SU7835A1 - Steam boiler for pulverized fuel, with superheater and air heater - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to tubular boilers, equipped with a DI I combustion chamber, a superheater and an air heater, and aims to achieve the highest ns user radiant temperature in the furnace, ensured continuous combustion and increase the temperature of the ash leaving the ash temperature. firebox.

It has been established that steam generators utilize heat more efficiently from burning fuel, if heat transfer from the heating surface is done by radiation, which is why introduction of the vertical walls of the chamber in the direction of the radiant heat is a device for treating the radiating heat. from water pipes or their equivalent parts, rolled into collectors. The disadvantage of such a device is the cooling effect of the heating surface, the single side to extinguish the burning fuel flame / whose continuity of the combustion is difficult. Heating air, but - given into the firebox, eliminates this.

zatrudionpo only partly. In addition, the temperature reached with air preheating is such that the combustion gases leave the chamber of the horon with a very high temperature, which causes the fuel to flow in any form, but to its advantage in a powdery state, as in this case, together with gaseous products of combustion, large amounts of ash are removed from the chamber, at a temperature close to its melted point.

1, the proposed boiler, in the path of the flue gases, has additional water tubes to lower the temperature of the gases to the limit at which the ash entrained by them cools so much that its tendency to stick to superheated tubes or to the walls of the chamber is greatly reduced. There is a separate Kaiipjia for cold ash.

In order to increase the surface that absorbs the radiated tenlot, the furnace space is limited on all sides by water tubes connected between each other, by means of drums and collectors, in order to form the circulation. For

Developing a high tem- perature required for maximum radiation, the air introduced into the furnace is heated in an air feeder installed in the boiler flue.

The proposed new boiler is heated in such a way that the mixture of fuel and air occurs at a point, possibly close to the axis of the chamber, which allows localization of combustion at this point and ensure its continuity. To do this, fuel and air are introduced into the combustion chamber in two or several places with jets directed towards: 1Insl1 | H) but tangent to the upholstered Kjjyry, which causes restructuring (and facilitates rapid replenishment of the air with the air and its combustion.

The drawing of FIG. 1 shows the proposed boiler in longitudinal section; FIG. 2, section, but lines II-C of FIG. one; FIG. I, the same, horizontal section but lnpi W-SH FIG. one; FIG. 4-modified boiler in section but line IV-IV of FIG. five; FIG. 5 is the same longitudinal section; FIG. however, a vertical section through the V-V lines of FIG. five; FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of another modification of the boiler; FIG. 8 is a partial section, but which removes modifications of the method of introducing fuel into the furnace; FIG. 9 and 10 show the shape of the nlamy, obtained by means of the devices shown in FIG. 5 and 6; FIG. II depicts a longitudinal section of a modified boiler on Vn-T Pfig. 12; FIG. 12-horizontal section along Vni-Vin FIG. eleven; FIG. 13-boiler collector, connected to the lower drums using external pipes; FIG. 14-vertical section of a modified boiler.

FIG. 1, 2 and 3, the combustion space A is limited to four rows of vertical pipes 7, 8, 9, 10 and inclined pipes I and 13. The pipes 7, with their upper ends, enter the drum 14, and the lower ends enter the drum 15. The pipes 13 are inclined to the horizon and connect the drums 17 and 15. The pipes 11 are also inclined to the horizon and enter at their ends respectively

p drums} f and 14. The piping 8 with nanoNP1GP ends is connected to the collector 19 of rectangular cross section, which is supplied from the drum 15. and the upper ones - to the collector 20 of rectangular cross section coming from the drum 16. Similarly, the pipes 10 are connected to the lower collector 21 and with the upper collector -2, running respectively from the drums 15 and 16. The pipes are arranged so that water can move from the lower drum to Pernipa in one direction, and the length of the path is one accumulator of all the pipes. Iprlbdpi 1G and If) sood || P1) with the help of 2N pipes, located in the United States and the Camo and Obj: the descending nuio tube of the nicruli cyopic system. The flow from the upper drum 16 runs down the pipes 28 into the drum 15 and is added to the pipes 7, 8, P, 10, 11 and 1 I back into the drum 16. The latter is suspended from the steel structure part 30, which, due to the fact that pipes 7, 9 and 13 are bent and that pipes 8 and 10 are connected to the collectors, allowing the boiler to expand and contract without exposing its parts to unwanted voltages.

