SU84057A1 - Goniometric surveying tool - Google Patents

Description

The well-known surveying tools for the production of low-accuracy surveys, equipped with a double-image optical rangefinder with a constant parallax angle and a variable base with the tool, have the disadvantage that surveying work with them is difficult and slow.

The proposed tool differs from the known ones in that the mobile penta-prism of the range finder and its optical wedge are connected with shuffle, ayush, their lead screw, connected by a transmission with the impulse drum of the range finder: the range finder is enclosed in a hermetic casing with a window closed with a plane-parallel plate on which the rangefinder scale is applied; The optical magnifier of the range finder is mounted on the lever, which interacts with the conversion fork, seat, on the coupling of the key shaft, turned by the control drum. For the purpose of sighting on inaccessible and dangerous places of mine workings, the tool is equipped with a searchlight to illuminate the observed points. This allows you to significantly simplify and accelerate the implementation of surveying work.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a goniometric surveying tool from the side of the telescope; in fig. 2 - sectional view of the tool.

The rangefinder housing 1 (Fig. 1) is mounted on a horizontal axis of rotation 2.

Inside the case are enclosed all the optical parts of the rangefinder and its mechanism. Outward, only the leading 3 and successive 4 drums are brought out.

The distance measuring device is hermetically closed in the case. The front of the case is covered by a protective glass through which the sighting rays pass.

For sighting, a range finder tube 5 is used.

No. 84057-2 -

The eccentric position of the telescope allows, at the central course, the sighting tubes to sight at very large angles of inclination, reaching 85 ° at one position of the circle and 60 at the other.

The tool is equipped with vertical and horizontal circles 6 and 7 with the cost of dividing each 1 °. The readings in circles are taken with the naked eye with an estimate of tenths of a degree division.

Both circles are equipped with micro-clamping devices 8, 9 and 10, and the horizontal circle has two such devices, which allows measuring angles using the new method. The clamps of the micro-clamping devices of the horizontal Circle serve as its protective cover. Only a narrow 11 with a knurled surface is brought out, and the observer has the ability to set a zero count before measuring angles by hand.

The stationary part of the instrument is connected to the alidade through a radial-stop bulk ball bearing, which is the vertical axis of the vra, of the instrument.

The tool is suspended on the console 12, on which it is fixed by means of a nut /.

The optical scheme of the tool range finder consists of two pentaprisms 14–15, dah prisms 16, a glass wedge 17, a protective plane-parallel plate 18, a reading magnifier 19, and a sighting tube, in which the reticle mesh is replaced by biprism.

The variable basis of the range finder is located in the collision plane passing through the vertical axis of rotation of the instrument. It is formed by penta-prisms, one of which is fixed in the case motionless at the level of the horizontal axis of rotation, and the second can move along the base and thereby change its length.

Moving the movable non-prism is performed by turning the target drum 3, which rotates the spindle 22 through the notched arm 20 and 21, on which the brace 23 of this penta prism is mounted. The bracket carrier slide slides this along the dovetail guides.

The reading loop is switched on and off by turning the control drum 4, which turns the key shaft parallel to the spindle through the gear pair 24 and 25.

This va; geek is connected to the lever рыч 26 of the moon via a conversion fork 27, which is rigidly fastened to the coupling 28, which slides but the roller together with the bracket 23.

When turning the drum 4, the fork 27 presses the finger 29 of the lever 26, transfers the latter and turns off the magnifying glass from the optical system or, on the contrary, turns it on.

Penta-prisms do not lie in a collimation station. and a few are displaced from it in different directions, which makes it possible to separate rays into the pipe separately, but not through a different basis. The rays are reflected by non-prism iodine at a right angle and go down to dahnriz-me, which directs them into the tube, simultaneously turning the image 180 °.

In the focal plane, two direct images of object space are obtained. Due to the presence of a biprisal web whose edge is located parallel to the baseline, the two images are clearly demarcated from the flue vertically by a line of two fronts. With an arbitrary position of the moving non-prism, both null images are shifted relative to each other along the dividing line.

The position of the mobile penta-prism is placed in the stack: the Kli 77 deflects the rays passing through this end of the base and thus creates a constant parallax angle L. Thanks to the wedge, the rays that are not located under the upper edge of the base fall. my angle to it, and at an angle of 90 ° - l. Therefore, the corresponding half-image gets an additional upward vertical shift.

The overall magnitude of the shift depends on the distance of the signal to which it is sighted and on the distance between the penta-prisms. If the moving penta prism is moved along the base, then the right half-image will move along the dividing line and the amount of shift will change.

On the basis of this, it is possible to find such a position for a mobile pentaprism in which both half-images will be a continuation of each other, i.e. they will give one complete image of the signal. This will occur when the vertex of the parallax angle exactly matches the signal.

The range of the instrument scale is applied on the inner surface of the protective glass. The readout is taken through the same telescope used during sighting. However, in order to see the scale, it is necessary to include in the optical system a reading magnifier 19, which, like the optical wedge, is located on the same arm 23 with a mobile pento-prism and moves with it along the base.

Introduction and removal of a reading loop into the optical system is done mechanically when the drum is rotated.

To measure the distance to an object, the observer must:

1) rotating the drum 3 to combine the half-image so that you get one complete image of the object;

2) turn the drum 4 clockwise approximately 1/2 turn to obtain a characteristic sound indicating the inclusion of a reading magnifier in the optical system. Then one of the half-images of the object disappears and, instead of him, along a distance of a distance-measuring scale;

3) read the countdown on the distance meter, using horizontal grid, as an index. This reading will give the value of the measured distance immediately in meters.

For shooting inaccessible places in dark workings, the tool is equipped with a searchlight, which projects the light mark on the point of interest and allows you to quickly get it in polar coordinates.

Subject invention

Claims (4)

1. An agglomerate marking tool with horizontal and vertical circles and a double-view range finder with a constant parallax angle and a variable base with the tool, characterized in that the mobile penta-prism of the range-finder and the optical wedge are connected to a moving propeller connected by transmission with drum range finder. 2. An ambient meter-marking tool according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that in order to be able to turn off the reading magnifier of the range finder from the optical system of the latter, it is mounted on a lever that interacts with a conversion fork, which sits on a coupling of a spindle roller, turned by a control drum. 3. Uglomer Markshadersky tool for PP. 1-2, characterized in that the range finder is enclosed in a hermetic casing with window, closed flat-parallel plastppkoi, which marked rangefinder scale. 4. Goniometric surveying tool for PP. 1-3, distinguished by the fact that, with the aim of sighting on impregnable and dangerous places of mine workings, it is equipped with a searchlight for designing light marks on sighted points. L // FIG I - Rig.2