SU798277A1 - Device for automatic optimization of drilling process - Google Patents

Description

The device for optimizing the drilling process can be used on rotary drilling machines in the coal, mining and other sectors of the industry, where it uses rolling drilling with roller cone, cutting and combination drill bits. Devices are known for optimizing the process of rotary drilling in quarries, which use a priori information about the optimality of the process, entered in the form of a program. Depending on the strength of the rock, pressure is established at the bottomhole, which is converted into a signal to control the rotational speed by means of a pressure sensor and a divider. The device closest to the invention to the technical essence is a device for automatically optimizing the drilling process, containing power sensors, speeds drilling and pressure connected to the calculating block, the block of motor life shaping, the calculator of the cost criterion and the blocks for improving the extremum and the search control is optimal Drilling mode 2 ,, However, such devices cannot be precise in their work, they must be adjusted every time after changing the drilling conditions, they require preliminary laborious collection of information about the criteria, only after which they can be set up. When changing the type of drilling tool or block of rocks, additional information collection and device readjustment are necessary. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and efficiency of establishing the optimal drilling mode. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a sensor for deepening bits for one revolution of its rotation, and the counting unit is designed as separate units for calculating cost components for energy, for salary costs for bit, and for inputs of the latter bits for bit deepening are connected. one turn of its rotation and the output of the motor life shaping unit, and the outputs of the components calculating units for energy and salary costs are connected to the input of the costing unit, the output of which is through The block of improvement of the extremum is connected to the control unit of the search for the minimum drilling mode. In the calculating block, using the method of presenting the cost of drilling in wil (P) e.P) C5 (ti, p) where Kl is the coefficient taking into account the salary, rubles / hour; electricity costs rub / kWh; N,, Nj, respectively, power, is required when drilling by a windrower and other electric machines and electrical equipment of KW; V - speed of drilling, m / h; Sd is the cost of the bit, rub; . - durability of the bit, m. In this expression, the terms that do not depend practically on the drilling mode, i.e. do not affect the position of the extremum along the abscissa axis, are not taken into account, although in principle they can be taken into account by the introduction of corresponding permanent members. The first three terms of expression (1) are calculated on the basis of signals from yes, drilling speed and power ticks, as well as drivers of wage and energy costs. The last addendum, JB, as presented in expression (1), cannot be computed during drilling, since the stability of bits L is a function of a large number of factors that cannot be measured indiscriminately (mainly because of the degree of wear of bits in actual drilling conditions it is not possible), therefore the last term of equation (1) in the devices is used in the transformed form where R is the bit life time, about; rit. - bit deepening in one turn, mm / rev. The motoresource of sharrose bits does not depend on the velocity of the bit bit, and in this case it can be entered into equation (1) as a function depending only on the axial load. Due to the heterogeneity of the rocks and their physical characteristics, the cost of the minimum is drifting. The device provides its continuous search by changing the operating parameters in accordance with the calculated criterion based on the received information about the values of bit deepening per turn, drilling rate and power depending on the resistance of the rocks. When drilling with the proposed device, as in any case, the choice of a bit is necessary due to its equipotency (wear) in support and armament. In this case, it is taken into account that the total number of revolutions of the bit until its armament is worn does not depend on the angular velocity of the bit. If necessary, the necessary technical limitations can be introduced into the system. The final equation used in the device is: M-c, L, P) f (n, P)) The drawing shows a block diagram of the device. The device for optimizing the operation of the drilling machine 1 consists of a pressure sensor 2, a speed sensor 3, drilling, a bit deepening sensor 4, sensors 5 and 6 ms, multipliers 7, 11-15, dividers 8 and 10, a block of motor life shaping, adder 16, block 17 for selecting efficiency criteria, blocks 18-20 for extremum improvement, extreme controller 21, search kind switch 22, search control blocks 23 and 24. The device works as follows. The signal from pressure sensor 2 is fed to block 9, where coefficients a and b are also entered, reflecting the dependence of the bit resource on the axial load, determined by, based on the operating characteristic of the bit, on the service life (factory or experimental data) and on which the dependencies of the motor life are formed on mode settings. The motor resource R, formed in the form of an electrical signal, from the output of block 9 is fed to a multiplier 7, where it is multiplied by the amount of bit deepening h, which comes in the form of an electrical signal from the sensor 4 of the well. The signal Rh / received at the output of block 7 then goes to divider 8, where a value proportional to the specific drilling cost per bit is formed as a function of the mode parameters, for which the cost coefficient Cd is also entered into block 8. From the sensors 5 and 6 of the power, electrical signals proportional to the power consumed by the motor of the rotator and other electrical units, respectively, are fed to factors 11 and 12, at the output of which the corresponding cost values are generated for the energy expended during drilling, dL

