SU852221A1 - Device for separating admixtures from root and tuber crops - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for separating impurities from the root and tuber crops used in root-harvesting machines, as well as in 5 stationary devices for cleaning beets, potatoes, carrots, onions and other root and tuber crops.

A device is known for separating impurities from root and tuber crops, including its 10 transporter with sidewalls and a drum with auger winding mounted transversely above it.

However, during operation of this device, the area between the end of the drum and the sidewall 15 of the conveyor quickly sticks to the soil and plant residues in the form of tops and long-stemmed weeds, which leads to frequent stops of the device for cleaning it. In addition, roots and tubers are placed in this zone, which are wedged in it and are considerably damaged. It should also be noted that during the operation of a known device, the root-and-vegetable crops, which go to the end of the drum, are beaten with its blades to the sidewall of the conveyor, and once again in the same zone, they are repeatedly beaten off to the sidewall, which leads again m root crops and reduced performance of the device.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device.

This is achieved by the fact that one of the sides of the conveyor is provided with its lower part adjacent to the drum with an inclined reflector having a convex shape in the direction to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the conveyor.

FIG. 1 shows a device for separating impurities from root and tuber crops, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view (arrow A indicates the direction of movement of the tubers).

The device for separating impurities from the root crops is made of frame 1, carrying conveyor 2 with sidewalls 3 and 4. Above the working branch 5 of conveyor 2 there is a drum with winding 6 rotating counter relative to the direction of movement of the working branch 5. The sidewall 3 of conveyor 2 is equipped with a reflector 7 of heap, placed above the working branch 5 in front of the drum with winding. The surface of the reflector 7 has a convex shape in the horizontal section in the direction of the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the conveyor 2. The convex part of the reflector 7 is located at an acute angle to the direction of movement of the working branch 5 of the conveyor 2. In the specific case, the reflector 7 is made in the form of a curved shield fixed on the sidewall 3. But the reflector can be made in one piece with the side of the conveyor. In the specific case, the reflector 7 in cross section has the shape of a triangle with a certain radius of curvature, but may be in the shape of an oval semi-circle or other convex shape. The reflector 7 may be made of an elastic material or rubberized in order to reduce damage to the root and tuber crops. The angle of the reflector 7 is selected depending on the diameter of the drum 6 with winding.

When the device is in operation, the cleaned pile containing the roots, lumps of soil, haulm and weeds, is moved by the working branch 5 of the conveyor 2 to the drum 6 with winding. In the contact area of the pile with the spiral winding of the drum 6, the root crops, cleared of soil, move along the working branch 5 transversely to it and are fed either into the tank or for further cleaning. Lumps of soil at the moment of contact with the winding of the drum 6 are destroyed and spill down through the rods of the conveyor 2 downwards, and the tops and weeds due to their smaller thickness compared to the size of the root and tuber crops pass under the drum 6 and are removed by the conveyor 2.

The heap to be cleaned, transported by a conveyor in close proximity to the sidewall 3, meets with the reflector 7 and, by bending it, comes into contact with the drum drum winding and 6 already some distance from the lateral 3, i.e. in this case soil does not enter and plant HWX. leave the wheel in the area between the sidewall 3 and the drum of the drum 6, which prevents clogging of this area.

The root crops, retracted from the sidewall 3 by the reflector 7, when they are hit by the edge of the winding of the drum 6, can be directed back towards the sidewall 3, meeting with the obliquely located surface of the reflector 7 facing the drum 6, are reflected from this surface towards the drum 6 and to the longitudinal plane of the conveyor 2.

This nature of the effect of the surface of the reflector 7, facing the drum 6, on the roots prevents them from entering the area between the end of the drum and the sidewall, which prevents their damage in this area. The oblique arrangement of the convex part of the reflector 7 provides for its closer placement to the working area of the drum 6, and this in turn reduces the impact of the roots on the edge of the winding and on the surface of the reflector, which reduces the damage to the roots and crops and increases the productivity of the device. Thus, an improvement in the quality of the device is ensured, namely, its clogging is eliminated, the damage to the root-and-vegetable crops is reduced, and the productivity is increased.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for separating impurities from root crops, including a conveyor with sidewalls and a transversely mounted screw drum over it, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device, one of the conveyor sidewalls is provided with its lower part inclined reflector adjacent to the drum, having a convex shape towards the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the conveyor. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Mechanization and electrification of socialist agriculture, 1973, No. 8, p. 56. 3 FIG. 2