SU848587A1

SU848587A1 - Ejection-type core-bottom fishing device

Info

Publication number: SU848587A1
Application number: SU792849884A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Геннадий Александрович Лисковский; Роман Семенович Яремийчук; Юрий Васильевич Дубленич
Original assignee: Ивано-Франковский Институт Нефтии Газа; Украинский Отдел Промышленных Ис-Пытаний Всесоюзного Научно-Иссле-Довательского Института Буровойтехники
Priority date: 1979-12-10
Filing date: 1979-12-10
Publication date: 1981-07-23

Description

Изобретение относится к бурению нефтяных скважин, а именно к устройствам для удаления с забоя буровой скважины крупных и мелких тел. Известен паук обратной циркуляции фирмы *’Боуэн’' (США), включающий корпус с распределительными клапанами, шламоуловитель и защелки, позволяющий осуществлять в призабойной зоне обратную циркуляцию промывочной жидкости’ 11]*The invention relates to the drilling of oil wells, and in particular to devices for removing large and small bodies from the bottom of a borehole. * ’“ Bowen ’” (USA), a reverse circulation spider, is known, including a housing with control valves, a sludge trap and latches, allowing reverse circulation of flushing fluid in the bottomhole zone ’11] *

Недостатком этого способа является невозможность регулирования промывки забоя в процессе работы в скважине . ’ 15The disadvantage of this method is the inability to control flushing of the face during operation in the well. ' fifteen

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности и достигаемому. результату является Ловитель, включающий корпус с распределительными каналами, на торце которого в 20 специальных пазах вмонтированы насадки, подпружиненную втулку с отверстиями, в верхней части которой выполнено седло под бросовый элемент, _ и. шламоуловитель с закрывающимися 25 защелками-лепестками. Подпружиненная втулка с бросовым элементом предназначена для обеспечения прямой и обратной циркуляций в скважинеС При прямой циркуляции подпружиненная втул-30 ка находится в крайнем верхнем положении и перекрывает боковые окна в корпусе. Для изменения направления циркуляции в полость труб бросают пробку, которая перекрывает седло и опускает втулку в крайнее нижнее положение. При этом боковые окна корпуса открыты и поток промывочной жидкости направляется в кольцевой продольный канал,создавая местную обратную циркуляцию[2].Closest to the proposed technical essence and achieved. the result is a catcher, including a housing with distribution channels, on the end of which nozzles are mounted in 20 special grooves, a spring-loaded sleeve with holes, in the upper part of which a saddle is made for a throw element, _ and. sludge trap with lockable 25 petal latches. A spring-loaded sleeve with a thrown element is designed to provide direct and reverse circulation in the well. With direct circulation, the spring-loaded sleeve-30 ka is in its highest position and overlaps the side windows in the housing. To change the direction of circulation, a stopper is thrown into the pipe cavity, which overlaps the saddle and lowers the sleeve to its lowest position. In this case, the side windows of the casing are open and the flow of flushing fluid is directed into the annular longitudinal channel, creating local reverse circulation [2].

Недостаток известного ловителя заключается в том, что для восстановления прямой циркуляции пробку из скважины необходимо извлекать, не- . производительно затратив на это определенное время. Кроме того, при интенсивной местной обратной циркуляции прёмывочной жидкости, создаваемой ловителем, возможен завал затрубного пространства обвалившейся горной породой, вызывающий прихват бурильного инструмента. Отсутствие возможности оперативного перехода на прямую циркуляцию для вымывания обвалившейся породы ведет к усугублению аварии, дополнительным затратам времени и средств на ее ликвидацию.A disadvantage of the known catcher is that to restore direct circulation, the cork from the well must be removed, not. spending productive time on it. In addition, with intensive local reverse circulation of the flushing fluid created by the catcher, the annulus of the collapsed rock may be blocked, causing the tool to seize. The lack of the ability to quickly switch to direct circulation for washing out a crumbling rock leads to an aggravation of the accident, additional time and money for its elimination.

