SU799829A1

SU799829A1 - Electromagnetic oscillation exciter

Info

Publication number: SU799829A1
Application number: SU782699006A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Ионас Броняус Гудонис; Владас Стасио Пашкявичюс; Камерас Миколо Рагульскис; Балис Балевич Стульпинас; Альгирдас-Чесловас Владислово Шукялис
Original assignee: Каунасский Политехнический Институтим. Ahtahaca Снечкуса
Priority date: 1978-12-19
Filing date: 1978-12-19
Publication date: 1981-01-30

Description

Изобретение относится к возбудителям колебаний общего назначения и может найти применение в разных областях техники и народного хозяйства в качестве источника вибраций. ³ The invention relates to causative agents of oscillations of General purpose and may find application in various fields of technology and the national economy as a source of vibration. ³

Известны конструкции механических возбудителей колебаний, создающих круговые вибрации, в корпусе которых смонтирован дебалансный вал ._л[1]· ¹⁰ There are known designs of mechanical vibration exciters creating circular vibrations, in the housing of which an unbalanced shaft is mounted. _l [1] · ¹⁰

Недостатком таких возбудителей колебаний является большой шум, создаваемый при работе, необходимость В периодической смазке и довольно малый ресурс из-за выхода из строя 15 подшипников.The disadvantage of such vibration pathogens is the large noise generated during operation, the need for periodic lubrication and a rather small resource due to the failure of 15 bearings.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности является возбудитель колебаний, содержащий кольцевой магнитопровод статора, 20 в канавках' которого уложены обмотки подмагничивания и возбуждениями якорь, связанный с магнитопроводом статора через упругие элементы [2].Closest to the proposed technical essence is an oscillator containing an annular stator magnetic circuit, 20 in the grooves of which are placed the magnetization windings and with excitations an armature connected to the stator magnetic circuit through elastic elements [2].

Однако этот возбудитель сложен 25 и ненадежен, так как в нем для обеспечения гармонического закона колебаний по двум координатам и создания круговых вибраций в цепи питания включен фазовращатель, усилителт 30 |и генератор и нельзя осуществить ^питание возбудителя колебаний непосредственно от сети переменного тока.However, this pathogen is complex 25 and unreliable, since it includes a phase shifter, amplifier 30 | and a generator to ensure a harmonious law of oscillations along two coordinates and create circular vibrations in the power circuit, and it is impossible to supply the oscillator directly from the AC mains.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности за счет упрощения схемы питания.The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by simplifying the power circuit.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в канавках кольцевого магнитопровода статора под углом-120 друг к другу уложены шесть обмоток подмагничивания и шесть обмоток возбуждения, причем все обмотки подмагничивания включены поочередно последовательно-встречно, а обмотки возбуждения, расположенные на противоположных сторонах статора, включены парами последовательно-согласно .This goal is achieved by the fact that in the grooves of the annular stator magnetic circuit at an angle of-120 to each other, six magnetization windings and six field windings are stacked, and all the magnetization windings are turned on alternately in series and in opposite directions, and the field windings located on opposite sides of the stator are connected in series - according to.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображен электромагнитный возбудитель колебаний; на фиг. 2 - то же, разрез в поперечной плоскости’; на фиг. 3сечении А-А на фиг. 2.In FIG. 1 schematically depicts an electromagnetic exciter; in FIG. 2 - the same, a section in the transverse plane ’; in FIG. 3section A-A in FIG. 2.

Электромагнитный возбудитель колебаний состоит из кольцеобразного магнитопровода статора 1, в канавках которого’размещены шесть подмагничивающих обмоток 2-7 и шесть обмоток 8-13, возбуждения расположенных под углом 120 друг к другу, причем все обмотки 2-7 подмагничивания включены поочередно последовательно-встречно и подключены к источнику постоянного тока, а обмотки 8 и 11, 9 и 12, 10 и 13 возбуждения, расположенные на противоположных сторонах статора, включены парами последовательно-согласно и подключены соответственно к фазам А, В и С трехфаэной сети переменного тока. Магнитопровод якоря 14 выполнен в виде цельного цилиндра и соединен с магнитопроводом статора при помощи упругих элементов 15.The electromagnetic exciter of oscillations consists of an annular magnetic circuit of the stator 1, in the grooves of which are six magnetizing windings 2-7 and six windings 8-13, the excitations are located at an angle of 120 to each other, and all magnetization windings 2-7 are connected alternately in series and connected to a direct current source, and the field windings 8 and 11, 9 and 12, 10 and 13, located on opposite sides of the stator, are connected in pairs in series according to and connected respectively to phases A, B and C of the three-phaen th AC. The magnetic core of the armature 14 is made in the form of a solid cylinder and is connected to the magnetic circuit of the stator using elastic elements 15.

