SU784836A1

SU784836A1 - Extractor

Info

Publication number: SU784836A1
Application number: SU792788136A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владислав Степанович Бетехтин; Геннадий Петрович Бутман
Original assignee: Кировский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт лесной промышленности
Priority date: 1979-06-29
Filing date: 1979-06-29
Publication date: 1980-12-07

Description

Изобретение относится к навесным механизмам для корчевки пней и может быть использовано в лесной промышленности .The invention relates to mounted mechanisms for rooting out stumps and can be used in the forest industry.

Известен корчеватель, навешиваемый на стреле гидроманипулятора и со держащий шарнирно закрепленный на подвесной силовой раме челюстные захваты с гидравлическим приводом, вертикально и диаметрально установленные на силовой раме гидродомкраты, концы штоков которых связаны замкнутым, кольцевым ножом £ϊ]·Known uprooter, mounted on the boom of a hydraulic manipulator and holding jaw clamps with a hydraulic drive pivotally mounted on a suspended power frame, hydraulic jacks vertically and diametrically mounted on the power frame, the ends of the rods of which are connected by a closed ring knife £ ϊ] ·

Однако такие корчеватели недостаточно надежны в работе, вследствие того, что при вертикальном корчевании посредством домкратов с одновременной или даже предварительной обрезкой боковых корней очень трудно обеспечить усилие, необходимое для разрушения всех связей центрального корня.However, such uproots are not reliable enough, due to the fact that it is very difficult to provide the force necessary to break all the bonds of the central root when vertically lifting by means of jacks with simultaneous or even preliminary trimming of the side roots.

Однако данная конструкция не обеспечивает достаточной надежности при извлечении пней вследствие того, что силовой проворот пня парой сил после обрезания боковых корней происходит в одной горизонтальной плоскости и на небольшой угол, что не всегда позволяет после поворот³ отделить все отростки сильно развитого центрального корня от земли.However, this design does not provide sufficient reliability when removing stumps due to the fact that the stump is rotated by a couple of forces after cutting the lateral roots in the same horizontal plane and at a small angle, which does not always allow after turning ³ to separate all the processes of a strongly developed central root from the ground.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности извлечения пня и снижения усилия корчевки.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of stump extraction and reduce uproot efforts.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что направляющая труба снабжена имеющей на внутренней поверхности выступы втулкой, а конец направляющей трубы имеет пазы, в которых расположены выступы втулки, и связан посредством винтовой пары с приспособлением для захвата пня, причем гайка винтовой пары и втулка связаны между собой'гидроцилиндрами поворота приспособления для захвата пил, а кольцевой режущий орган выполнен с зубьями.This goal is achieved by the fact that the guide tube is provided with a sleeve on the inner surface, and the end of the guide pipe has grooves in which the ledges of the sleeve are located, and is connected by means of a screw pair with a device for gripping the stump, and the nut of the screw pair and the sleeve are interconnected ' hydraulic cylinders turning devices for gripping saws, and the annular cutting body is made with teeth.

На фиг. 1 изображен общий вид машины для заготовки осмола с предлагаемым корчевателем) на фиг. 2 - общий вид корчевателя; на фиг. 3 - разИзвестен корчеватель, включающий гидроцилиндр с полым штоком, в кото- 25 ром расположена направляющая труба, закрепленный на полом штоке кольцевой режущий орган и приспособление для захвата пня с гидроцилиндрами его поворота вокруг направляющей трубы [2JQIn FIG. 1 shows a general view of the machine for preparing osmol with the proposed uprooter) in FIG. 2 - general view of the uprooter; in FIG. 3 - times The uprooter is known, including a hydraulic cylinder with a hollow rod, in which a guide pipe is located, an annular cutting element fixed to the hollow rod and a device for gripping the stump with its rotation cylinders around the guide pipe [2JQ

784 8 3ϋ j,·..’?. д-л Фиг. 2', на фиг. 4 - разрез784 8 3ϋ j, · .. ’?. dl Fig. 2 ', in FIG. 4 - section

Б-Б фиг. 2.BB FIG. 2.

Корчеватель 1 навешивается на стрелу гидроманипулятора 2, установленного на самоходном шасси 3 с прицепным .контейнером 4.The tiller 1 is hung on the boom of the hydraulic manipulator 2 mounted on a self-propelled chassis 3 with a towed container 4.

