SU842126A1 - Device for measuring layer-wise deformation of soil - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR MEASURING LAYER-SOIL DEFORMATIONS

I

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to the mechanics of soils, and is intended to measure the layer-by-layer deformations of a non-contact method.

A device for measuring layer-by-layer deformations of the soil is known, which includes a stamp, telescopic tubes with marks made with a helical blade, and measuring devices 1 j.

The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of strain measurements. .

The closest to the invention to the technical essence and the achieved result is a device for measuring layer-by-layer deformations of the ground, including ring marks with slots on the ends, an inventory rod with a tip, an irregular device and sensors 2.

A disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of soil deformation measurements.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurements of layer-by-layer deformations of the soil.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the known device for

2

measurements of layer-by-layer deformations of the soil, including ring marks with slots on the ends, an inverting rod with a tip, a measuring device and sensors, equipped with a sealed tube with an electrical connector, inside which the gauges are installed, and ring magnets installed in the marks,

o each sensor with one end connected to the housing of the sealed tube, and the other end with one of the contacts of the electrical connector. At the same time, cuts are made on the lateral surface of the ring mark, the slots are located on the upper part of the ends of the ring marks, and the tip of the inventory rod has pins on the side surface.

FIG. Figure 1 shows schematically the proposed device, a cut and a fragment of the foundation on which it is installed, the upper sensor is out of action of the ring magnet floor.

5 marks and its contacts are open, and the two lower sensors are in the field of action of the field of the ring mark magnets. And under its influence their contacts are closed; in FIG. 2, 0, of the inventory rod n and tip, aligned with the longitudinal section; FIG. 3 shows an annular mark combined with a longitudinal section; in fig. 4 - ring mark, UD from above; Fig. 5 shows a segment of an invert rod and ring marks on it with a prancing point (m section, general view, rotating blades of the upper mark are not in open position, since they do not coincide with the slots on the front of the rod , - and the rotary blades of the lower mark are aligned with the slotted rod and are in the closed position; Fig. 6 - section A-A in Fig. 5; fig. 7 - section B-B in Fig. 5, Device for measuring layered deformations, soil includes annular marks 1, invertarny sht. GU 2 with a tip 3, measuring device 4, sensors 5 in the form of g The sealed magnetic contacts and a current source 6 with a signal lamp 7, Stamps 1 on the lower ends of the inner side are equipped with ring cages 8, and the outer side has annular chamfers 9. The side surfaces of the brand are also provided with notches 10 that have wide-edged edges with rounding mi and in its middle part are connected sotsts1 and 11 at the upper ends of the Marks, and in slots x 12 they have pivoting blades 13 with rounded sections 14 at. rotation axes 15. The inventory rod 2 is made in the form of a pipe with slots 16 on the side surface and a hole 17 in the bottom. its parts, Jakonechnik 3 is made in / as a solid cylinder and is removable. On the side surface in the lower part it has pins 18, and in the upper part there is a threaded hole 19. In the cavity of the tubular rod 2, the tip is fastened with a screw 20 through the opening 17 in its lower part. The measuring device 4 has a kremalyeru 21 and a nonius 22, and a flange 23 is installed on the upper end of the sleeve 24 of the foundation 25, the base of which measures the deformations of the soil layers, in contact with the marks 1 installed in the well 26 below it. The sensors 5 are enclosed in a sealed tube 27 of a non-magnetic conductor of the mineral material, which in the upper part is equipped with an electrical connector 28 and has a scale 29 combined with a nonius 22 of the measuring device 4. by means of an insulated wire 32 is connected with one contact on an electrical connector 28 from its inner side. A current source 6 with a signal lamp 7, for example, a flashlight, is closed by means of wire 31 to a measuring body. about adaptable 4 and wire 32 may be connected to the terminals of electrical connector 28 from its outside. The device operates as follows: Ring marks 1 with open rotary blades 13 are worn. on the inventory rod 2 and with the required pitch for research, they are fixed on it by inserting the blades 13 when they are closed in the corresponding slots 16 on its lateral surface. In this position, the rotary blades 13 do not protrude support planes firmly hold them on the rod 2. In this form, the inventory rod 2 with annular marks 1 attached to it is lowered into the well 26, the walls of which are prevented from being damaged by annular chamfers 9 on the lower ends of the stamps 1, At the required depth, the inventory rod 2 is rotated clockwise and its walls eject 12 marks 1 of the slots 12 rotary blades 13, insert them into the walls of the borehole 26. and are firmly fixed therein, freeing the inventory rod 2, which is then freely removed to the outside. If it is necessary to introduce the rotary blades 13 of the marks 1 to a great depth, they are submerged into the walls of the well of the 26 wells 1. The inventory rod 2 is equipped with a tip 3 and inserted into the well 26 up to the stop with the pins 18 of the tip 3 at the upper end of the brand 1 fixed in it. . Further rotation of the rod 2 with the tip 3 clockwise rotates the brand 1, inserting its blades 13 deeper into the walls of the well 26. After securing the grades 1 in the well 26 at the upper end of the sleeve 24 of the foundation 25, the measuring device 4 ., Sealed tube 27 with sensors 5 in it. One hole 26 of the ring openings is placed in a well 1, 26. One sensor 5 is placed over each brand 1. A current source 6 with a signal lamp 7 is connected to the body of measuring device 4 by wire 31, and a wire 32 is connected to the contact of the required sensor 5 to the outer side of the electrical connector 28, the further lowering of the tube 27 with sensors 5 s is produced by the rack 21 of the measuring device 4. When the V circuit of the sensor 5 is inserted into the cavity of mark 1, then the ring the magnet 8 its contacts (sensor 5) are closed, and include a current in the circuit, which is detected by the signal lamp 7.

