SU839488A1 - Device for psychological investigations - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

one

The invention relates to medical technology and can be used for diagnostic purposes.

A device for psychological studies is known, comprising a control and synchronization unit, an experimenter's console, a test panel, an encoder, a first stimulus unit, a response time measurement unit, an error highlighting unit, a recording unit, a predetermined stimulus sequence setting unit, and the control and synchronization unit connected to the unit for specifying the length of the required sequence of stimuli, the experimenter's console, the panel of the test person and the measuring unit of reaction time, the console of the test connection with the experimenter's console, a time measuring unit and an error highlighting block, and through an encoder — with a recording unit, an error block and an experimenter's remote controller, the latter is also connected to a unit for specifying the length of the presented sequence of stimuli, an error highlighting unit remote experimenter.

However, the known device does not allow evaluating the assimilation abilities of the probable subjects. structures.

The purpose of the invention is to assess a person's ability to probabilistic prediction by examining the ability to assimilate the probabilistic structure of the environment and the optimal use of knowledge about the structure of the environment to organize response activities.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for psychological research, containing 6JioK control and synchronization, the experimenter's console, the test console, the encoder, the first stimulus block, the response time measurement block, the error highlighting block, the recording block, the block

0 set the length of the presented sequence of stimuli, and the control and synchronization unit is connected to the block specifying the length of the presented sequence of stimuli, the console

5 of the experimenter, the panel of the test subject and the reaction time measurement unit, the test subject’s console is connected to the experimenter’s console, the reaction time measurement unit and the error control unit, and through the encoder

the recording unit, the error highlighting unit and the experimenter's console, the latter is also connected to the length specification of the presented sequence of stimuli, the error highlighting block is connected to the registration unit and the experimenter's remote control, it has a block of mutual correlation changes: stimuli presentation moments, an operational memory block t, the random number sensor, the second stimulus block, the random number sensor being connected to the output of the control and synchronization block and to the input of the change block of the mutual correlation of stimuli, the outputs of the latter are connected to the stimulus blocks and the error selection block, and through the response time measurement block with the recorder, the memory block is connected to the block for setting the length of the presented stimuli and the block for changing the mutual correlation of the instants of stimulus presentation, the latter also interconnected.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed device.

The device for psychological research includes the experimenter's console 1, the test controller 2, the encoder 3, the block 4 specifies the length of the presented sequence of stimuli, the indicator 5 of the number of stimuli, the sensor b random numbers, the block 7 of the RAM, the block 3 changes the mutual correlation of the moments presented stimuli, the first stimulus block 9, the second block 10 st1u5lov, the block 11 measuring the response time, the block 12 highlighting errors, block 13 registration, block 14 controls and synchronization.,

Block 4 of the task length The stimulus sequence includes a comparison node 15, a switching node 16, and a counter 17.

The unit 8 for changing the mutual correlation of the moments of presentation of stimuli includes registers 18-20, comparison circuit 21, switching circuit 22 digital selector 23, decoder 24 and mask register 25. The error extracting unit 12 includes a comparison unit 26, AND 21-29f circuits AND-NOT circuit 30, NOT circuit 31, switch 32.

The registration unit 13 comprises a recorder 33, a matching node 34, an error indicator 35, an error counter 36.

The proposed device can work:

a) in the mode of probabilistic probing with the presentation of two stimuli, the first of which is selected from a certain set of stimuli, according to the probabilistic law set by the experimenter, and the second is conditionally viable depending on the first, or with the presentation of stimuli with in advance given by the experimenter by the law of the distribution of probabilities of occurrence of the latter, or with a priority reflection by the subjects of the presented sequence of stimuli;

b) in the mode of studying the reflection in the memory of a sequence of stimuli

c) in the mode of determining the patterns of presentation of incentives

The device works as follows.

Before starting work on the experimenter's console 1, set the mode of operation and record the information corresponding to the selected mode in the RAM block 7.