Электромагнитный возбудитель колебаний работает следующим образом.The electromagnetic pathogen operates as follows.

На концы обмоток 2-7 подмагничивания, включенных поочередно последовательно-встречно подается постоянное напряжение подмагничивания. ....At the ends of the magnetization windings 2-7, which are switched on alternately sequentially and counter-a constant bias voltage is applied. ....

При этом появляются силы электромагное напряжение подмагничивания.In this case, the forces of the electromagnetic bias voltage appear.

При этом появляются; силы электромагнитного притяжения со всех сторон якоря 14, одинаковые по величине, вследствие чего якорь остается в положении равновесия. На концы рабочих обмоток 8 и 11, 9 и 12, 10 и 13, включенных парами последовательносогласно , подается трехфазное напряжение, соответственно от фаз, А,в и С. При таком включении рабочих обмоток 8-13 и обмоток 2-7 подмагничивания на одной стороне возбудитейя колебаний переменный поток, создаваемый переменным током, складывается с постоянным потоком подмагничивания, а на другой стороне вычитается из потока подмагничивания. Если будем считать, что в начальный момент напряжение фазы А равно 0, а напряжения фаз В и С равны по величине, но противоположны по знаку, причем напряжение фазы С положительно, а фазы. В отрицательно, тогда переменный поток, создаваемый напряжением положительного направления фазы С в обмотке 12, складывается с постоянным потоком обмотки 3, тем самым вызывая силу притяжения в сторону обмотки 12.At the same time appear; the forces of electromagnetic attraction on all sides of the armature 14 are the same in magnitude, as a result of which the armature remains in equilibrium. At the ends of the working windings 8 and 11, 9 and 12, 10 and 13, connected in pairs in series, a three-phase voltage is applied, respectively, from phases A, B and C. With this inclusion of working windings 8-13 and magnetization windings 2-7 on one on the side of the excitation oscillations, the alternating flux created by the alternating current is added up with a constant magnetizing flux, and on the other side it is subtracted from the magnetizing flux. If we assume that at the initial moment the voltage of phase A is 0, and the voltages of phases B and C are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, the voltage of phase C is positive and phase. In negative, then the alternating flux created by the voltage of the positive direction of phase C in the winding 12 is added to the constant flow of the winding 3, thereby causing an attractive force towards the winding 12.

В то же время переменный поток, создаваемый напряжением отрицательного направления фазы В в обмотке 10, вычитается из постоянного потока обмотки 4, а поток обмотки 13 скла цывг1ется с постоянным потоком обмотки 7, вызывая силу притяжения в сторону обмотки 13. Якорь же движется под действием равнодействующей силы, создаваемой данными обмотками. В последующий момент времени напряжение фазы А возрастает в полотельную сторону и вызовет возрастание силы притяжения в сторону обмотки 8, напряжение фазы С и сила притяжения в сторону обмотки 12 уменьшается, а отрицательное напряжение фазы В увеличивается, увеличивая силу напряжения в сторону обмотки 13.At the same time, the alternating flux created by the voltage of the negative direction of phase B in the winding 10 is subtracted from the constant flux of the winding 4, and the flux of the winding 13 of the warehouse is pulled with a constant flux of the winding 7, causing an attractive force towards the winding 13. The armature moves under the action of the resultant the force generated by these windings. At a subsequent point in time, the voltage of phase A increases towards the linen side and causes an increase in the attractive force towards the winding 8, the voltage of phase C and the attractive force towards the winding 12 decreases, and the negative voltage of phase B increases, increasing the voltage force towards the winding 13.

Поэтому направление равнодействующей данных сил перемещается по часовой стрелке, тем самым вызывая движение якоря 14 по направлению равнодействующей силы. При таком режиме работы равнодействующая сила притяжения вращается по окружности в направлении часовой стрелки с чаатотой питающего напряжения, увлекая за собой якорь 14 и создавая вращающееся вибрационное поле. С появлением необходимости изменения направления вибрационного поля меняется последовательность фаз.Therefore, the direction of the resultant of these forces moves clockwise, thereby causing the movement of the armature 14 in the direction of the resultant force. In this mode of operation, the resultant force of attraction rotates around the circle in a clockwise direction with a frequency of the supply voltage, dragging the armature 14 behind itself and creating a rotating vibrational field. With the emergence of the need to change the direction of the vibration field, the phase sequence changes.

