SU836478A1 - Apparatus for sintering polydispersed material in fluidised bed - Google Patents

Description

(54) FIRING APPLIANCE FOR POLYDISPERS MATERIAL IN A BOILER LAYER

one

The invention relates to devices for calcining a polydisperse material and can be used in the manufacture of building materials, as well as in the chemical, metallurgical and other industrial sectors.

A known device for heat treatment of bulk materials, containing cyclones connected in series by flue ducts, discharge chambers installed under cyclones, each of which is divided by a movable partition into two compartments communicating with each other in the lower part, the first compartment connected to the cyclone, the second to the outlet. l.

However, this installation can only be used to preheat bulk materials, mainly pi-like. It is incompatible to burn polydisperse material, i.e. in the first compartment it is in the state of a research institute of a dense layer and will be caked into lumps. The disadvantages of such an installation include high heat consumption. As a result of the high gas velocity, as well as the destruction of the lining of the working chambers from vibration.

A known apparatus for heat treatment of a granular material in a fluidized bed, containing a working chamber in the form of a narrow channel of a trapezoidal profile and a variable cross section, made with a blind arch, inclined toward the discharge device and divided into zones attached to the arch by vertical partitions, gas-gas. distribution grid with a ratio of length to width / 25; and a device for feeding and draining material and gas G2.

The disadvantage of this apparatus is low productivity, as dust particles entering the vertical shaft are carried away.

counter-flow of air from the process. This is also facilitated by an increase in the cross section of the working chamber in the direction opposite to the movement of the material.

- The closest technical solution to the invention is an apparatus for burning granular material in a fluidized bed, containing a working chamber with a stepped roof rising in the direction of movement of the material and gas, a gas distribution grid, partitions not reaching the gas distribution grid and separating the chamber zones, devices for the supply and removal of material and gas Gz.

The disadvantage of such an apparatus is that the gases, the passage through the gas distribution grid at the boot end of the apparatus, are in contact with the cold material. At the same time, their temperature decreases sharply. The cooled gases enter the subsequent temperature zone, which is separated from the first zone by a partition and reduce the temperature of phase 1 above the layer of material in this zone. The same thing happens in subsequent zones. Thus, the dust-like particles carried out of the layer of material are in the environment of gases having a temperature well below the temperature of the gases located under the gas distribution grid. It is theoretically and practically established that when burning expanded clay sand from clay and similar materials in a fluidized bed apparatus, the temperature of the gases under the gas distribution grid is 11001ISO C, and at the entrance to the cyclone is only 700-800 ° C. Such a temperature is not enough not only to swell, but even to burn small particles from clay and similar materials, the swelling of which begins above. Thus, due to the fact that insufficiently calcined particles are not used in production, the productivity of the apparatus decreases.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the apparatus.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in an apparatus for burning polydisperse material in a fluidized bed.

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containing a working chamber, inside which there is a gas distribution grid, partitions that do not reach the gas distribution

J lattices, devices for supplying and discharging material and gas; the working chamber is equipped with zones that divide it into zones and sequentially installed cyclones; inlets

10 of which are in the previous zone in the course of the movement of the material, and the weekend in the next, while the partitions are hinged to the bottom of the cyclones.

15 The invention is explained in the drawing, which shows a longitudinal section of the apparatus.

The device contains a working camera

IC with gas distribution grid 20 2, firebox 3 with burner 4, device

for feeding material 5, a device 6 for diverting material. Inside the working chamber close to its walls and the arch are sequentially installed

25 lined cyclones 7 with an inlet nozzle 8 and an outlet nozzle 9, partitions 10 not reaching the gas distribution grid 50-80 mm, which are attached

30 to the bottom of the cyclone using a hinge

I1 and shifted relative to the outlet nozzle 9 towards the inlet nozzle 8. The cyclones are combined with a collecting manifold 12.

The machine works as follows.

Claims (2)

The polydisperse material through the device 5 is fed into the working chamber 1 and is liquefied by hot flue gases coming from the furnace 3 through the gas distribution grid 2. Large material particles (0.6-5 mm in size) move along the gas distribution grid and are heated to the expansion temperature (1040-1060 0), after which they are discharged through device 6. Small particles of material (up to 0.6 mm in size) are removed from the fluidized bed by flue gases and flow with them into the cyclone 7 through the inlet 8. In the cyclone these particles are trapped and cher s outlet 9 receives the next temperature zone. The partitions 10 immersed in the fluidized bed and not reaching the gas distribution grid 2 by 50-80 mm allow the large particles of material to flow freely into the subsequent zone, but exclude the possibility that there is no breakthrough of gas from the subsequent zone to the previous one (the distance between the lower end of the septum and gas distribution grids of 50 mm will contribute to the retention of the material in the previous zone, and over 80 mm - to the breakthrough of gas from the subsequent zone to the other). The gas breakthrough in the upper part of the chamber is prevented by the sequential installation of cyclones adjacent to the walls and roof of the chamber. Thus, the working chamber is divided into closed zones, therefore the temperature in each subsequent zone is much higher than in the previous one. Installing cyclones in such a way that their inlets are located in the previous zone along the material movement, and the outlet in the subsequent zone facilitates the consistent and irretrievable movement of small particles from the previous zone into the subsequent, stepwise heating them to a higher temperature and swelling them in the latter in the course of the material's movement) zone (for example, when burning expanded clay sand from low-melting clay in an apparatus consisting of four zones, the temperature of the dust-like particles in the first zone will be equal to 300 ° C, the second zone is -650 ° C, in the third - 850 ° C and in the fourth -). The return of small particles from the post zone to the previous one is also impossible, which contributes to an increase in the productivity of the cyclones and the apparatus as a whole. Flue gases cleared of dust particles through the collection tank 12 from the apparatus. 86 In the case of the formation of cakes, the bulkheads 10 turn around the hinge, and speculate without stopping the apparatus, without disrupting the process. The use of an apparatus for burning a polydisperse material in a fluidized bed will make it possible to obtain a material with well burned and inflated small particles, to increase the productivity of the apparatus, to increase removal from a square meter of grid, to reduce the specific fuel consumption. Claim 1, A device for burning a polydisperse material in a fluidized bed, containing a working chamber, inside which there is a gas distribution grid, partitions that do not come to the gas distribution grid, a device for supplying and discharging material and gas, characterized in that increasing the productivity of the apparatus, the working chamber is equipped with cyclones dividing it into zones and successively installed, the inlet nozzles of which are located in the area preceding the movement of the material and subsequent, with the partitions attached to the bottom of the cyclones, 2. Apparatus pop, 1, characterized in that the partitions are pivotally attached to the bottom of the cyclones,. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Author's Certificate No. 521444, cl. F 27 B 15/00, 1974. 2, USSR Copyright Authority No. 464772, class, F 27 B 15/00, 1972. 3, USSR Author's Certificate No. 477297, CL, F 27 B 15/00, 1973. n1ShShShchZhSh1Sh ten-, one u /////////////////////// ////////////////////////// ////////% /. ( imiinfiiniiiiiiiii