SU849375A1

SU849375A1 - Electric equipment

Info

Publication number: SU849375A1
Application number: SU792806823A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Леонид Наумович Карпиловский; Евгений Алексеевич Иванов; Александр Денисович Мыско
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я В-2156
Priority date: 1979-07-27
Filing date: 1979-07-27
Publication date: 1981-07-23

Description

Изобретение относится к электротехнике, в частности к вопросам построения электроустановок смешанного типа,' содержащих сети переменнопостоянного тока.The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to the construction of mixed-type electrical installations containing networks of alternating current.

Известна электроустановка, содержа-⁵щая сети переменного и постоянного. тока, в состав которых входят неуноавляемые и управляемые вентильные преобразователи, блоки управления преот бразователями, блоки контроля и измерения, общие для упомянутых сетейГ1}.A known electrical installation containing ⁵ networks of alternating and constant. current, which includes non-destructible and controllable valve converters, control units for converters, control and measurement units common to the mentioned networks Г1}.

Недостатком этой электроустановки является сравнительно низкая точность контроля и измерения некоторых параметров в смешанных электрических сетях, например, величины эквивалентного сопротивления изоляции, емкости относительно корпуса, тангенса угла диэлектпических потерь в изоляции и т.д., в связи с тем, что блок контроля и измерения указанных параметров, работая непрерывно или периодически, получает информацию о неко2 торой случайной либо усредненной величине параметра. Это обусловлено тем, что в процессе контроля и измерения при работе управляемых преобразователей (тиристоров), например, величина эквивалентного сопротивления изоляции всей сети, определяемая с помощью подаваемого в электрическую сеть оперативного сигнала от постороннего источника энергии будет фиксироваться различной в зависимости от нахождения управляемого преобразователя (тиристора) в проводящем или непроводящем состоянии.The disadvantage of this electrical installation is the relatively low accuracy of control and measurement of certain parameters in mixed electrical networks, for example, the equivalent insulation resistance, capacitance relative to the housing, the dielectric loss tangent of the insulation, etc., due to the fact that the control and measurement unit These parameters, working continuously or periodically, receives information about some random or averaged parameter value. This is due to the fact that during monitoring and measurement during operation of controlled converters (thyristors), for example, the value of the equivalent insulation resistance of the entire network, determined using the operational signal supplied to the electric network from an external energy source, will be fixed different depending on the location of the controlled converter ( thyristor) in a conducting or non-conducting state.

В смещенных сетях переменно-постоянного тока, содержащих неуправляемые и управляемые вентильные преобразователи, при нахождении управляемого преобразователя (тиристора) в непроводящем состоянии ток оперативного сигнала обтекает сопротивление изоляции фаз сети переменного тока и сопротивление изоляции одного из полюсов сети постоянного тока. При на з 849375 хождении же управляемого преобразователя (тиристора) в открытом состоянии ток оперативного сигнала дополнительно обтекает и параллельное для упомянутых сопротивлений изоляции сопротивление изоляции другого полюса сети постоянного тока. Естественно, что результаты измерения в том и другом случае разные.In biased AC-DC networks containing uncontrolled and controlled valve converters, when the controlled converter (thyristor) is in a non-conducting state, the current of the operational signal flows around the insulation resistance of the phases of the AC network and the insulation resistance of one of the poles of the DC network. When the controlled converter (thyristor) is open in open state, the current of the operational signal also flows around the insulation resistance of the other pole of the DC network parallel to the mentioned insulation resistances. Naturally, the measurement results in both cases are different.

Кроме того, в различных режимах работы управляемый преобразователь (тиристор) открывается при разных фазовых углах, и поэтому даже в случае усреднения измеряемой информации (или ее интегрирования с одной постоянной времени) результаты измерения при одном и том жё фактически сут ществующем эквивалентном сопротивле- нии изоляции установки разные, чтоможет привести при контроле величины блока управления преобразователями соединен с управляемым входом блока : контроля и измерения.In addition, in different operating modes, the controlled converter (thyristor) opens at different phase angles, and therefore, even if the measured information is averaged (or integrated with the same time constant), the measurement results with the same actually existing equivalent insulation resistance the settings are different, which can result in the control of the value of the control unit of the converters connected to the controlled input of the unit: control and measurement.

Кроме того, при необходимости обе5 спечить еще более высокую достоверность, установка снабжена датчиком тока и логическим элементом, причем датчик тока включен между преобразователем и нагрузкой и соединен с 10 управляемым входом блока контроля и измерения через логический элемент И, второй вход которого соединен с выходом блока управления преобразователем.In addition, if necessary, both ensure even higher reliability, the installation is equipped with a current sensor and a logic element, and the current sensor is connected between the converter and the load and connected to 10 controlled input of the control and measurement unit through the AND gate, the second input of which is connected to the output of the unit converter control.

