SU812363A1 - Apparatus for separating loose materials - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to devices that separate components according to the hydrodynamic properties of their constituent particles, and can be used in agricultural production to clean and sort grains, as well as in the processing plant for enrichment of ores.

The pneumoseparin tube is a device made in the form of a separation chamber mounted for rotation, a loading and unloading device, a mechanism for controlling the speed of the separation chamber, the valve TSF 1.

The disadvantage of this device is the low productivity and low quality of the separation.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one according to the function performed and the achieved result is a device for the separation of bulk materials, including a separation chamber, a device for feeding the working medium, a loading and unloading device 2.

A disadvantage of the known device lies in the complexity and unreliability; The design due to the rotating

separating channel. Rotation of it is necessary to feed the material on repeated cycles. At the same time, it is necessary to: sealing devices, devices, prevent the displacement of the pneumatic channel along the axis in the direction of its inclination. .

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and ensure a constant hydrodynamic flow rate.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the separating chamber is fixed, while the lower and upper walls of the chamber are made from 5 verts, the holes in the lower wall of the chamber are placed at an acute angle to the wall of the chamber and connected to the source of overpressure of the working medium. the chamber wall is connected to a discharge source, and the cross-sectional area of said holes is 2-10 ra larger than the cross-sectional area of the holes made in the lower wall of the separation chamber. In Fig. 1, a device is shown schematically, a longitudinal section, "and Fig. 2a, a cross section.

The device consists of a fixed

0 separation chamber 1, in which

there are lower slotted holes 2 communicated by a pneumatic line 3 with a fan, 4. These holes are directed tangentially to the surface of chamber 1. In the upper part of chamber 1 there is a slotted hole 5 which by means of a pneumatic drive b via a cyclone 7 communicates with the intake part of the fan 4. The frontal part of the chamber 1 through the cyclone 8 and pneumatic line 9 communicates with the intake part the fan 10, the other is in communication with the receiver 11.

At the top of the chamber, at a distance of 1/3 from the cyclone 8, a loading device 12 is installed, a valve 13 is installed above the opening 5. Cyclones 7 and 8 have discharge devices 14 and 15, respectively. The separation chamber is installed at an angle to the horizon.

The device works as follows.

The fans 4 and 10 are turned on and the metering device 12. Two air flows are installed in the chamber. The main separation flow moves upward from the chamber. Its speed is several times less than the speed of soaring heavy particles. An additional transporcadium flow moves through the openings 2 along the surface of chamber 1 and exits through the opening 5. The speed of the transporting stream exceeds the soaring speed of heavy particles (the direction of the main and additional flows in the diagram are indicated by arrows)

The grain material 1, falling into the lower part of the chamber under the action of the transporting stream, is entrained by it in rotational motion and reaches the upper part of the chamber. Here, under the force of gravity, the particles exit the transport stream and fly in a separation stream. Light particles are entrained in this stream, precipitated in cyclone 8 and output by an unloading device 15 (HI fraction). For heavy particles, the component of the movement in the direction of tilt of the separating chamber prevails. Hitting again in the transport stream, the particles are entrained in a repeat cycle. For several cycles, the heavy particles reach the unloading device 11 (fraction II), the light ones to the cyclone 8. The lightest parts are entrained by the transport stream through the opening 5, are deposited in the cyclone 7 and outputted by the discharge device 14 (fraction IV).

Thus, in the separation process, three fractions are obtained: heavy in the receiver 11, light in the cyclone 8 and the lightest in the cyclone 7.

The absence of mechanisms for driving the spraying chamber into rotation, as well as complex and unreliable sealing devices makes it possible to reduce the number of parts and assemblies of the device at least by a factor of 2-3;

5 same increase its reliability. work. .

Claims (3)

1. A device for separating bulk materials, including a separation chamber, a device for feeding the working medium, loading and unloading devices, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and ensure a constant hydrodynamic flow rate, the separation chamber is fixed 0 in the lower and upper walls of the chamber holes are filled. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes in the bottom wall of the chamber are placed under 5 with an acute angle to the chamber wall and connected to a source of overpressure of the working fluid. 3. The device according to claim 1, that is, with holes 0 in the upper wall of the chamber is connected to a vacuum source, while the cross-sectional area of these holes is 2-10 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the holes made in the bottom wall of the separation 5 cameras. Information sources taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 0  426721, cl. B 07 B 7/01, 05.04.72 .. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 545397, cl. B 07 B 7/01, 08.04.75.