SU824031A1

SU824031A1 - Acoustic method of flaw detection in bearings

Info

Publication number: SU824031A1
Application number: SU792801122A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Вадим Валерьянович Пряничников; Владимир Евгеньевич Третьяк; Владимир Георгиевич Щетинин
Original assignee: Куйбышевский Политехнический Институтим.B.B.Куйбышева
Priority date: 1979-07-24
Filing date: 1979-07-24
Publication date: 1981-04-23

Description

Изобретение относится к иеразрушающим испытаниям и может быть использовано для выявления дефектов типа несплошносгей в кольцах подшипников.The invention relates to destructive testing and can be used to detect defects such as discontinuities in bearing rings.

Известен магнитопорошковый способ определения дефектов, заключающийся в ⁵том, что изделие предварительно намагничивают сильным магнитным полем, затем ' помешают его в ферромагнитную суспензию и определяют наличие дефектов по концентрации ферромагнитных частиц |jQ.The known magnetic particle method for determining defects, which consists in ⁵ , that the product is pre-magnetized by a strong magnetic field, then it is “mixed” into a ferromagnetic suspension and the presence of defects is determined by the concentration of ferromagnetic particles | jQ.

Недостатком известного способа является низкая надежность определения дефектов.The disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of defect determination.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому яв^_ ₁₅ляется акустический способ дефектоскопии подшипников, заключающийся в том, : что в них возбуждают незатухающие ультразвуковые. колебания и определяют резонансные частоты, по которым судят о наличии дефекта р].The closest to the proposed nuclear explosion ^_ ₁₅ wish to set up an acoustic method for inspection of bearings, comprising the steps of: that excite undamped ultrasound in them. oscillations and determine the resonant frequencies by which they judge the presence of a defect p].

Недостатком известного способа является низкая надежность определения дефектов, так как изменение частоты резо 2 нансных колебаний от наличия дефекта соизмеримо. с изменением резонансных частот от кольца X кольцу подшипника.The disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of defect determination, since the change in the frequency of the resonance 2 nanosecond vibrations from the presence of a defect is comparable. with a change in resonant frequencies from ring X to the bearing ring.

Цель изобретения — повышение надеж—.' ности обнаружения местонахождения дефектов в кольцах подшипников.The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability—. ' detection of the location of defects in the bearing rings.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что дополнительно измеряют амплитуды основного резонанса и дополнительного резонанса, вызванного наличием дефекта, . для четырёх положений кольца подшипников, определяют их отношение и по его изменению судят о местонахождении дефекта.This goal is achieved by the fact that additionally measure the amplitudes of the main resonance and the additional resonance caused by the presence of a defect,. for the four positions of the bearing ring, their relationship is determined and its location is used to judge the location of the defect.

На фиг.1 представлена блок-схема устройства, реализующего способ; на фиг. 2иэображено четыре положения кольца подшипника относительно точки подвеса; на фиг. 3— амплитудно-частотные характеристики кольца подшипника с дефектом относительно точки подвеса.Figure 1 presents a block diagram of a device that implements the method; in FIG. 2 shows four positions of the bearing ring relative to the suspension point; in FIG. 3 - amplitude-frequency characteristics of a bearing ring with a defect relative to the suspension point.

Устройство содержит генератор 1 звуковых колебаний, электромагнитный вибра4 нулю отношения амплитуд дополнительного и основного резонансов дефект находится в сечении 7 подвеса кольца подшипника.The device contains a generator 1 of sound vibrations, electromagnetic vibration 4 to zero, the ratio of the amplitudes of the additional and main resonances, the defect is in section 7 of the suspension of the bearing ring.

Использование способа позволяет повысить надежность обнаружения дефектов в кольцах подшипников. <Using the method allows to increase the reliability of detection of defects in bearing rings. <

S24031 тор 2, преобразователь 3, частотомер 4 и измерительный прибор 5.S24031 torus 2, converter 3, frequency counter 4 and measuring device 5.