which, in blocks 11 and 12, the coefficient 5 CE is introduced (the specific cost of electricity).

The cost of drilling for salary, depreciation and other charges is formed by blocks 3, 10 and 13.

Values

data from a number of partial criteria that the device can calculate.

The device will allow replacing the manual control of the parameters of the drilling process and increase labor productivity by 10-15%.

are summarized in block 16. The selection of the criterion of optimality is made with the help of lock 17 by the appropriate choice of the components fed to the adder 16.

The signal formed by block 16 is passed through a high-pass filter 18 to eliminate interference, and is fed to blocks 19 and 20, where the constant component is subtracted and the extremum is exacerbated by a non-linear transformation of this signal. Then the signal goes to the extreme controller 21. Since the drilling process has a significant inertia in the device, a consistent search for the extremum is made using the parameters h and p, which simplifies the scheme,. although, in principle, it is possible to apply a timeframe search for both mode parameters. The search is carried out using a search switch 22 operating from a clock generator 23, which, in turn, is controlled by a block 24 (a clock generator control unit).

The use of the device for autonomous optimization of the drilling process allows for automatic optimization of the drilling cost criterion, eliminating private adjustments for introducing a priori information in the form of approximate dependencies, using the result of a feasibility study, one or another optically formula. the invention

Device for automatic process optimization; contains sensors of power, drilling speed and pressure connected to the computing unit, a motor resource shaping unit, a bolus for calculating the cost criterion, and blocks for improving the extremum and controlling the search for the optimal drilling mode, in order to improve the accuracy and speed of setting the drilling mode It is equipped with a recess sensor, bits for one revolution of its rotation, and the calculating unit is made in the form of separate units for calculating the cost components of energy, at the cost of the salary to the bit, to the inputs of the latter are connected the outputs of the sensor for deepening the bit for one revolution of its rotation and the motor life shaping unit, and the outputs of the nodes for calculating the components for energy and salary costs are connected to the input of the cost calculation unit, the output of which through the extremum improvement unit is connected to the block. management search optimal drilling mode

 Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. Authors certificate of the USSR 148367, cl. .E 21, 45/00, 1959.

2, Turned an driECing rigs.-Petro & eum Egnipment and Sew, 1968, 31, 1.

Claims (1)

Claim Device for automatic process optimization; drilling, containing power sensors, drilling speeds and pressure sensors connected to a counting unit, motor resource generation unit, cost calculation criterion block and extremum improvement blocks and optimal mode search control blocks, drilling, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy and efficiency of setting the mode drilling, it is equipped with a deepening sensor. bits for one revolution of its rotation, and the counting-decisive block is made in the form of separate nodes for calculating the components of the cost of energy, salary and bit costs, to the inputs of the latter Connections of the sensor for deepening the bit for one revolution of its rotation and the formation of the motor resource, and the outputs of the nodes for calculating the components in terms of energy and salary costs are connected to the input of the costing unit, the output of which through the extremum improvement unit is connected to the optimal mode search control unit Uren. ·