SU841622A1 - Saw for machine felling of trees - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to equipment for forestry, in particular to tree-cutting devices. Knives for machine-cutting of trees are known, including a housing with teeth forming through sinuses, and a cutting rim with removable cutters rigidly attached to the teeth of the housing 1. The disadvantage of such knives is the occurrence of significant cutting forces, especially in the middle part, when cutting the diametral part of the tree trunk due to the clogging of the inner sinuses of the teeth of the body of the cutting chips, which causes increased friction of the knife's planes on the walls of the cut. At the same time, the need to clean the sinuses leads to forced stops and a decrease in the productivity of the logging machine as a whole. Also known is the closest to the technical essence of the invention, a knife for machine cutting of trees, comprising a housing and a cutting rim attached to it, made in the form of removable cutters 2 rigidly connected to each other. In this knife the ends of the cutting rim are provided with hinged supports for to the body and to the lever sprung in the plane of cutting, which somewhat reduces the cutting force and improves the operating conditions. However, during the operation of this knife, considerable efforts also occur in its middle part, which is the most loaded at the maximum length of the cut. At the same time, the reaction force acting from the side of the tree being cut on the machine leads to a decrease in the resistance of the machine against reversal, which reduces the speed of the machine and thereby reduces its productivity. The purpose of the invention is to reduce cutting effort and increase productivity. The goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed knife is provided with a drive-driven active cutting member located in the plane of the knife, and the cutting ring is made along the length of two sections installed one relative to the other with a gap in the middle part of the knife, and the active cutting member is fixed on the knife body in the interval between the sections of the cutting rim and covers the distance between the adjacent end incisors of the sections g in the plane of the knife.

In this case, the active cutting body should be carried out in the form of a cylindrical milling cutter, whose diameter is equal to the width of the incisors of the cutting edge.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a middle part of a knife with teeth for fastening a cutting ring, top view; figure 2 - the same, side view ;. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a knife with hinged supports for a cutting ring; figure 4 (a, b, c) - scheme of the knife.

The knife for machine cutting of trees has a body 1, a cutting crown made along the length of a composite of the front 2 and rear 3 sections. They have removable cutters and are rigidly fixed to the teeth x 4 of the body 1 figure 1) or equipped with hinged bearings 5 and b .3) for mounting on the knife body 1 and on the lever 7 pivoted and sprung in the cutting plane. Sections 2 and 3 are set relative to each other with a gap in the middle part of the knife. The knife also contains an active cutting member mounted between the sections of the cutting rim in the blade plane and made in the form of, for example, a cylindrical milling cutter 8 having a diameter equal to the width h of the incisors and a length of 1 that covers the distance between adjacent end cutters 9 and 10 sections 2 and 3 of the cutting body, respectively, in the plane of the knife.

To drive the cutter 8, a hydraulic motor 11 is connected to the cutter shaft, for example, by means of a taper pair, one gear of which is mounted on the drive shaft of the hydraulic motor, and the second on a shaft made in one piece with the cutter, while the shaft-cutter is installed in subtypes mounted in the groove of the cluster 1 knife.

The operation of the described knife for machine cutting of trees is carried out as follows.

Attached to the base machine by means of a suspension mechanism that compensates for the relative movements of the machine and the knife, the machine code knife (leading the crown section 2 to the tree 12. With further movement, the tree is successively cut first by the cutting section head 2 (fig.4a) and then in the middle parts of the knife with the maximum length of the cut - the active cutting body, in particular the cutter 8 (fig.4b), followed by the rear section 3 of the cutting ring (figv), the technical positive effect of the present invention is that The middle part of the knife with the maximum length of the cut is power. O cutting with the cutters of the passive type is accompanied by considerable efforts developed by the thrust of the base machine, is replaced by cutting with an active organ, for example, a cutter driven by a hydraulic motor. the reaction forces acting on the side of the cut tree on the machine. This allows you to increase the resistance of the tire ma

the speed of its movement and thereby increase productivity by 15-20%.

Claims (2)

1. A machine cut for cutting trees, including a body and a cutting rim attached to it, made in the form of rigidly connected removable cutters, which, in order to reduce cutting forces and increase productivity, the knife equipped with a drive active cutting body located in the plane. bone cutter, and the cutting crown is made along the length of a composite of two sections installed one relative to the other with a gap in the middle part of the knife, with the active cutting member secured to the knife body in the gap between the sections of the cutting crown and closes the distance between the adjacent end sections in the plane of the knife. 2. The knife according to Clause 1, distinguished by the fact that the active cutting body is made in the form of a cylindrical cutter, whose diameter is equal to the width cutting incisors incisors. Sources of information taken into account in the examination . 1. USSR author's certificate 249836, cl. A 01 G 23/08, 1967. 2. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 2543339 / 29-15, cl. A 01 G 23/08, 1977.