Корчеватель включает в себя гидро- 5 цилиндр с полым штоком 5, на котором 'закреплена жесткая конструкция с кольцевым режущим органом 6 в нижней части и вертикальными дугообразными ребрами 7, равномерно по окружности. Кор-10 пус 8 гидроцилиндра жестко связан со стрелой 2. Кольцевой режущий орган 6 выполнен зубчатым,высота его коль20 ца равна длине хода поршня гидроцилиндра, а высота его зубьев 9, выполненных!5 в виде клиньев с расширяющимися к верху режущими кромками, соответствует половине высоты кольца режущего органа 6. В полости штока 5 гидроцилиндра проходит направляющая труба 10, жестко закрепленная верхним концом на корпусе гидроцилиндра 8. На нижнем конце направляющей трубы 10 выполнена резьба и на нее надета гайка 11, на которой шарнирно закреплены три приводные (посред ством гидроцилиндров 12) челюсти 13 приспособления для захвата пня. 'The eradicator includes a hydro-cylinder 5 with a hollow rod 5, on which a rigid structure is fixed with an annular cutting body 6 in the lower part and vertical arcuate ribs 7, uniformly around the circumference. Kor-10 hub 8 of the hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected with the boom 2. The annular cutting organ 6 is gear, the height of its ring is equal to the stroke length of the hydraulic cylinder piston, and the height of its teeth 9 made! 5 in the form of wedges with cutting edges extending to the top corresponds to half the height of the ring of the cutting organ 6. In the cavity of the rod 5 of the hydraulic cylinder passes a guide pipe 10, rigidly fixed with its upper end to the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 8. At the lower end of the guide pipe 10, a thread is made and a nut 11 is put on it, on which three drive (by means of hydraulic cylinders 12) jaws 13 devices for gripping the stump. ''

Кроме того, на гайке 11 выполнены рычаги 14, которые в диаметрально противоположеных точках посредством поворотных гидроцилиндров 15 связаны с аналогичными рычагами 16. Рычаги _ж 16 смонтированы на втулке 17,. которая установлена в пазах 18, выполненных также на нижнем конце направляю- 35 щей трубы 10. Гидроцилиндры 15 установлены так, что их штоки направлены в противоположные стороны, эти гидроцилиндры вместе с рычагами 14 образуют относительно оси направляющей трубы пару сил. Ребра 7, жестко связанные с кольцевым режущим органом 6, имеют плоские участки 19, выступающие над поверхностью режущего органа 6.In addition, the nut 11 are levers 14, which are diametrically opposed pivot points by means of hydraulic cylinders 15 associated with the same lever 16. The levers 16 are mounted on the _rail sleeve 17 ,. which is installed in the grooves 18, also made on the lower end of the guide pipe 10. The hydraulic cylinders 15 are installed so that their rods are directed in opposite directions, these hydraulic cylinders together with levers 14 form a pair of forces relative to the axis of the guide pipe. The ribs 7, rigidly connected with the annular cutting body 6, have flat sections 19 protruding above the surface of the cutting organ 6.

Работает корчёватель следующим образом.The trowel works as follows.