Claims

The invention relates to general purpose exciters and can be used in different areas of technicals and folk economy as a source of vibrations. The constructions of mechanical exciters of oscillations that create circular vibrations are known in the case of which an unbalance shaft is mounted. The disadvantage of such exciters is a large noise created during operation, the need for periodic lubrication and a rather small life span due to the failure of bearings. close to that proposed by the technical entity is a vibration pathogen containing a ring stator magnetic core, in the grooves of which there are winding bias and excitation connected to the stator through the elastic elements 2 is magnetic. However, this pathogen is complex and unreliable, since for both the livers of the harmonic law of oscillations in two coordinates and creating circular vibrations in the power supply circuit, the phase shifter, amplifier and generator are not directly powered from the mains alternating current . The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by simplifying the power scheme. This goal is achieved by placing in the grooves of the ring magnetic stator of the stator at an angle of 120 ° to each other six windings of the biasing and six excitation windings, with all the biasing windings included alternately in series-counter, and the excitation windings located on opposite sides of the stator are included in pairs consistently according to. FIG. 1 shows schematically the electromagnetic exciter in FIG. 2 - the same, a section in the transverse plane; in fig. 3A and A in FIG. 2. Electromagnetic exciter consists of a ring-shaped magnetic circuit of stator 1, in the grooves, which are six magnetizing windings 2-7 and six windings 8-13, the excitations located at an angle of 120 to each other, all the windings 2-7 of the magnetization are alternately connected - globally and connected to a direct current source, and windings 8 and 11, 9 and 12, 10 and 13 excitations located on opposite sides of the stator are connected in pairs in series-according and connected respectively to phases A, B and C of three phase mains AC. The magnetic core 14 is made in the form of a solid cylinder and is connected to the stator magnetic core by means of elastic elements 15. The electromagnetic exciter excitation operates as follows. A constant bias voltage is applied to the ends of the windings 2-7 of the bias, which are connected alternately in series and in opposite directions. . In this case, the forces of the electromagnetic bias voltage appear. At the same time, the forces of electromagnetic attraction from all directions 14 are equal in magnitude, as a result of which the measles remains in equilibrium. At the ends of the working windings 8 and 11, 9 and 12, 10 and 13 connected in pairs successively, three-phase voltage is applied, respectively, from the phases. A, B, and C With this switching on of the working windings 8-13 and windings 2-7 pd magnetizing on one side of the excitations, the alternating current generated by the alternating current is added to the steady-state bias current, and on the other side subtracted from the bias current. If we assume that, at the initial moment, the voltage of phase A is O, and the voltages of phases B and C are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, and the voltage of phase C is positive, and the phases are negative, then the alternating flow creates the voltage of the positive direction of the phase C in the winding 12 is added to the constant flow of the winding 3, thereby causing the force of attraction towards the winding 12. At the same time, the variable flow created by the voltage of the negative direction of the phase in 10 is subtracted from the constant winding flow 4, and the flow of the coils 13 are collapsed with a constant flow of the winding 7, causing an attractive force in the direction of the winding 13. The anchor also moves under the action of the equal force of the force generated by the windings. At a subsequent point in time, the voltage of phase A increases to the sheet side and will cause an increase in the force of attraction toward the winding 8, the voltage of phase C and the force of attraction toward the winding 12 decrease, and the negative voltage of phase B increases, increasing the voltage side of the winding 13. Therefore, the direction of the resultant of these forces moves clockwise, thereby causing the movement of the core 14 in the direction of the resultant force. In this mode of operation, the resultant attractive force rotates around the circumference in a clockwise direction with the hour of the supply voltage, carries the measles 14 along with it and creates a rotating vibrational field. With the need to change the direction of the vibratory field, the sequence of the phases is changing. Claims of Electromagnetic Oscillator comprising a stator ring magnetic circuit, in the grooves of which magnetic and excitation windings are laid, and measles, injected with the stator magnetic circuit through elastic elements, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability by simplifying the power supply circuit, in grooves The stator's magnetic core at an angle of 120 to each other six windings of the bias and six windings of the Stage are laid, with all the windings of the bias being switched on alternately o-counter, and the field windings located on opposite sides of the stator are connected in pairs in series-according. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 142924, cl. B 06 B 1/04, 1962.

2. Authors certificate USSR 592465, cl. B 06 B 1/04, 1977,