SU836467A1 - Thermoelectric refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

(54) THERMOELECTRIC REFRIGERATOR

I

The invention relates to thermoelectric devices, uses: In the field of refrigeration.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the described cooler is a thermoelectric cooler containing channels limited by the outer and inner walls serving to circulate the liquid thermoelement and separated by a partition connected together with the inner wall to the current source

In the known device, despite the intermediate dielectric septum with the current-carrying insert and the subsequent separation of the flow with respect to temperature levels, a very intensive temperature equalization along the length will occur. liquid thermoelement, i.e. across the flow of thermoelectric material. In the case of a laminar mode of motion of a thermoelectric substance

this will be determined by the thermal conductivity of the fluid, and in the case of turbulent motion, by the mass transfer of matter due to the presence of a temperature gradient across the flow.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify heat exchange by ensuring optimal flow rates of the liquid thermoelement, which affect the heat input from the substance to be cooled and the heat removal from the hot junctions, and reduce heat transfer from the heat generating electrode to the heat sink.

This is achieved in that the rod is made porous.

The drawing shows the described thermoelectric refrigerator.

The refrigerator contains an outer wall 1, an inner wall electrode 2, forming channels 3, 4, separated by a partition electrode 5, having perforations 6 and connected together with wall 2 to a source 7 of constant current. The central channel 8 and channels 3 are connected to the pipes 9, 10 liters of the supply of the thermoelement, and the channels to the pipes 11, 12 for its removal. At the ends, the refrigerator is equipped with plugs 13, 14, made of asbestos-cement or mica-crystalline material.

The refrigerator works as follows.

Liquid thermoelectric material is pumped through pipes 9, 10 into channel 3 between wall 2 and partition 5, from where through the perforations of partition 5 into channel 4 between partition 5 and wall 1, and then removed through pipes 11, 12 from the refrigerator. In this case, a voltage is applied from the direct current source to the squeezing electrode, the septum electrode, so that as a result of the Peltier effect a temperature difference is created on them. On the wall-electrode 2, the heat absorbed from the cooled heat sink absorbs, and on the partition 5, heat is generated in an amount equal to that absorbed on the cold electrode, which is wall 2, plus the electrical power consumed by the refrigerator. The temperature difference between the electrodes (wall 2 and the partition 5) determines the need to change the temperature of the liquid thermoelectric material between these surfaces. In accordance with the Fourier transform, the temperature change profile in the liquid material will determine the amount of heat transferred from the hot electrode to cold Moreover, the more heat will come to the cold electrode from the hot, the less will be the amount of heat from the object being cooled, which means that the refrigeration coefficient of a thermoelectric cooler, so

like CXh

  W where P is Peltier heat absorbing

on refrigeration electrodes; O. - heat entering the heat-generating electrode due to thermal conductivity and convective motion of the thermoelectric material; W - electric applied

power.

In the described device, when purging a permeable electrode with a liquid thermoelectric material, the heat released on the hot electrode goes to heat the liquid material and is carried through the partition 5 (heat generation electrode) into the channel 4, then through the nozzles 11, 12 is removed from the refrigerator. Due to this, at sufficiently high rates of purging the liquid thermoelectric material through a perforated partition-electrode, the influx of heat to the wall-cold electrode 2 can almost completely be excluded, which will increase the efficiency of the refrigerator by 10-25%.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A thermoelectric cooler, containing channels bounded by the outer and inner walls, used to circulate the liquid thermoelement and separated by a reef, connected together with the inner wall to the current source, is due to the fact that, in order to intensify heat exchange, the partition is made porous. , /  Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Author's Certificate 545836, cl. F 25 B 21/02, 1974. to / i ff