SU801782A1 - Vegetable harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

(54) MACHINE FOR CLEANING VEGETABLE CROPS

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for harvesting vegetables, such as tomato cabbage, etc.

The famous cabbage harvester, which contains replicable skis mounted on a frame with elevators attached to them, a lifting gear, made of two longitudinal conveyors with a vertical arrangement of drive shafts with side walls of a crossed sling, circular knives mounted between the longitudinal conveyors, scraper conveyors 1.

When the maschine is moved along a row, the cabbages are caught by the slings of two oppositely rotating conveyors with vertically arranged drive shafts, are fed to the disk knives, are cut and spread; 1: they are transported to transporting devices.

However, this machine is distinguished by the complexity of the structure, since each of its working bodies performs only one operation in the process, i.e. these organs are not universal.

Also known is a machine for the harvesting of OS crops, for example, tomatoes, including: 1H,.;. SchA two tilted in side rabbs. movements of the machine are counter-rotating the shaft, carrying the undercutting discs. Each of them is equipped with a device for gripping and transferring the retractable gears on the receiving rail 2.

The disadvantage of this machine is:; its complexity is due to being located; above the disk of the exciting device:; filled in the form of a conveyor; Prn machine go, ::; The belt is pulled out and it is barely. ; periodically strain. In addition, i the known device does not have mehash-zmi,. regulation; and elasticity of the belt. KCOV dimy when cleaning various in size; - vegetable, which leads to a loss of vegetables (. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design;

3T (j reaches the heme that grasps ;;, the device is made in the form of a drum.,;, Fastened with one base on a disk -, / knife, and the other - on the shaft of this knife with a B-J possibility of peremeleni and fix them

certain positions relative to each other by means of a screw pair, with elastic straps inclined to its axis of rotation along the drum-forming axis, as well as the machine provided with a bar between the disk knives and the receiving conveyor.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a vegetable harvesting machine; in fig. 2 - the same, front view; in fig. 3 shows the tool for grabbing, pulling, cutting and feeding the heads of cabbage to transporting devices.

The vegetable harvesting machine is made of two drums obliquely located in the direction of movement of the machine and rotating towards each other. Each of the drums contains a cutting blade knife 1, which is the bottom bottom of the drum and intended to separate the head from the stump, elastic slings 2, for example rubber, attached to the blade edge 1 and the tension disc 3 by clamping rings 4 around the tension disk 3 with a diameter smaller than the disc knife 1 diagometer approximately two diameters of the stump, an adjusting nut 5, which is fixed in a certain position by the lock nut 6. having holes for the installation of the bolts 7, which are attached to the nut 5, the tension disk 3, when screwed and on which the sling 2 is adjusted to the drive shaft 8 and the inclination angle of the sling 2, the rod guide bar 9, from the cantilever bar 10 fixed to the bridge, which ends are fixed through the bearings 11 on the drive shafts 8. On the rotary axis 12 the bearing housing 13 is rigidly fixed shaft 8 and lever 14, the latter is hingedly connected to hydrocylinder 15, also connected pivotally to frame 16. Kronshtein 17 at one end through a rigidly attached to it split bearing 18 is connected to a rotary axis 12, and the other through a direction guide bracket 19 - the frame 16. P | 5ivod consists of a propeller shaft 20, fixed rigidly on the pivoting axis 12 of the gear 21 on the driven shaft which is mounted drive sprocket (pulley) 22 as well. At the upper ends of the drive shafts 8, driven sprockets (pulleys) 23 are installed. Copy skis 24 are pivotally connected to a telescopic strut 25 mounted on the web 10. The transport device 26 is fixed on the frame 16.

Cabbage harvesting works as follows.

When the cabbage harvesting machine moves along a row, the drums rotating towards each other capture the coaches located in the aisles between the rows and the rows with elastic lines 2, for example rubber, copying their sizes. At the same time, due to the inclination of the sling of the head of the base, it is pressed against the circular knives 1 up to the stop, thereby ensuring the specified cutting height of the stump. Cut off from the stalk cob with disc knives 1 under the action of inertial forces and elasticity, the sling is thrown along the guide grid 9 to the transport device 26. and cut off the stump at a given height. In places where cabbage has long or short stumps, a tractor driver from the cab, using a hydraulic cylinder 15, sets the required angle of inclination of the drums, and this ensures the required height

branches of stumps.

If there is a technological need that requires partial cleaning of the green outer leaves from the pumping truck, turning the disc 3 increases the angle of inclination of the line 2. Thus, the lines 2, which are at a more acute angle, enter the gap between the head and the green sheet, break it off the stump and drop it on the field. The slings 2, for example rubber, being resilient, make an oscillating motion after throwing out the head, and this ensures that the drum is cleared of cabbage leaves and vegetation.

The speed of movement of the maschine, and hence the productivity, is determined by the circumferential density of the drums.

0 By changing the tension of the sling, the force of compression and fixation of the head is necessary.

The machine is transferred to the transport position by a hydraulic cylinder 15 from the cab of the tractor driver, turning the axle 12 along with the drums.

The working surface is copied by the skis 24, which set it at the required height automatically while driving, without disturbing the installation of the drive sprockets 22, 23, and its initial height is achieved by installing the brackets 17 in the guides 12 and the length of the telescopic stand 25 skis 24.

 Skid skis 24 automatically in

set limits set working

body at the required height without breaking

install the drive shafts drums.

The design of the gripping device in combination with a circular knife allows you to simplify the sweeper, adjust the tension of the elastic lines and reduce the amount of vegetable loss.

Claims (2)

1. A vegetable harvesting machine comprising two tilted in the direction of the working movement of the machine, counter rotating shaft, carrying cropping disk knives, over each of which a device is installed to pick up and transfer the harvested vegetables to the receiving conveyor, characterized in that simplifying the design, the gripping device is made in the form of a drum fixed with one base on a disk knife, and the other on the shaft of this knife with the possibility of moving and fixing them in certain positions relative to others corner of a friend by means of a screw pair, and The drum is inclined to its axis of rotation. Elastic slings are placed. 2. A machine in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a grill mounted between the circular blades and the receiving conveyor, consisting of cantilever rods. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 173515, cl. A 01 D 45/26, 1965. 2. Didenko NF and others. Machines for harvesting vegetables. M., "Engineering, 1973, with. 79. %