a piston, the piston having two pockets forming a piston cavity connected by radial holes with the internal cavity of the rod. in which the spring-loaded manual control spool is located, and the end cavity of the hydraulic motor is connected to the drain fl. The disadvantage of this device is that it performs manual, automatic or remote control of tractor mechanisms with one CEL (installation and cannot ensure stopping a twin-engine tracked vehicle when one of the engines suddenly stops. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device. The goal is achieved by the fact that the switching device is made in the form of two spring-loaded two-piece single-lip spools, each of which is placed in a sleeve with an image first and second cavities, one of the end cavities of the first spool is connected to the piston cavity, intermediate - with a drain, with one of the hydraulic engine cavities and through the edge - with the opposite end cavity of the second spool, while the end cavities of each of the spools are connected between through the control throttle. The drawing shows a schematic of a hydraulic servo drive. The servo drive contains a power source made in the form of two pumps 1 and 2, a switching device made in vice x loaded. double-sided single-side spools 3 and 4, each of which is housed in sleeve 5 and 6, respectively, with the formation of face 7-10 and intermediate 11 and 12 cavities, piston-mounted hydraulic engine, made in vice cylinders 13 and 14, containing rods 15 and 16 and pistons 17 and 18, the pistons 17 and 18 each having two masses of 19 and 20, 21 and 22, which form the cavities 23 and 24 of the pistons 17 and 18. The cavities 23 and 24 are connected by radial holes 25 and 26 to the internal cavity 27 and 28 rods end cavities 29 and 30 of cylinders 13 and 14 are connected to drain 31. Spools 3 and 4 contain edges 32 33. Cylinders 13 and 14 are work chambers 34 and 35 and in the cavities 27 and stems 28 - spools 36 and 37 of the manual control. In pistons 17 and 18, a second row of radial bores 38 and 39 are made. In the servo there is a tank 4O, lines 41-44, adjustable throttles 45 and 46. The spools 3 and 4 are spring-loaded springs 47 and 48, and the spools 36 and 37 springs 49 and 50. Rods 51 and 52 are inside the cylinder rods 13 and 14. Spools 3 and 4 also have additional cavities 53 and 54. There is a valve 55 in the servo drive. The hydraulic servo operates as follows. At the initial (rightmost) position of the hand-operated spool 36, the oil enters the working cavity 34, passes through the radial holes 38, the cavity 27 of the piston 17 and through a number of radial holes 25 of the piston 17 into the cavity 23. From this cavity, the oil enters through trunk 41 into the throttle 45 and further into the trunk 44. Due to the fact that the throttle 45 is connected in parallel with the spool 3, the latter creates a pressure differential allowing it to overcome the force of the return spring 47 and take a position in which the additional n 53 and cavity 11 is communicated. The spool 4 also occupies the position defined by the differential pressure on the throttle 46, in which the cavity 12: and the complement to the cavity 54 are connected. The connection of the cavities 12 and 54, 11 and 53 ensures the passage of oil from the line 41 to the tank 40, i.e. oil circulates freely in the system. The differential pressure that occurs on throttles x 45 and 46 also occurs in cylinders 13 and 14 between cavities 29 and 34, 30 and 35, which leads to an imbalance of the pistons 17 and 18. manual control of the latter, overcoming the action of the return spring 49, moves inside the piston 17 and overlaps the first row of radial holes 38. The pressure in the working cavity 34 rises until the force created on the piston 17 causes it to move. If the movement of the spool 36 is stopped, the piston 17, having reached a certain position, will also stop. Thus, the position of the piston 17 is determined by the position of the spool 36, i.e. there is tracking on movement. If one of the pumps stops, for example pump 1, the oil from pump 1 does not enter the system. At the throttle 45, the pressure drop disappears, this causes the valve 3, under the action of the spring 47, to move and cut off the additional cavity 53 from the cavity 11, i.e. The main line 43, which connects the end cavity 9 of the spool 4 with the tank through the cavities 53 and 11 of the spool 3, is disconnected from the tank. Therefore, in line 42, which connects the front cavity of the spool 4 with the cavity 24 of the piston of the cylinder 14, pressure increases. The pressure also increases in the cavity 24 and 35 of the cylinder 14. In the cavity 24, the oil presses evenly on both pistons 21 of the piston 13, while no axial forces arise, in the working cavity 35 the oil presses on the piston 18 and causes it to move. The tortsa cavity 30, as mentioned above, is permanently connected to the drain. Formula of the Invention A hydraulic servo drive control of a tracked vehicle, comprising a power source, a switching device, a piston actuating hydraulic motor, the rod and the piston of which are hollow, the piston having two passes forming a piston cavity connected by radial holes with an internal cavity of the rod in which a spring-loaded manual control spool is located, and the hydraulic motor front end is connected to a drain, which is different