Цель изобретения — повышение эффективности работы за счет сокращения времени перевода ловителя с режима прямой циркуляции на обратную й наоборот.The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency by reducing the time of the transfer of the catcher from direct circulation to reverse and vice versa.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что эжекционный забойный ловитель снабжен подпружиненным золотниковым кца- г паном, расположенным в верхней части втулки. При этом втулка установлена в корпусе на шлицевом соединении·.This goal is achieved by the fact that the ejection downhole catcher is equipped with a spring-loaded spool ktsagan located in the upper part of the sleeve. In this case, the sleeve is installed in the housing on the spline connection ·.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображен предлагаемый ловитель, разрез; на Фиг. 2 — сечение по А-А на фиг. 1; на фиГ. 3 — сечение по Б—Б на фиг. 1.In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed catcher, section; in FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. 1; on fiG. 3 is a section along BB in FIG. 1.

Эжекционный забойный ловитель содержит трубчатый толстостенный корпус 1, к которому присоединены переходник 2 с присоединительной резьбой 15 к бурильным трубам в верхней Части и шламоуловитель 3 в виде переходника с внутренней полостью для сбора шлама, соединенный с буровым .наконечником 4. В стенке корпуса 1 размеще- 20 ны эжекционные сопла 5 и выполнены перепускные отверстия 6.Внутри корпуса 1 расположены фильтр 7 , самозакрывающиеся защелки-лепестки 8, втулка 9, поджатая пружиной ГО. В верхней части втулки 9 расположен золотниковый клапан 11, поджатый пружиной 12.The downhole ejection catcher contains a thick-walled tubular casing 1, to which an adapter 2 with a connecting thread 15 is attached to the drill pipes in the upper part and a sludge trap 3 in the form of an adapter with an internal cavity for collecting sludge connected to the drill bit 4. In the wall of the casing 1 20 are the ejection nozzles 5 and the bypass holes 6 are made. Inside the housing 1 there are a filter 7, self-closing latch-petals 8, a sleeve 9, preloaded by the spring GO. In the upper part of the sleeve 9 is a spool valve 11, preloaded by a spring 12.

Подвижный клапан 11 имеет промывочные окна 13, а'втулка 9 - промывочные каналы 14 и перепускные отверстия 15. Втулка 9 соединена с корпу- 30 .сом 1 на шлицевом соединении 16.The movable valve 11 has flushing windows 13, and the sleeve 9 has flushing channels 14 and bypass holes 15. The sleeve 9 is connected to the housing 30. With 1 on the spline connection 16.

Устройство, работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Ловитель спускается в скважину на бурильных трубах до уровня забойного 35 осадка. Подпружиненная втулка 9 при этом находится в крайнем верхнем положении, перекрывая промывочные отверстия 6 корпуса; 1 и обеспечивая прямую циркуляцию. Затем начинают до вращение колонны бурильных труб 9с ловителем и. одновременно подают в бурильные трубы промывочную жидкость, которая’, достигнув, ловителя . через промывочные окна.13 клапана 11, промывочные каналы 14 втулки 9,фильтр 7 и буровой наконечник 4 поступает на.забой скважины. После дохождения до забоя увеличивают расход промывочной жидкости, увеличивая тем самым перепад давления на клапан 11. 50The catcher descends into the well on the drill pipe to the bottomhole level of 35 sediment. The spring-loaded sleeve 9 is in its highest position, blocking the flushing holes 6 of the housing; 1 and providing direct circulation. Then, before the rotation of the drill pipe string 9c begins with a catcher and. at the same time, drilling fluid is supplied to the drill pipe, which’s reached the catcher. through flushing windows 13 of valve 11, flushing channels 14 of sleeve 9, filter 7 and drill bit 4 enters the bottom of the well. After reaching the bottom, increase the flow rate of flushing fluid, thereby increasing the pressure drop across the valve 11. 50