Достижение указанной цели обусловлено тем, что осуществляется синхронизация контроля и измерения (либо выдачи измерительной информации) с режимом работы, обеспечивающим получе20 ние наиболее достоверной информации, о эквивалентного сопротивления изоляции к получению ошибочной,как правило,завышенной информации ( потому что в *·период нахождения тиристора в закрытом состоянии результат контроля за- 25 вышен). Это ведет к неправильным оценкам и снижению достоверности и надежности контроля.Achieving this goal is due to the fact that synchronization of monitoring and measurement (or the issuance of measurement information) is carried out with a mode of operation that provides the most reliable information on the equivalent insulation resistance to receive erroneous, usually overestimated information (because * thyristor in the closed state, the control result is over 25). This leads to incorrect estimates and a decrease in the reliability and reliability of control.

Наиболее близкой по техническому 30 решению является электроустановка, содержащая сети переменного и постоянного тока, в состав которых входят неуправляемые и управляемые преобразователи, нагрузка, блоки управления 35 преобразователями и общей для упомянутых сетей блоки контроля и измерения с датчиками тока (напряжения) И.Closest to the technical solution 30 is an electrical installation containing AC and DC networks, which include uncontrolled and controlled converters, load, control units of 35 converters and common for the mentioned networks control and measurement units with current (voltage) sensors I.

Этой электроустановке свойственны те же недостатки, что и электроуста- 40 новке ГП, хотя в ней уже предельно допустимы значения токов потребления якоря, фиксируемые блоком контроля сопоставляются*(оператором) с табличными данными, характеризующими токи 45 потребления в зависимости от количества работающих выпрямительных мостов.This electrical installation has the same drawbacks as the installation of a power supply unit, although the values of the armature consumption currents fixed by the control unit are already maximum permissible * (by the operator) are compared with tabular data characterizing the consumption currents 45 depending on the number of rectifier bridges operating.

Цель изобретения - повышение достоверности контроля и измерения параметров электрических сетей. 50The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of control and measurement of parameters of electrical networks. fifty

Указанная цель достигается, тем, что в электроустановке, содержащей сети переменного и постоянного тока, в состав которых входят неуправляемые и управляемые вентильные преобразова- 55 тели, блоки управления этими преобразователями', общий для упомянутых сетей блок контроля и измерения, выход контролируемом параметре.This goal is achieved by the fact that in an electrical installation containing AC and DC networks, which include uncontrolled and controllable valve converters 55, control units for these converters', a control and measurement unit common to the mentioned networks, and an output of a controlled parameter.

На фиг. 1 и фиг. 2 изображены варианты выполнения электроустановки.In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows electrical installation options.

Электроустановка содержит источник энергии, управляемый преобразова- . тель 2, управляемый преобразователь 3,.блок 4.управления преобразователем^ блок 5 контроля и измерения, нагрузку 6, датчики рока 7 и 8, при необходимости логический элемент И 9, причем выход источника 1 энергии через последовательно соединенные неуправляемый .'преобразователь 2 и управляемый преобразователь 3 соединен с нагрузкой 6, управляемый вход управляемого преобразователя 3 соединен с выходом блока 4 управления преобразователем и управляемым входом блока 5 контроля и измерения, информационный вход которого соединен с выходом датчика тока'7.The electrical installation contains an energy source controlled by a conversion. 2, controlled converter 3,. 4. converter control unit ^ control and measurement unit 5, load 6, rock sensors 7 and 8, if necessary, logic element 9, and the output of the energy source 1 through series-connected uncontrolled. 'converter 2 and the controlled converter 3 is connected to the load 6, the controlled input of the controlled converter 3 is connected to the output of the converter control unit 4 and the controlled input of the control and measurement unit 5, the information input of which is connected to the output of the current sensor 7.

При необходимости (фиг. 2) выход датчика тока 8,через логический элемент И 9 соединен с управляемым входом блока контроля и измерения 5, второй вход логического элемента И 9 подсоединен к выходу блока 4 управления преобразователем.If necessary (Fig. 2), the output of the current sensor 8, through the AND 9 logic element, is connected to the controlled input of the control and measurement unit 5, the second input of the And 9 logic element is connected to the output of the converter control unit 4.

При нахождении в составе блока контроля и измерения 5 источника оперативного напряжения один из выходов блока контроля и измерения соединен с полюсом (фазой)электроустановки .When the operating voltage source is in the control and measurement unit 5, one of the outputs of the control and measurement unit is connected to the pole (phase) of the electrical installation.

Электроустановка работает, следующим образом.Electrical installation works as follows.

