SU82002A1 - Device for recording echo sounder signals - Google Patents

Description

Various devices with mechanical writing devices are used for recording echo sounder signals. However, mechanical recording systems are not practically applicable in river echo sounders, which measure shallow depths and therefore require high speed writing devices.

The described device allows recording echo sounder signals when recording at shallow depths, including rivers. This is achieved by the fact that for recording an electrical recording system is used, made in the form of two stationary combs: one for coarse, the other for accurate readings. Both combs are provided with teeth in contact with the chart tape and recording on it at those moments when the pulse reflected from the bottom, transformed into electrical voltage, is summed with the duration-calibrated pulses supplied in a certain order to the combs teeth.

The drawing shows schematically the described device.

A stationary comb is located above the chart paper, consisting of two groups of 10 teeth (feathers) each. The comb has little contact with the tape of iodine or graphite paper on which the recording is made.

Each pen of the first group, which records whole units of meters, receives from a special device a rectangular calibrated voltage pulse with a duration of 1.33 milliseconds. with such a time shift, so that the pulses follow one after the other without interruption, i.e., the zero pen receives pulses at the time O: 1.33 milliseconds, the first feather at the moment 1.33: 2.67 milliseconds, the second feather moment 2.67: 4.00 milliseconds. and so on, the ninth feather gets a boost at 12.00: 13.33 milliseconds.

To record the tenth of a meter, use the second group of feathers, which also receive calibrated pulses, but with a duration of 0.133 milliseconds. and at times of 0.000: 0.133, 0.133: 0.267; 0; 267: 0; 400 ... ... 1,200: 1.333 milliseconds, i.e., for each impulse of the first group there are 10 impulses of the second group.

No. 82002-2 The shaping of calibrated pulses and their spreading in time is performed in the same way as in installations for multi-channel pulse-phase telephony.

75 Hz sinusoidal oscillations from the master oscillator are fed to a circular phase shifter 2, which gives ten sinusoidal currents output, shifted in phase by 36 ° relative to each other, i.e., if the zero output has cf 0 °, then the first output has Φ - 36, the second exit is 72 72 °, etc., up to the ninth outlet, having ф 324 °. This ensures that the front edges of the calibrated pulses of the first group are already arranged. The arrangement of the pulses of the second group is carried out by the second phase shifter, which also gives 10 voltages with a shift of 36 °, but at a frequency of 750 Hz, which is the tenth harmonic frequency of the master oscillator 75 Hz.

All 20 outputs from phase shifters are supplied to 20 of the same type of buffer lamps 3, which convert sinusoidal voltages B, pointed impulses associated with the beginnings of periods. These pulses are fed to electronic pulse normalizers 4, in which the formation of calibrated pulses of strictly defined amplitude and duration occurs.

The recording pens are exposed through 20 control lamps 5, each having two independent grids and anodes connected in parallel with a common load resistance.

Calibrated pulses from the normalizers arrive at the first grids of the control lambles. These pulses alternately block the control luminaires, however, the potential at the anodes of the lamps varies only slightly, since the lamps are open all the time on the second grids. Due to this, the am- litude of the voltage of the calibrated pulses is insufficient to trigger the recording process on the tape.

The reflected pulse of the signal after amplification and normalization goes to all the second grids of control lamellae (grids are connected in parallel). At the time of the arrival of the reflected signal, one of the control lamps of the first group and one of the lamps of the second group will be locked at the same time along two grids, so that the potential at their anodes will increase dramatically and will cause the first and second groups to record on the batigram. yut.

For example, consider the operation of the device with a water depth of 4.5 m.

The delay time of the reflected pulse relative to the blueing is expressed

,,,

where / is the distance between the transmitter and the hydrophone, and I is the depth of the reservoir.

Since / is about 0.2 m, with sufficient accuracy it can be considered

y, 1500 750

Thus, with a pool depth of 4.5 m, the reflected impulse will come at the moment

 6.0-1-6.1 millisek. and coincides with the fourth calibrated 750 pulse with a duration of 1.33 milliseconds, which will cause the mark with the fourth pen of the first group on the bathygram. At the same time, the reflected pulse will coincide with the fifth pulse with a duration of 0.133 milli-sec. and will cause the fifth group to mark the second group. Thus, the combs of the first and second groups will be recorded 4 and 0.5 W, i.e. 4.5 m depth. As the water body increases to 4.6; 4.7; 4.8; 4.9 and 5.0 m, the reflected pulse will alternately coincide with the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th calibrated pulse of the second group and the fourth pulse of the first group. In the transition to a depth of 5.0 m, the second group will be marked with a zero pen, and the first one.

The mechanical part of the recorder is reduced to a simple tape mechanism. No mechanisms for moving the pen are required, as the writing pen comb stands motionless over the chart paper.

The electrical recording system consists of 25 lamps of the same type for each of the two groups (50 lamps in total). If any of the lamps fails, only recording of one corresponding pen will be skipped without disturbing the rest of the feathers, so that the readability of the bathigram is preserved. The filament current of all five fifty lamps is about 4 A, a voltage of 6 volts.

The application of the recorder is not limited to a river echo sounder, since the system can be used as a recording phase meter as well as for recording non-periodic, fast-flowing processes. The described device can be used to register electrical signals, the time interval between which does not exceed the duration of the working cycle of the change of voltage pulses on the combs.

By applying calibrated pulses in one microsecond, you can record oscillation at a frequency of up to 100,000 Hz as a sinusoidal waveform.

The resulting recording is visually accessible and does not require further processing (appearance), which compares favorably with the oscillographic recording on photo paper.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. A device for recording echo sounder signals, characterized in that for recording at shallow depths, including rivers, two fixed combs of coarse and precise readings are used with the teeth in contact with the chart tape and recording on the tape at those moments when a pulse reflected from the bottom, transformed into an electrical voltage, is summed with pulses of a predetermined duration, applied in a certain order to the teeth of the combs. 2. The use of the device according to claim 1 for registering electrical signals, the time interval between which does not exceed the duration of the operating cycle of the change of voltage pulses on the combs. - 3 - # 82002