Клапан 11 под действием перепада давления промывочной жидкости перемещается вниз, сжимая пружину 12 и перекрывая промывочные окна.13. В результате этого втулка 9 перемещается 55 вниз, сжимая пружину 10 и перёпуская промывочную жидкость на эжекционные сопла 5. При этом перепускные отверстия 6 корпуса 1 и перепускные отверстия 15 втулки 9 совпадают. Теперь ^пР^о“,а мывочная жидкость через внутреннюю полость бурильных труб, верхний переходник 2 и эжекционные сопла 5 попадает в затрубное пространство между ловителем и стенкой скважины. За счет создания эжекционного эффекта и откачки промывочной жидкости вверх от забоя через внутреннюю полость бурового наконечника 4, шламоуловитёля. з , корпуса 1 и совмещенные отверстия.The valve 11 under the influence of the pressure drop of the flushing liquid moves down, compressing the spring 12 and blocking the flushing windows. 13. As a result of this, the sleeve 9 moves 55 downward, compressing the spring 10 and passing the flushing fluid to the ejection nozzles 5. The bypass holes 6 of the housing 1 and the bypass holes 15 of the sleeve 9 are the same. Now ⁿ P ^about , and the washing fluid through the internal cavity of the drill pipe, the upper adapter 2 and the ejection nozzle 5 enters the annulus between the trap and the wall of the well. By creating an ejection effect and pumping out the flushing fluid up from the bottom through the internal cavity of the drill bit 4, a sludge trap. h, the housing 1 and the combined holes.

и 15 призабойной зоне скважины создается интенсивная обратная циркуляция с расходом, кратно превышающим · расход жидкости, поданной на эжекционные сопла 5. Такой расход, кратно превышающий поданный в скважину, способен отрывать от поверхности забоя и .транспортировать вверх в полость ловителя весь имеющийся на забое осадок, независимо от размеров твердых тел. ^Крупные тела подают.в полость бурового наконечника 4 и удерживаются от выпадания защелками 8, а мелкие тела, пройдя, через фильтр 7 осаждаются в полости шламоуловителя 3.and 15, an intensive reverse circulation is created with a flow rate that is several times higher than the flow rate of liquid supplied to the ejection nozzles 5. Such a flow rate that is a multiple higher than that supplied to the well is capable of tearing off all the sediment available at the bottom of the face and transporting upstream into the trap cavity. , regardless of the size of solids. ^ Large bodies are fed into the cavity of the drill bit 4 and are kept from falling out by latches 8, and small bodies passing through the filter 7 are deposited in the cavity of the sludge trap 3.

В случае завала затрубного пространства обвалившейся породой для недопущения бурильного инструмента умень шают расход промывочной жидкости до тех пор, пока втулка 9 и клапан 11 занимают исходное верхнее положение, восстанавливают прямую циркуляцию и вымывают породу.In the event of collapse of the annular space with a collapsed rock to prevent the drill tool, the flow rate of the flushing fluid is reduced until the sleeve 9 and valve 11 occupy the initial upper position, restore direct circulation and wash out the rock.

Применение предлагаемого эжекционного забойного ловителя позволяет повысить эффективность забоев буровых. скважин, сократив затраты времени на дополнительные .операции при каждом рейсе ловителя, а также предупредить возможность прихвата бурильного . инструмента вследствие завала затрубного пространства обвалившейся горной породой.The use of the proposed ejection downhole catcher allows to increase the efficiency of the faces of the drilling. wells, reducing the time spent on additional .operations for each flight of the catcher, as well as to prevent the possibility of sticking the drill. tool due to obstruction of the annular space of a collapsed rock.