In the probabilistic investigation mode with the presentation of two stimuli, the first of which is selected from a certain set of stimuli according to the probabilistic law set by the experimenter, and is conditionally probable depending on the first, the response time measurement cycle takes two cycles with a certain time interval between warning and executive incentives. At the first time a precautionary one is formed, at the second time an executive one.

In the first cycle of operation, the random number sensor 6 generates a random binary number R via the signal from the control and synchronization unit 14, which, after 22 switches, enters the register 19 of the display unit 8 of the change in the mutual correlation of presentation moments. The latter converts the number R into a single signal that appears on the zth output of the decoder 24 with a probability

P (i, m, p.)

and on a command from the control and synchronization unit 14, is written into the corresponding register register 25 of the mask. In this case, one of the flip-flops to the mask register 25 goes into one state and excites the first stimulus block 9, and the stimulus exposure time is determined by the duration of the pulse arriving at the first stimulus block 9 from the control and synchronization block 14.

The presentation of this stimulus warns the subject that, after an early period of time, he is presented with a probability of

with |,. Гь, П1; рс. 1 executive incentive. The distribution codes q are stored in RAM. After presenting the first predictive stimulus, the control and synchronization unit 14 sets the registers 18–20 to the zero state and connects to the register 20 a second zone of the operational memory block 7, in which the distribution codes q are written. In the second cycle of the specified mode of operation of the device, the random number sensor 6 generates a second random number from the signal received from the control and synchronization unit 14, which through the switching circuit 22 enters the register 19 of the unit 8 of the change in the mutual correlation of the instants of stimulus presentation. The latter converts the number R as. Described. The result of the conversion; the number from the output of the register 20 rises to the address input of the digital | Selector 23, to another group of inputs of which are received c-signals from the trigger register of the mask 25. At the same time, a digital gate selector 23 receives a gate pulse from the control and timing unit 14 via bus C. If the conversion result obtained in the first cycle coincides with the result obtained in the second cycle, then a single signal appears at the output of the digital selector 23, which is fed to the second stimulus unit 10, the response time measurement unit 11 and the AND-NE circuit 30 In this case, the second stimulus unit 10 generates an executive stimulus, the exposure time of which is determined by the duration of the pulse arriving at this unit via bus C from the control and synchronization unit 14, and the response time measurement unit 11 begins to measure the time. When 2 test subjects are pressed on the console with one of the buttons for response, the test console 2 produces two signals, one of which carries information about the stimulus (such information can serve as a conventional button number) and goes to the encoder 3, and the other When any button is pressed, it comes to one of the inputs of the comparison unit 26, the AND circuits 27 and 29 of the error extractor 12, and the control and synchronization block 14. In response to this signal, which carries information about the fact that the subjects test the response button, the control and synchronization unit 14 generates a signal that arrives at the measuring unit 11, the response time and stops measuring the time. The time recorded by the reaction time measurement unit 11 is the reaction time of the subject. For block 12, error selection and block -26, the comparison signal received from the test unit 2 of the test is gating. On this signal, the comparison unit 26 compares the conditional number of the warning stimulus, which is stored in the mask register 25 with the conditional number of the button pressed by the subject. The conditional button number formed by the encoder 3 is fed to one of the inputs of the comparison unit 26. If the button number does not match the warning stimulus number, a zero signal appears at the output of comparison unit 26, which is fed to the input of the NOT 31 circuit and one of the inputs of the NAND 30 circuit of the error extractor 12. In this case, at the outputs of the circuits And 27 and 26, a single signal appears, which indicates the presence of an error made by the subject. In the case when the number of the warning stimulus coincides with the number of the button and the executive stimulus is absent, a signal with a zero level comes from the digital selector 23 to the AND-NE circuit 30 of the error extraction block 12, which leads to the appearance of a logical unit at the output of the AND circuit -NON 30 and, as a result, a single level at the output of the circuit AND 27, which indicates the reaction of the subject in the absence of an executive stimulus (false alarm). The signal at the output of the circuit And 27 occurs with any error of the subject, and the signal at the output of the circuit and 29 appears only if the number of the warning stimulus does not coincide with the number of the button under test. The error highlighting unit 12 classifies the errors of the subject. The number of errors is recorded by the counter 36 errors and the indicator shows 35 errors. The control and synchronization unit 14 controls the operation of the bus matching unit 34 and provides the recorder 33 to record the reaction time of the test person, the number of errors made by him and the numbers of the buttons / on which the subject pressed. The number of recorded parameters is determined by the experimenter, which is provided by the connection between the console 1 of the experiment.ator and the node 34 of the matching. The connection between the test console 2 and the experimenter's console 1 allows the test subject, with the permission of the experimenter, to control the rate at which the stimuli are presented and their exposure. The total number of stimuli presented to the subject sets the block 4 specifying the length of the presented sequence of stimuli. Counter 17 counts the number of cycles of operation of the device. The result from the output of the counter 17 through the switching node 16 arrives at the comparison node 15, where it is compared with the number predetermined by the experimenter and arriving at the comparison node 15 from the experimenter's console 1. If the comparison node 15 fixes the equality of the numbers arriving at the inputs, then at its output a signal appears that npcij goes to the control and synchronization unit 14 and stops the formation of stimuli. At the same time, the device is reset to the initial state.

