SU815193A1 - Method of insulating structures from the action of moisture - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to construction, namely to the insulation of building structures and structures, for example, to water protection of building structures, and can be used to insulate the walls of old buildings from moisture.

There is a method of waterproofing brick walls, including the formation of through holes in separate sections to a thickness of three bricks or more, laying a waterproofing layer in the formed gap with the subsequent introduction of cement mortar 1: 1 - 1:: 1,5 [1] under pressure ].

However, when cutting holes, unacceptable deformations often occur in the walls of buildings (cracks, sediments) that contribute to the destruction of the building. Also, to avoid precipitation of the walls ^15, propylene holes propped or propyl produce phantom. This work requires great care, costs a considerable amount of time and is very expensive. 20

There is also a method of isolating building structures from moisture, including drilling holes, placing electric heaters in these holes, drying the masonry treated area, removing electric heaters from the holes, filling the holes with a waterproofing mortar, drying the masonry treated zone, sealing the holes with cement grout [2].

However, the known method requires a significant amount of time. In addition, when drying the wall with electric heaters, the salts dissolved in moisture clog the capillaries during evaporation and, after drying, impede the passage of the waterproofing liquid into the capillaries, as a result of which the insulating liquid is not evenly distributed and continuous isolation is not ensured. Also, when masonry is heated, microcracks form, which are not desirable in valuable architectural monuments.

The closest is the method of electroosmotic isolation of walls from moisture, including monolithic in the walls of the electrodes, which are placed in two rows in pairs parallel to each other, and the electrodes of each pair are connected to the same ground element [3].

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide high-quality insulation of the walls. In addition, the isolation of the walls is ensured only by the action of galvanic cells.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of insulation and simplify the method.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method, comprising making holes in two rows and installing electrodes in them, after installing the electrodes, the holes are filled with a waterproofing solution ¹⁰ and. at the same time, an electric current is passed, which is turned off as the solution reaches the lower row of electrodes.

The proposed method allows to improve the quality of insulation, as well as speed up the insulation process, thereby ensuring reliability and the ability to check the penetration of liquid through the insulated material.

Under the influence of the electric field ^20, moisture in the capillaries pulled while tightening the capillaries in the insulating liquid without creating air pockets and evenly distribute provides continuous horizontal hydrochloric insulation ₂₅ on the treated area.

The method includes forming holes, placing electrodes in these holes, filling the holes with a waterproofing solution while transmitting electric current. thirty

To implement the method, electrodes are required, one of which can be made hollow with holes in the walls for the passage of the waterproofing solution, a power source, a reservoir for supplying an insulating solution. As a waterproofing solution, for example, a hydrophobizing solution of organosilicon compounds (water glass) can be used.

The drawing shows a diagram explaining the method of insulation of building structures.

The method is as follows.

In the insulated wall 1, along the zone of distribution of dampness, holes ^{45 are} drilled, which are arranged in two rows (lower and upper). In the holes 2, electrodes 3 are placed, which are connected to an electric power source using an external wire 4 (not shown in the drawing), while at the same time feeding a waterproofing liquid into the cavity of the electrodes 3 or directly into the hole 2 through the pipe 5, which under the action of an electric field begins to fill moisture capillaries · wall material '1 After the waterproofing liquid reaches the bottom row electrodes, the power supply is turned off.

The process ends in 24-35 hours (depending on the wall material).

Using the proposed method of insulation of building structures provides, in comparison with known methods, the ability to obtain high-quality continuous horizontal waterproofing in the treated area. In addition, the time required for the isolation device is reduced.

Claims (3)

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide high-quality insulation of the walls. In addition, wall insulation is ensured only by the action of galvanic cells. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of insulation and simplify the process. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known method, which involves making holes in two rows and installing electrodes in them, after installing the electrodes, the holes are filled with a waterproofing solution I-and at the same time an electric current is passed, which is turned off as the solution reaches the bottom row of electrodes. . The proposed method allows to improve the quality of the insulation, as well as speed up the insulation process, thereby ensuring reliability and the ability to check the penetration of fluid through the material being insulated. Under the influence of an electric field, the moisture in the capillaries is retracted, while isolating the insulating liquid in the capillaries at the same time, without creating air plugs and evenly distributed, provides flat horizontal insulation in the area being treated. The method includes the operations of forming holes, placing electrodes in these holes, filling holes with a waterproofing solution while simultaneously passing an electric current. The method requires electrodes, one of which can be made hollow with holes in the walls for the passage of waterproofing solution, a source of electrical power, a reservoir for supplying an insulating solution. As a waterproofing solution can be used, for example, a hydrophobic solution of organosilicon compounds of scientific research institutes (liquid glass). The drawing shows a diagram explaining how to insulate building structures. The method is carried out as follows. In the insulated wall 1, along the dampness zone, holes 2 are drilled, which are arranged in two rows (upper and lower). Electrodes 3 are placed in holes 2, which are connected via an external wire 4 to a power supply (not shown), while simultaneously supplying to the cavity of electrodes 3 or directly to the hole 2 through conduit 5 a waterproofing liquid Moisture-free capillaries of the wall material 1 After the waterproofing liquid reaches the bottom row of electrodes, the power supply is disconnected. The process ends in 24-35 hours (depending on the wall material). The use of the proposed method of insulating building structures provides, in comparison with known methods, the possibility of obtaining high-quality flat horizontal waterproofing in the area to be treated. In addition, the time required for the isolation device is reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION A method for isolating building structures from moisture, including making holes in two rows and installing electrodes therein, characterized in that, in order to simplify the method and improve the quality of the insulation, after installing the electrodes, the holes are filled with a waterproofing solution and at the same time electric current, which is turned off as the solution reaches the lower row of electrodes. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Fridman, OM. Dampness of brick walls of residential buildings and its liquidation using electroosmosis L., 1961, p. 7 2. Express information, Seri Residential household. No. 32, 1976, p. four. 3. USSR author's certificate number 184410, cl. E 04 B 1/64, 1963 (prototype).