Для получения информации о контролируемом параметре, например величине эквивалентного сопротивления изоляции электроустановки по отношению к корпусу, сигналы управления с выхода блока управления преобразователем одновременно поступают на управля- 5 емый вход управляемого преобразователя 3 и управляемый вход блока контроля и измерения 5, приводя ёго в рабочее состояние ^либо давая разрешение на выдачу информации, только в мо™. . 10 менты нахождения управляемого преобразователя, например тиристора, в проводящем состоянии).To obtain information about the controlled parameter, for example, the value of the equivalent insulation resistance of the electrical installation with respect to the housing, the control signals from the output of the converter control unit simultaneously arrive at the controlled 5 input of the controlled converter 3 and the controlled input of the control and measurement unit 5, bringing it into working condition ^ or giving permission to issue information, only in my ™. . 10 cops of finding a controlled converter, such as a thyristor, in a conductive state).

В этом случае подаваемый в электроустановку ток оперативного сигна- 15 ла устройств, контролирующих изоляцию и являющихся частью блока 5 контроля и измерения, обтекает сопротивления изоляции всех полюсов (фаз) электроустановки, что обеспечивает 20 наиболее достоверные условия для измерения величины эквивалентного со' противления изоляции.In this case, the current of the operational signal supplied to the electrical installation of the devices controlling the insulation and being part of the control and measurement unit 5 flows around the insulation resistance of all poles (phases) of the electrical installation, which provides the 20 most reliable conditions for measuring the value of the equivalent insulation resistance.

Информационный сигнал носит импульсный характер и выдается на от- 25 счет после прохождения через пиковый вольтметр (или запоминающее устройство) .The information signal is of a pulsed nature and is issued to the countdown after passing through a peak voltmeter (or memory device).

При необходимости обеспечения более высокой достоверности за счет 30 контроля’также и работы управляемого . преобразователя 3 (фиг. 2) разрешач ющие сигналы на управляемый вход блока 5 контроля и измерения пода- . ются через логический элемент И 9 и 35 с выходов блока 4 управления преобразователем и выхода датчика 8 тока.If necessary, to ensure higher reliability due to 30 control’s and the work of the controlled. transducer 3 (Fig. 2) enabling signals to the controlled input of control and measurement unit 5 are supplied. They are transmitted through the logic element AND 9 and 35 from the outputs of the converter control unit 4 and the output of the current sensor 8.

При разновременном управлении не- ⁴⁰сколькими управляемыми- преобразова- телями, например тиристорами, размещающий сигнал на блок 5 контроля и измерения может выдаваться через логический элемент И 9 в момент, когда ⁴⁵все тиристоры открыты.At different times ⁴⁰ Number of non-management upravlyaemymi- telyami transformation, e.g. thyristors accommodating unit 5 to signal the control and measurement can be output through the AND gate 9 at the time when all the thyristors ⁴⁵ are visible.

Предлагаемая установка используется для контроля и измерения параметров электрических сетей путе^ получения информации о максимальных величинах потребляемого тока в электрических сетях, понижениях (подсадках) напряжения и т.д.The proposed installation is used to control and measure the parameters of power grids to obtain information on the maximum values of current consumption in power grids, voltage drops (drops), etc.

Технико-экономический эффект изобретения состоит в повышении пожарои Апектробезопасности объектов, на которых расположены электроустановки за счет получения более достоверной информации.The technical and economic effect of the invention is to increase the fire safety of the facilities for the safety of facilities where electrical installations are located by obtaining more reliable information.