The number of cycles of operation of the device is indicated by an indicator 5 of the number of stimuli, and through the node 34 the matching is recorded in the recorder 31.

The operation of the device in the mode of probabilistic forecasting with the presentation of stimuli with the law of probability distribution of the occurrence of the latter predetermined by the experimenter differs from the one discussed above in that there are no conditional stimuli from the output of the second stimulus block 10. The subject is presented with stimuli coming from the output of the first stimulus unit 9 with a predetermined probability, and the response time measurement unit 11 is started at the presentation of each stimulus.

A special case of probabilistic prediction research modes with the presentation of two stimuli is the mode of time variation of sensorimotor reactions, when the probability of the appearance of the i-th stimulus in the first and second cycles is set equal to one.

In the mode of studying probabilistic forecasting with the pre-reflecting by the subjects, the presented sequence of stimuli, the proposed device detects the errors of the subject to predict the occurrence of the next stimulus and measures the time of decision making.

In this mode, a strobe signal is supplied to the comparison unit 26 over the bus -C from the control and synchronization unit 14.

At the same time, the result of the comparison at the output of the comparison unit 26 is always present, and e only at the moment when the response button on the remote control 2 of the subject is pressed; The formation of incentives is the same as in the modes described above. At the moment of the occurrence of the next stimulus, 11 measures of the reaction time are included, the subject checks the correctness of his previous prediction and decides which of the stimuli appears next time, after which he presses the button with the conditional number of this stimulus on the remote control 2. The conditional number of the stimulus, which is memorized by the trigger, located in the panel of the test 2, through the encoder 3 is fed to one of the inputs of the comparison block 26.

At the same time, the test console 2 generates a second signal that appears when you press any of the buttons for entering the conditional number of the stimulus. This signal enters the control and synchronization unit 14, which in turn sends a pulse to the response time measurement unit 11, which stops measuring the time. The value recorded by the response time measurement unit 11 is the decision time taken by the subject. When the next stimulus appears, the comparison unit 26 compares the conditional number of the stimulus selected by the subject with the conditional number of the highest stimulus that goes to the comparison unit 26 from the output of the mask register 25. If the conditional stimulus numbers do not match, the comparison unit 26 produces a zero signal, leads to the appearance of a single-level signal at the output of the NOT circuit 31 of an error allocation block 12. Simultaneously with the appearance of the stimulus, the control and synchronization unit 14 sends a signal to the AND 28 circuit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the HE 31 circuit. At the output of the AND 28 circuit, a single signal appears indicating the test subject's error. Through the switch 32, this signal enters the counter 36 errors and the indicator 35 errors.