Upon further lowering of the tube 27, the sensor 5 comes out of the magnetic field and its contacts open, interrupting the electrical circuit. This moment is also fixed by the warning light 7. The readings at these times on a scale of 29 of the tube 27 and the vernier 22 of the measuring device 4 indicate the position of mark 1 relative to the foundation 25. .. When lifting the tube 27, the readings are taken in their respective positions again. The average position of the marks 1 relative to the foundation 25 is determined by the average value of the readings when lowering and lifting the tube 27. The absolute movement of the mark 1 is determined by taking into account the movement of the foundation 25 relative to its reference system. Similarly, the position of each brand 1 is determined at any time using the corresponding sensor S.

To reuse the device, the flange 23 of its measuring device 4 is disconnected from the guillot 24, and the tube 27 is removed and the well 26, from which the piece and ring marks 1 are removed. For this, the rod 2 is equipped with a tip 3 n and is inserted into the well 26

until it stops, the pins 18. In the upper end of the mark 1. Rotate the rod 2 to combine the 18 screws with the splines 11 and insert them into the notches 10 on the side surface of the brand 1. Further rotation of the rod 2 and mark 1 against the clock will close its rotary blades 13 behind an account of the effect of the soil reactive forces on them and injected them into the slits 12 on its side surface. When the rotary blades 13 are completely sunk into the slots x 12, the brand 1 is unimpededly removed from the well 26 and removed from the pins 18

In the course of lifting, the mark 1 is fixed on the pins 18 of the tip 3 by the ends of the cutouts 10 that are broadened upwards on its side surface. In a similar order, they are also removed and subsequent ring-shaped marks 1, which are then re-used together with other nodes of the device.

The proposed device makes it possible to use it repeatedly to measure layer-by-layer deformations of the soil in the foundations of the foundations of structures of various design schemes and functional purposes. This allows a significant reduction in labor, materials and time.

five . on the research conducted on their cost.

Claims (3)

1. Device for measuring LATERAL deformations of the soil, including annular marks with slots on the ends, inventory rod with a tip, measuring device 5 and sensors, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy measurement while simplifying the design, it is supplied with a sealed tube With an electrical connector inside 0 of which are placed sensors, n ring magnets installed in brands, each sensor being connected with one end to a housing, a sealed tube, and the other end 5 to one of the contacts of an electrical connector. 2. The device according to claim 1, dated by the fact that cuts are made on the lateral surface of the annular m-arch, and the slots are located on the top of the ends of the ring: with marks. 3. The device in accordance with clause I, dated from the fact that the tip of the inventory rod on the lateral surface has pins. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Authors svid “2 USSR USSR 573710, cl. G 01 B, 19/16, 1971. 0 2. USSR author's certificate on the application 2612251 / 29-33, . B 02 O 1/00, 1978 (prototype).