Сущность способа заключается в следующем.The essence of the method is as follows.

С домощью электромагнитного вибратора 2 _ч возбуждают в изделии колебания. С помощью преобразователя 3 принимают эти колебания. Затем регистрируют амплитуды основного и Дополнительного резонансов с помощью измерительного прибора 5.With the power of an electromagnetic vibrator for 2 _hours , vibrations are excited in the product. Using the Converter 3 take these oscillations. Then register the amplitudes of the primary and secondary resonances using a measuring device 5.

С помощью частотомера 4 измеряют частоту генератора 1. Измерение производят для 4-ех. положений кольца подшипников.Using a frequency counter 4 measure the frequency of the generator 1. The measurement is made for 4 ex. bearing ring positions.

При контроле годного изделия параметры основного, резонанса не зависят отWhen monitoring a suitable product, the parameters of the main resonance are independent of

Claims

,: . ; I. Bezofethenia refers to non-destructive radiation and can be used to detect the photon & such as imperfections in poiipnikov rings. The magnetic particle method for determining de ({) ects is known, which means that the product is pre-magnetized by a strong magnetic field and then placed in it (ferromagnetic suspension and the presence of defects on ferromagnetic particles 1 is detected. A disadvantage of the known method is the low reliability of defect detection. Much closer to the proposed acoustic method of de (|) echo DIA bearings, which consists in the fact that they excite the ultrasonic ultrasound, oscillate and determine the reason Catalyst frequencies (erym is judged by the presence of a defect 21. The lack of a known method is the low reliability of defect detection, since the change in the frequency of resonant oscillations from the presence of a defect is measurable, with the change in resonant frequencies from the ring to the bearing ring. The purpose is to increase the reliability - The detection of the location of defects in bearing rings. The goal is achieved by complementing the measurement of the amplitudes of axial resonance and additional resonance caused by the presence of a defect,. for four positions of the bearing rings, their relationship is determined and by its variation the position of de is determined (Ikta. Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the device implementing the method; Fig. 2 shows the four positions of the bearing ring relative to the suspension track; fig. 3 - amplitude-frequency characteristics of a bearing ring with a defect relative to the point of suspension. The device contains a generator of 1 sound vibrations, an electromagnetic vibration 3 of mountains 2, an inverter gage 3, a clock 4, and a measuring device 5. The essence of the method is in the next mAnc With the help of an electromagnetic in-oscillator 2, oscillations are excited in the product. G using converter 3 takes these oscillations. Then the amplitudes of the main and additional resonances are measured using a measuring device 5. With the help of a frequency meter 4, the frequency of the oscillator is measured. The t for 4 positions of the bearing ring, the control of a suitable product, the parameters of axial recurrence do not depend on the position of the bearing ring relative to the point of suspension, which means that additional resonance is obtained. When inspecting a defective product while finding a defect in the cross section of the ring (Fig. 2. a, d), the amplitude and frequency of oscillations coincide with similar parameters without defects on the product, i.e. there is no additional resonance. When a .6 defect is found in intermediate positions (Fig. 2b, c), both primary and additional resonances are present, with the ratio of the amplitudes of the resonances varying with the position of the defect relative to the product suspension. If 1 is equal to zero, the ratio of the amplitudes of the additional and main resonances of the defect is in section 7 of the suspension of the bearing ring. The use of the method improves the reliability of detecting defects in bearing rings. . Claims The acoustic method of bearing inspection, which implies sustained ultrasonic oscillations and determines the resonant frequencies that are judged to have a defect, characterized in that, in order to improve the reliability of detecting the location of defects in bearing rings, the amplitude of the main resonance and the additional resonance caused by the presence of defects for the four positions of the bearing ring are determined by their relationship and is judged by its location defect. Sources of information. Taken into account in the examination 1. Instruments and automatic machines for the control of bearings. Mechanical Engineering, 1973, p. ten.

2. Non-destructive testing of metals and products. M., Mechanical Engineering, 1976, p. 295 (prototype).

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