Стрелой 2 корчеватель 1 устанавливается на пень нижним торцом гайки 11 приспособления для захвата пня. Подается рабочая жидкость в гидроцйлиндры 12 и челюсти 13, расположенные между собой под 120^е, захватывают пень за надземную часть. Затем рабочая жидкость подается в бесштоковую полость гидроцилиндра, и жесткая кон- $$ струкция из ребер 7 и режущего органа 6 внедряется в грунт на высоту кольца режущего органа 6. При этом в грунт внедряются участки 19 плоских ребер 7. При внедрении в грунт зубья 60 ? своими режущими кромками перерезают или перерывают большую часть боковых корней. Далее подается рабочая жид\ кость в цилиндры 15 , и под действием пары сил гайка 11 вместе с приспособ- 65 лением для захвата пня и .пнем прев рачивается на угол, соответствующи ходу гидроцилиндров 15. При этом у- > ки 19 ребер 7 препятствуют повороту режущего органа 6. В связи с тем, что гайка 11 находится в резьбовом соединении с трубой 10, то одноврем ’tно с проворотом она будет поднимать ся, увлекая за собой пень и способствуя не только перекручиванию но и разрыву связей центрального корня пня. При повороте об режущие кромки зубьев 9 перерезаются боковые корни пня. Движение гайки 11 вверх заставит подняться по пазам 18 втулку 17 с рычагами 16. После этого жидкость подается в другие полости цилиндров 15, и они возвращаются, а также возвращают в исходное положение связанные с ними элементы. Далее стрелой 2 пень свободно извлекается из земли и после отряхивания, например, с помощью вибратора, направляется в прицепной конвейер 4. Возвращается висходное положение кольцевой режущий орган 6, и посредством гидроцилиндро₽ 12 пень разжимается и падает в кон- . тейнер. После этого машина готова к извлечению очередного пня.Arrow 2 uproader 1 is installed on the stump with the lower end of the nut 11 of the device for gripping the stump. The working fluid is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 12 and the jaw 13, located between themselves under 120 ^e , capture the stump over the aerial part. Then, the working fluid is supplied to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and a rigid structure of ribs 7 and the cutting organ 6 is introduced into the soil to the height of the ring of the cutting organ 6. In this case, sections 19 of the flat ribs 7 are introduced into the soil. When teeth 60 are introduced into the soil ? with their cutting edges cut or cut through most of the lateral roots. Next, the working fluid is supplied to the cylinders 15, and under the action of a pair of forces, the nut 11, together with the device for gripping the stump and the stump, is turned by an angle corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders 15. In this case, u -> 19 ribs 7 prevent rotation cutting organ 6. Due to the fact that the nut 11 is in threaded connection with the pipe 10, it will simultaneously rise with a twist, pulling the stump along with it and contributing not only to twisting but also breaking the bonds of the central root of the stump. When turning about the cutting edges of the teeth 9, the lateral roots of the stump are cut. The movement of the nut 11 up will cause the sleeve 17 with levers 16 to rise along the grooves 18. After this, the fluid is supplied to the other cavities of the cylinders 15 and they return, as well as return the elements associated with them to their original position. Then, with a boom 2, the stump is freely removed from the ground and, after shaking, for example, using a vibrator, is sent to the trailed conveyor 4. The ring cutting organ 6 is returned to its upright position, and with the help of the hydraulic cylinder 12, the stump is unclenched and falls into the end. trainer. After that, the machine is ready to extract another stump.

Таким образом, обеспечение в предлагаемой конструкции возможности проворота пня с обрезанными боковыми корнями вокруг оси с одновременным еТо подъемом и исключение при этом изгибающих нагрузок на стрелу гидроманипулятора позволяет значительно повысить надежность^, следовательно, и эффективность предлагаемого корчевателя в работе по сравнению с известным.Thus, the possibility of turning the stump with the cut off lateral roots around the axis with simultaneous ETO lifting and the elimination of bending loads on the boom of the hydraulic manipulator can significantly increase the reliability ^, therefore, the efficiency of the proposed eradicator in comparison with the known one.

Кроме того, предлагаемая конструкция яв’ляется более эффективной еще за счет снижения в ней по сравнению с прототипом усилия, необходимого для обрезания корней и металлоемкости конструкции.In addition, the proposed design is even more effective due to the reduction in it compared with the prototype of the effort required to cut the roots and metal structure.