In the mode of studying the reflection in the memory of a sequence of stimuli, the device for psychological research first generates a series of stimuli, and then, when the subject reproduces it, fixes the errors of the subject and measures the time he spent playing the series.

The operative memory unit 7 in this case serves to memorize the law of distribution of stimuli in a series for storing the presented series to the subject.

The experimenter from the remote controller 1 of the experimenter, through the control and synchronization unit 14, writes on the bus C to the operational memory unit 7 the law of distribution of stimuli in a series, sets the rate of stimulus presentation, exposure and the number of stimuli in a series. The last from the experimenter's console 1 arrives at the node 15 comparing the block 4 specifying the length of the presented sequence of stimuli. During the time of presentation of the test stimulus to the examinee, the C bus sends a zero signal to the AND 28 circuit. Comparison unit 26 on bus C receives a single level signal

Claims (1)

After switching on the device, a random number sensor 6 generates a number, which in block 8 changes the mutual correlation of the instants of presentation of stimuli is converted into a number. according to the principle / considered for the first of the examined modes of probabilistic probing with the presentation of two stimuli. The resulting number, through the mask register 25, goes to the first block 9 of stimuli. At the exit of the latter, a stimulus appears. The digital selector 23 is locked with a zero signal at the same time, coming through the bus C. The response time measurement unit 11 is turned off. This is a number. from register 20 enters memory block 7. The number entry address is generated by a counter 17, which counts the number of ticks, each of which forms a signal. From the output of the counter 17, the number of stimuli through the node 16 of the switch goes to the node 15 of comparison to the other input of which from the panel 1 of the experimenter receives the number specified by the experimenter. If the comparison node 15 fixes the equality of numbers, then a signal appears at its output, which goes to the control and synchronization unit 14 and stops the batching process. At the same time, the control and synchronization unit 14 outputs to the digital selector 23 via bus C a single signal. Since the same number is fed to both inputs of the digital selector 23, a single signal is produced at its output, which turns on the response time measurement unit 11 and excites the second stimulus unit 10. In this case, the response time measurement unit 11 begins to measure time, and the second stimulus unit 10 generates a conditional stimulus, which in this case serves for the subject to signal the start of reproduction of the series. At the time of the occurrence of this signal, the counter 17 is brought to its initial state by a command from the control and synchronization unit 14. The length of the series can be set randomly. For this, the experimenter, using the experimenter's console 1, through the control and synchronization unit 14 sets the switch node 16 to receive information from the output of register 20 and dials the binary code of one of the possible numbers H on the remote control. With this image. The numbers in the register 20 through the switching node 16 arrive at the comparison node 15, where they are compared with the number given by the experimenter. If the comparison node 15 fixes the equality of numbers, then a signal is generated at its output, which is fed into the control and synchronization unit 14 and stops forming a series. The length of the series in this case depends on the probability of occurrence of the given number 1,. After presenting the series, the test plays it, pressing the buttons on the remote control 2 of the test. When the subjects test a button, the button corresponding to the desired stimulus, the number of the stimulus is converted by the encoder 3 into a binary code and fed to the comparison block 2§. At the same time, the test console 2 generates a second signal, which appears when you press any of the buttons, designed to select stimuli. The second signal enters the control and timing unit 14. The latter, in turn, sends a pulse to the input of counter 17, and then issues a command to read one number from 7 RAM. The address of the number, when written, forms the counter 17. It provides the reading of the numbers I-. in the order of their record. The read number from the RAM block 7 goes directly to the register 20, then through the de-allocator 24 and the mask register 25 enters the first stimulus block 9 and the comparison block 26. If the 1st stimulus reproduced by the subjects does not correspond to the code recorded in the jth cell of the RAM block 7, the comparison unit 26 generates a zero signal, which results in a single level at the output of the HE circuit 31 of the error extractor 12. At the same time, a single signal from the control and synchronization unit 14 is supplied to the circuit 28 AND from the bus C. At the output of circuit 28, a single signal appears indicating that there is an error in the actions of the test subject, which through the switch 32 enters the error counter 36 and the error