Claims

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to the construction of mixed-type electrical installations containing alternating current networks. The known electrical installation, which contains AC and DC networks, which include non-adjustable and controlled valve converters, converter control units, control and measurement blocks common to the above ceTeHUJ. The disadvantage of this electrical installation is relatively low accuracy of control and measurement of some parameters in mixed electric networks, for example, the equivalent equivalent insulation resistance, capacitance relative to the housing, dielectric loss tangent in the insulation, etc. d., due to the fact that the control unit and the measurement of these parameters, the operation continuously or periodically, receives information about a certain random or average value of the parameter. This is due to the fact that in the process of monitoring and measuring, during operation of controlled transducers (thyristors), for example, the value of the equivalent insulation resistance of the entire network determined by the operational signal supplied to the electrical network from an external source of energy will be fixed differently depending on from the presence of a controlled converter (thyristor) in a conducting or non-conducting state. in biased AC-DC networks containing uncontrolled and controlled valve converters, when the controlled converter (thyristor) is in a non-conducting state, the operational signal current flows around the insulation resistance of the phases of the AC network and the insulation resistance of one of the poles DC network. When the controlled converter (thyristor) is in the open state, the operating signal current additionally flows around the parallel resistance for the said insulation resistance to the insulation of the other pole of the DC network. Naturally, the measurement results in either case are different. In addition, in various operating modes, the controlled transducer (thyristor) is opened at different phase angles, and therefore even if the measured information is averaged (or integrated from one constant time) The measurement results with the same actually existing equivalent insulation resistance of the insulation installation are different, which can result in monitoring the value of the equivalent insulation resistance to an erroneous, usually high, information (: because during the period when the thyristor is in the closed state, the result of the control is high). This leads to incorrect estimates and a decrease in the reliability and reliability of controls. The closest technical solution is an electrical installation containing AC and DC networks, which include uncontrolled and controlled converters, load, converter control blocks, and monitoring and measurement blocks with said sensors ( voltage) G2J. This electrical installation is CEECAWN the same drawbacks as the electrical installation Vls, although it already has the maximum permissible current consumption values of the cores, fixed by the control unit are compared (by the operator) with tabular data characterizing the consumption currents depending on the number of working rectifier bridges. fidelity of control and measurement of electrical network parameters. This goal is achieved by the fact that in an electrical installation containing AC and DC networks, which include uncontrolled and controlled valve converters, the control units of these converters, common for the above-mentioned networks, the control and measurement unit, the output 54 transducer control blocks are connected to the control input of the block: control and measurement. In addition, if it is necessary to provide even higher accuracy, the installation is equipped with a current sensor and a logic element, with the current sensor connected between the converter and the load and connected to the control input of the monitoring and measurement unit through the logic element I, the second input of which is connected to the output of the control unit converter. Achieving this goal is due to the fact that synchronization of monitoring and measurement (or the issuance of measurement information) with the mode of operation that provides the most reliable information about the monitored parameter is carried out. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 depicts embodiments of the electrical installation. The electrical installation contains an energy source 1, a controlled converter 2, a controlled converter 3,, a converter control unit 4., a control and measurement unit 5, a load 6, sensors jroKa 7 and 8, and, if necessary, an AND 9 logic element, and source output 1 energy through serially connected uncontrolled converter 2 and controlled converter 3 is connected to load 6, controlled input of controlled converter 3 is connected to output of control converter block 4 and control input of control block 5 and Merényi having an information input coupled to an output toka7 sensor. If necessary (Fig. 2), the output of the current sensor 8, through the logic element And 9 is connected to the control input of the control and measurement unit 5, the second input of the logic element And 9 is connected to the output of the control unit 4 of the converter. While in the control and measurement unit 5, the source of operating voltage, one of the outputs of the control and measurement unit is connected to the pole (phase) of the electrical installation. Electrical installation works as follows. To obtain information about the parameter being monitored, for example, the equivalent insulation resistance of the electrical installation with respect to the housing, control signals from the output and control unit of the converter 4 simultaneously arrive at the controlled input of the controlled converter 3 and the controlled input of the control unit and measurement 5 , bringing it to the workplace, once the authorization was given for issuing information, only in MOW were the copied transducer, for example, a thyristor, in a conducting state). In this case, the current of the operational signal supplied to the electrical installation by the devices controlling the insulation and being part of the control and measuring unit 5 flows around the insulation resistance of all poles (phases) of the electrical installation, which provides the most reliable conditions for measuring the value of equivalent resistance isolation The information signal is pulsed in nature and is delivered to the countdown after passing through a peak voltmeter (or memory). If it is necessary to provide higher reliability due to the control also of the operation of the controlled converter 3 (Fig. 2), the enabling signals to the controlled input of the monitoring and measurement block 5 are fed through the AND 9 logic element and from the outputs of the converter control unit 4 and output sensor 8 current. When multiple controllable transducers, such as thyristors, are simultaneously controlled, the placement signal to the monitoring and measurement unit 5 can be output through the logic element 9 at the moment when all the thyristors are open. The proposed facility uses with to monitor and measure the parameter of electric networks by {4 obtaining 56 information about the maximum values of current consumed in electric networks, lowering (switching) of voltage, etc. The techno economical effect of the invention consists in increasing the fire and electrical safety of the facilities on which electrical installations are located by obtaining more reliable information. 1. Electrical installation containing AC and DC networks, which include uncontrolled and controlled valve converters, load, converter control blocks and a control and measurement unit for these networks, which is different that, in order to increase the reliability of control and parameters of electrical networks, the outputs of converter control units are connected to the control input of the control and measurement unit. 2. Electrical installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a current sensor and a logic element, And, the current sensor is connected between the controlled converter and the load and connected to the control input of the control and measurement unit element I, the second input of which is connected to the output of the converter control unit. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Borisov A.A. Features of ship gas turbine and rowing electrical installations, - Shipbuilding abroad, 1977, No. 2, p. 45.

2. Combs electrical installation with a power of 14 MW with controlled thyristor rectifiers in the main circuit. - Shipbuilding abroad, 1975, No. 3, p. 69-70.

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