SU819301A1 - Drilling tool - Google Patents

Description

(54) DRILLING RING

one

The invention relates to mining, in particular to means for drilling large diameter wells.

Known projectiles for drilling large-bore holes of large diameter, containing a multi-stage rock-breaking tip l.

The disadvantage of these projectiles is the low efficiency of the process of a large area of the bottom and a large volume of rock being destroyed.

More productive projectiles are drilled with ring face.

A drilling rig is known which contains a core pipe with a crown, and a device for cutting the core in the form of knives rotating in the transverse plane associated with the turning mechanism and the mechanism of the fiks. Satsii 2.

However, in the known projectile, the design of the mechanism for rotating and fixing the knives, which is in communication with the ground drive, also requires considerable space for its placement, which increases the psadad of the ring face.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of drilling by reducing

area of the ring face and the size of the crown.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, in the known device, the mechanism for rotating the knives is made in the form of movable carriages mounted on the crown with the ability to interact with the face.

The fffiA of undercutting the core after filling the pipe column with the mechanism for fixing the knives can be made in the form of stop fingers and a movable stack connected by pipes.

 For engagement with the surface, the carriage can be provided with incisors. . ,

FIG. 1 shows a prepaired projectile, longitudinal section: in FIG. 2, type A, FIG. 1, in the operating position with

0 borehole: in FIG. - cut BB fig.1. At the lower end of body 1, short cutters 2 are short, from which the inside of the door is complete:

5 screw grooves In the lower part of the crown housing 1 there are windows in which there are knives 3 with cutters4. The knives 3 have the freedom to rotate in the horizontal plane on the axis x 5. For better cutting and removal of the destroyed soil from the cutters 4, slots b are made at the front ends of the cutting knives 3. The parts of the crown 1, located under the windows, are internally and externally reduced in thickness, forming guides of the squeeze carriages 7 with carbide-tipped cutters 8. The carriages are installed with freedom of movement along the guides b with screws and inserts 9. To fix the knives 3 in When drilling a bore, the fixing fingers 10, which enter through the apertures of the crown housing 1 into the blind holes 11 of the cutting knives 3, serve. The crown is attached to the lower end of the core pipe 12, the inner walls of which are provided with blades 13 of the screw, which are zheniem helical grooves and. Inside the upper part of the core tube 12 there is a restrictive cup 14 with free movement in the axial direction without turning, thanks to pins on its walls that enter longitudinal slots (not shown in the drawings) - on the walls of the core tube 12. At the bottom of the restrictive cup 14 there are holes, into which the upper ends of the ribs g 15 pass, the lower ends of which are connected to the locking pins 10. The depth of the drilling during tool travel is adjusted by means of a nut 16. In order to prevent the ribs 15 from being damaged, the They are protected by casing 17 by the auger. The upper end of the drill pipe 12 is connected to the electric drill shaft. The cutters 4 cutting knives 3 are located from the turning axis 5 at a distance of a scientific research institute equal to the average radius of the drill crown, and the length of the knives 3 along the chord em 1.2-1.3 average radius of the drill bit.

The drilling rig operates as follows.

When drilling a hole, the cutting knives 3 are located in the casing 1 of the drill bit and are locked by locking fingers 10. Wringing carriages 7 They are located in front of the cutting knives 3 and with their oblique sides under the action of the resistance of the soil to cutting with the cutters 4 abut the folded ends of the cutting knives 3, Strive to wedge them from the walls of the casing 1 of the drill bit to the center of the well. Cutting-through cutters 2, destroying the bottom, bore the perimeter of the well, leaving an unbroken monolith of soil in the center — a core. The destroyed rock from the cutters 2 along screw grooves a rises to the blade of m 13 auger and is poured from the latter onto the core formed. By filling core pipe 12 with a core and cuttings to the stop in j.; No restrictive cup 14,

the latter, with further drilling, rises along with the thrusts 15 and locking fingers 10, the lower ends of which extend from the holes 11, provided the freedom for the knives 3 to rotate. The squeeze carriages 7 under the action of the resistance forces of the ground to cutting with the cutters 4 move along the guides b and act on the beveled front ends of the cutting knives 3 they are wedged. from the walls of the casing 1 of the drill bit and pressed them to the core. This moment is accompanied by a rather sharp increase in the load on the downhole motor, as the resistance forces of the ground to cutting with incisors 2 add to the forces of resistance of the soil to cutting with incisors 4 cutting knives 3. The driver, without turning off the downhole motor, stops feeding the drilling tool to the bottom, continuing to trim the core. The end of the undercutting of the core is characterized by the operation of the downhole motor idle. The drill string, together with the core and drill cuttings on it, rises to the surface, is retracted to the side and placed on a special stand with two projections on top. The core, resting on these protrusions, releases the cutting knives 3 from its load with its weight, and the worker uses a special hook through the slots b in the knives 3 to insert the latter into the windows and retreats to a safe distance. The driver raises the drill string and the core, along with the drill cuttings, remains on the stand and is subsequently removed. The worker stops the cutting knives 3 with locking fingers 10 and the cycle repeats.

Thus, due to the fact that the area of the drilled hole in the bottom hole can be reduced to the minimum allowed by the strength of the material of the crown body walls, the specific pressure on the cutting elements of the latter, with the same load on the drilling tool will increase dramatically, entails a corresponding increase in the rate of penetration. When drilling large diameter wells for bored piles of industrial and civil structures and column supports of bridges, the area of the bottom hole ring can be reduced to 1520%.

Claims (3)

1. A drill bit containing a core pipe with a crown, as well as a device for cutting a core in the form of knives turning in the transverse plane associated with a turning mechanism and a fixing mechanism, characterized in that in order to increase the drilling efficiency by reducing the area The ring face and the size of the crown, the mechanism of rotation of the knives is made in the form of movable carriages; installed on the crown with the ability to interact with the face. 2. The device according to Claim 1, which is based on the fact that, in order to cut the core after filling the core tube, the mechanism for fixing the knives is made in the form of locking pins and a movable cup connected by rods. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, with the aim Increased adhesion to the intake surface is provided with a cutter 1i. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Brshov S.A. Drilling of large diameter wells. Review VIEMS. Ser. Technique and technology exploration: production organization. M., 1973, p.16. 2. Authors certificate of the USSR (548704, cl. B 21 V 25/00, 1972 (prototype). Fi.g.1