Claims

The invention relates to mounted mechanisms for stump removal and can be used in the forest industry. A stub lifter, hinged on the hydraulic manipulator arm, and with a hydraulic actuator jaw jaws that are hydraulically driven vertically and diametrically mounted on the power frame, are mounted on the power frame, the ends of the rods are connected by a closed, annular knife fl. However, such lifters are not reliable enough in operation, due to the fact that with vertical uprooting by means of jacks with simultaneous or even preliminary pruning of the side roots, it is very difficult to provide the force required to destroy all bonds of the central root. There is a well-known shredder that includes a hydraulic cylinder with a hollow rod, in which a guide tube is located, an annular cutting member fixed on the hollow stem, and a device for gripping the billet with a hydraulic cylinder e turning around the guide tube. However, this design does not provide sufficient reliability when removing stumps due to that the force cranking of a mon with a pair of forces after cutting the side roots occurs in the same horizontal plane and at a small angle, which does not always allow after rotation - to separate everything grew Wells highly developed central root from the ground. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the extraction of mon and reduce the effort of clearing. The goal is achieved by the fact that the guide tube is provided with a sleeve on the inner surface, and the end of the guide tube has grooves in which the sleeve tabs are located, and is connected by means of a screw pair with a screw g for gripping mon, and the nut of the screw pair and sleeve is interlocked between the hydraulic cylinders of rotation of the device for gripping saws, and the annular cutting body are made with teeth. FIG. Figure 1 shows a general view of an osmol billet machine with a proposed lifter; in fig. 2 - a general view of the lifter; in fig. 3 - timesP ..v. ll fng. 2, in FIG. 4 - section J-1-; FIG. 2. Roofer 1 is mounted on the page of the hydraulic manipulator 2 mounted on a self-propelled chassis 3 with a trailer container 4. Roofer includes a hydraulic cylinder with a hollow rod 5, on which; a rigid structure with a ring cutting body 6 is fixed at the bottom hour and vertical arcuate ribs 7, uniformly around the circumference. The cylinder 8 of the hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected to the boom 2. The ring cutting organ 6 is serrated, the height of its ring is equal to the stroke length of the hydrocylon piston, and the height of its teeth 9, made in the form of wedges with cutting edges extending to the top cutting body 6. In the cavity of the stem 5 of the hydraulic cylinder passes the guide tube 10, rigidly fixed with the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder Kopny.ce 8. At the lower end of the guide tube 1.0 there is a thread and a nut 11 is attached to it ( Osred stvom hydraulic cylinders 12) jaw means for gripping 13 Tue. In addition, levers 14 are made on the nut 11, which at diametrically opposite points by means of rotary hydraulic cylinders 15 are connected to similar levers 16. The levers 16 are mounted on the hub 17 ,. which is installed in the grooves 18, also made at the lower end of the guide tube 10. The hydraulic cylinders 15 are mounted so that their rods are directed in opposite directions, these hydraulic cylinders and levers 14 form a pair of forces about the axis of the guide. The ribs 7, which are rigidly connected with the annular cutting body b, have flat sections 19 protruding above the surface of the cutting organ 6. The lifter operates as follows. With the arrow 2, the lifter 1 is mounted on the stump by the bottom end of the nut 11 of the grip attachment device. The working fluid is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 12 and the jaws 13, interconnected under 120, I capture. stump for the aboveground part. The working fluid is then fed into the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the rigid structure from the ribs 7 and the cutting member 6 is inserted into the ground at the height of the ring of the cutting member b. At the same time, sections 19 of flat ribs 7 are inserted into the ground. When inserted into the soil, the tooth 9 with its cutting edges cuts or tears most of the lateral roots. Next, the working fluid is supplied to the cylinders 15, and under the action of a couple of forces, the nut 11 together with the device for gripping mon and pn-M is turned to w1ol, corresponding to the course of the hydraulic cylinders 15. At the same time, ki 19 ribs 7 prevent the cutting member 6 from turning. Due to the fact that the nut 11 is in threaded connection with the pipe 10, then at the same time, but with a twist, it will lift with, dragging along the stump and contributing not only to the twisting but also breaking the connections of the central root of the mon. When turning about the cutting edges of the teeth 9, the lateral roots are cut. The upward movement of the nut 11 will cause the sleeve 17 with the levers 16 to rise along the grooves 18. After that, the fluid is fed into the other cavities of the cylinders 15, and they return, and the associated elements are returned to their original position. Then, the boom 2 is freely removed from the ground and, after being removed, for example, by means of a vibrator, is sent to the trailed conveyor 4. The ring cutting element b returns to its initial position, and the hydraulic stump 12 expands and falls into the cone. trainer After that, the machine is ready to retrieve the next mon. Thus, the provision in the proposed design of the possibility of turning a mon with cut side roots around the axis with a single lift and eliminating bending loads on the hydraulic boom boom at the same time can significantly improve the reliability and, consequently, the efficiency of the proposed skewer as compared to famous. In addition, the proposed design is more effective due to a reduction in it compared to the prototype and the type of force required to cut the roots and the metal intensity of the structure. Claim 1.- A ratchetor comprising a hydrocylin p with a hollow stem in which a guide tube is located, an annular cutting member fixed on the hollow stem, and a fixture for. picking a mon with hydraulic cylinders turning it around a guide tube, different from the fact that, in order to increase the reliability of extracting the mon and reducing the force of the pickling, the guide tube is provided with a sleeve on the inner surface, and the end of the guide tube has grooves in which the protrusions of the sleeve are located, and are connected by means of a screw pair with a device for gripping mon, and the nut of the screw pair and the sleeve are interconnected by hydraulic cylinders. devices for chahvatsch mon.

2. The rover according to claim 1, wherein the annular cutting body is made with teeth.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. Authors certificate of the USSR, 244786, cl. A 01 G 23/06, 1966.

2. USSR author's certificate

per application 2531941, cl. A 01 G 23/06, 1978 (prototype).