Claims

The invention relates to the drilling of oil wells, namely to devices for removing large and small bodies from a well bore. A Bowen (United States) reverse circulation spider is known, including a housing with distributor valves, a sludge trap, and a latch that allows reverse circulation of the flushing liquid in the bottomhole zone 111. The disadvantage of this method is that it is impossible to regulate the ttI bottom hole during operation. well water The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a safety device in a housing with distribution channels, on the end of which nozzles are mounted in special grooves, a spring-loaded sleeve with openings, in the upper part of which there is a saddle for a casting element, and. 11camps (zl with closable interlocking petals. Spring-loaded sleeve with a waste element is designed to provide direct and reverse circulation in the well. During direct circulation, the spring-loaded sleeve is in its extreme upper position and overlaps the side windows in the housing. For changing the direction of circulation. A tube is plugged into the cavity of the tube, which closes the saddle and lowers the sleeve to the lowest position, with the side windows of the body open and the flow of flushing fluid is directed to the ring al, creating a local reverse circulation 2. The disadvantage of a known trap is that it is necessary to remove the plug from the well in order to restore the direct circulation, but it is not productive to spend this particular time, in addition, with intensive local reverse circulation the liquid created by the catcher may cause a blockage of the annular space of collapsed rock causing a sticking of the drilling tool. There is no possibility of prompt transition to the direct circulation for leaching of the collapse eys rock leads to the aggravation of the accident, the additional time and zatratgm sredstv on its liquidation. The purpose of the invention is to increase the work efficiency by reducing the time for switching the catcher from the forward circulation mode to the reverse mode and vice versa. The goal is achieved by the fact that the ejection bottomhole catcher for wives is spring-loaded with spool-type KJapaN located in the upper part of the sleeve. At. this sleeve is installed in the housing on the spline connection.-. FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed catcher, section; in FIG. 2 is a section along A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section along BB in FIG. 1 The ejection bottomhole catcher contains a tubular thick-walled body 1, to which an adapter 2 with connecting thread is attached to drill pipes in the windrow part and. a sludge trap 3 in the form of an adapter with an internal cavity for collecting sludge, connected to the drill bit at the nick 4. In the wall of the casing 1 ejection nozzles 5 are scattered and the bypass holes 6 are made. , preloaded with spring GO. In the upper part of the sleeve 9 there is a spool valve 11, preloaded with spring 12. The movable valve 11 has washing windows 13, the valve 9 has washing channels 14 and bypass holes 15. Sleeve 9 is connected to the housing 1 on slotted connection 1 6.. —The device works as follows. The safety device is lowered into the well on the drill pipes to the level of the bottom hole sediment. The spring-loaded sleeve 9 is in its extreme upper position, blocking the housing bore holes: 1 and ensuring direct circulation. Then start the rotation of the drill pipe string 9c by the catcher and at the same time feeds the drilling fluid into the drill pipe, which, having reached the catcher level. through the wash windows. 13 valve 11 flushing channels 14 of the sleeve 9, the filter 7 and the drill bit 4 post: falls on the bottom of the well. After reaching the bottom, the flow-flushing fluid increases, while the pressure MfcjM increases on the valve 11. The valve 11 moves downward under the action of the differential pressure, compressing the spring 12 and overlapping the flushing windows. 13. As a result, the sleeve 9 moves downward, compressing the spring 10 and the bypass washing fluid to the ejection nozzles 5. In this case, the bypass holes 6 of the housing 1 and the bypass holes 15 of the sleeve 9 coincide. Now, the cleaning fluid rinses through the internal cavity of the drill pipe, the upper adapter 2 and the ejection nozzles 5 into the annulus between the catcher and the borehole wall. For the purpose of creating the ejection effect and pumping the washing liquid upward from the bottom through the internal cavity of the drill bit 4, the sludge trap. 3, bodies 1 and aligned openings, b and 15 in the well formation zone, intensive reverse circulation is created with a flow rate that is a multiple of the flow rate of the fluid applied to the ejection nozzles 5. This flow rate, which is a multiple of the flow rate into the well, can be torn off from the bottom surface and transported upward into the cavity of the catcher, all the sediment at the bottom, regardless of the size of the solids. The large bodies move into the cavity of the drill bit 4 and are prevented from falling out by snaps 8, and small bodies pass through the filter 7 and are deposited in the body of the sludge catcher 3. In the case of a blockage of the annular space, collapsed rock to prevent the drilling tool reduce the flow of flushing fluid until the sleeve 9 and the valve 11 occupy the initial upper position, they restore the direct circulation and wash out the rock. The use of the proposed ejection bottomhole catcher allows to increase the efficiency of downhole wells, reducing the time spent on additional operations with each trip of the catcher, as well as prevent the possibility of sticking the drill. Instrument due to a hole. Announced the space of the collapsed rock. Claims 1. Injection borehole safety device comprising a housing with distribution channels, a spring-loaded bushing with holes, a sludge trap with locking petals closing on the membrane, so that, in order to improve work efficiency by reducing the time of catcher conversion From the direct circulation mode to the reverse and vice versa, it is equipped with a spring-loaded spool valve located in the upper part of the bushing. 2. Lovitel-po-p 1 about tl and h. A -. This is because the sleeve is installed in the housing of the right-handed connections. . Sources. Information taken into account in the examination. 1.Catalogue company Boweh, -. (United States), 1972-73, p. 654.. ;

2.Akopov.E.A. Cleaning: Deep hole faces. M., Nedra, 19.70, p. 113 (prototype).