indicator 35. The end of the reproduction, a series of stimuli, the subject notes by pressing the button specially provided for this, located on the panel 2 of the subject. The signal from this button goes to the response time measurement unit .11 and the control and synchronization unit 14. At the same time, the measurement of the playback time of a series of stimuli is stopped, and the node 34 for matching bus C from the control and synchronization unit 14 receives permission for the registrar to register the recorded reproduction time of the series of stimuli, the number of errors made by him and the number of reproduced stimuli. In the mode of determining the patterns of presentation of stimuli, the device for psychological research transforms, according to the law set by the experimenter, the stimuli introduced to the subject, each of which corresponds to its own, upon pressing which a conditioned stimulus number is generated. In this mode, the switching circuit 22 is set to receive numbers from the output of the encoder 3, which are considered random. The law of transformation of these numbers is given in the form of a matrix of transition probabilities. The tempo generator in the control and synchronization unit 14 is turned off, and a zero level signal is sent to the second stimulus block via bus C. When the button corresponding to the input stimulus is pressed, the conditional number of the stimulus is translated by the encoder 3 into a binary code and fed to the switch input 22 of the block 8 of the change in the mutual correlation of the instants of stimulus presentation. At the same time, the remote control 2 of the subject generates a second signal, which appears when the subject enters any stimulus. This signal enters control and synchronization unit 14 and is used there as a signal generator, i.e., via bus C causes the process of converting the number received at the input of block 8 of the change in the mutual correlation of the instants of stimulus presentation. The resulting number H through the mask register 25 goes to the first stimulus block 9, where it converts into a stimulus, and to the digital selector 23. At the same time, a single signal is received from the control selector 14 to the digital selector 23. A single signal also appears at the output of the digital selector 23, which turns on the response time measurement unit 11. After detecting the pattern of incentive conversion, the test presses the end button on the test unit 2, the signal of which is sent to the response time measurement unit 11 and the control and synchronization unit 14. In this case, the time measurement is stopped, and the node 34 of the coordination with the control and synchronization unit 14 receives the permission to register the recorded time and the number of attempts from the output of the counter 17 via bus C. Errors are not recorded in this mode. The proposed device for psychological research makes it possible to evaluate a person’s ability to probabilistic; .In forecasting by studying its ability to assimilate the probabilistic structure of the environment and the optimal use of knowledge about the structure of the environment for the organization of response activity. The invention The device for psychological studies, containing the control and synchronization unit, the experimenter's console, the test console, the encoder, the first stimulus block, the response time measurement block, the error highlighting block, the recording block, the specified sequence of stimuli length, and the control block synchronization is connected to the unit for specifying the length of the required sequence of stimuli, the experimenter's console, the panel of the test person and the unit for measuring the reaction time, the console of the subject connected to the experimenter's console, a reaction time measurement unit and an error allocation unit, and via an encoder to a registration unit, an error extraction unit and an experimenter's console, the latter is also connected to a set unit of the length of the presented sequence of stimuli; the experimenter's remote control, characterized in that, in order to assess a person’s ability for probabilistic forecasting by examining the ability to assimilate the probabilistic structure of the medium and the optimum Using knowledge of the structure of the environment for the organization of the response, it has a unit for changing the mutual correlation of the moments of presentation of stimuli, a memory unit, a random number sensor, a second stimulus unit, the random number sensor being connected to the output of the control and synchronization unit the input of the block of changes in the mutual correlation of the moments of presentation of stimuli, the outputs of the latter are connected to the blocks of stimuli and the block of error allocation, and through the block of measurement of reaction time with the recorder, the block of the main memory is connected with a block for specifying the length of a sequence of stimuli and a block for changing the mutual correlation of the moments of presentation of stimuli, the latter are also interconnected. Sources of information accepted by OO attention during the examination 1. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 204493, .- cl. A 61 B 5/16, 1964.