As shown in Fig. 4. Each of the pipes 7, 8, 9 and 10 is provided, on opposite sides, with fins 23, which, by the installation of the pipes, overlap each other, forming a gas-impermeable chamber, which is also closed with five sides insulating material 24 and the casing 25; These parts can have a very light construction, as they are exposed to temperatures that are slightly above the water temperature in the tubes. The ribs 23 prevent the deposition of ash between the tubes, which could happen if there was some kind of brickwork between the latter.

The combustion chamber A is open from the bottom and communicates with an ashpit 26 located near the ashpit pipe 27. The ashpit can be provided with partitions (not shown in the drawing) in order to cause the gases to change their direction,

With lateral collectors with. The end stems of the boilers consist of pipes d connecting the upper collectors e, diverging from the steam pipeline, with lateral collectors / diverging from the drums b, the upper part of the boilers is formed by pipes L running between the collectors with and the fitting, d, the lower part boiler-tubes r, running between the drums b and collector A; located parallel to the collector d vertically below it, approximately at the level of the drums & . All of the above mentioned pipes are designed to form external limiting walls, which can, with or without the masonry behind them, retain gases, except where

. openings are provided for the exit of combustion products and solid precipitates. Tubes Z connecting the separator d with the collector 1-, and tubular batteries t, o, connected to the collector ", are divided into 11) 01: dividing into four chambers locked at the corners with a light wall of the refractory

 material, go, oh but diagonal between rows of pipes; The passage through the walls (not shown in the drawing) of the burner injects fuel and air into the center of the chambers, as indicated by the ticking lines. that would cause a vortex of combustible mixture. The thin outside of the pipe connects the steam tube to each it3 drum h and serves as the downpipe of the circulation system. Under these conditions, all the pipes forming the walls and walls are thin are the ascending pipes of the circulation system.

FIG. 14 Arrangements remain so; e. with the only difference that luiec / ro is the collector /; h there are barabians, t, and that the collectors e, n move away from the drum, r {s, the collectors are the same f, o-from the drum Y

. If it is difficult to heat the boiler shown in the drawing from all four corners of each chamber, due to the inaccessibility of the angles converging between themselves in the center of the kiln, heating can be performed only with HOMOHUI three burners for each chamber. In this case, pipes I, instead of being interrupted in the middle of the length of the necator, as shown in the mortar, can go continuously but this length of it; tubes lg, a secondary battery t, o, can also be located along the entire length of the collectors n and o.

As a result of the device proposed, such a system is obtained which, since it is a matter of steam generation. It can be a single unit, but it consists of two or more circulation units equipped with separate heating chambers.

11 redemtn. A and nt a.,

1. Steam boiler for pulverized fuel, with a superheater and air heater, characterized by a cumulative example: a) a chamber A (Figs 1, 2 and L) surrounded on all sides by heating surfaces formed by a series of heating tubes with longitudinal side ribs 2. drummed into drums 14. 1G), 16 and 17 and collectors 10, 20 of rectangular section, what the combustion chamber is surrounded on five sides with insulating elements, they have jacks and is provided with an outlet for the cans through the intertubular space of the usual round tubes 13; b) a dust-burning device consisting of 36 slit-shaped mouthpieces 31 surrounded by air cages, located at the four corners of the combustion chamber and feeding aeroyl into the furnace but directions approximately tangent to the circumference of the furnace in order to obtain a twist; c) drums 14, jf), 10 and 17. collectors 1). 20 AND BOILER pipes 7, n, 1, K) and 11 are located in such a way that boiling water from the drum 15 into the external collecting pipes 28 connected to it can not come together with one of the pipe systems (7, 14, or 13 , Oh, NLP 19. 8.20, or 21. 10, 22) with approximately the same length of the path, n

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upward chimney with space; epps in the letters successively with a superheater 37 and air preheating heater Y5.

2.Bidoismoppspine of the tsar boiler, characterized in paragraph 1, characterized in that the hollow mouthpieces 41 (Fig. 4, 5 and 6) are not set at the corners, but in two opposite stacks of the steam boiler, with ax pp, right wing vnp towards each other, in order to obtain a vortex (Fig. 9 and 10), and the fact that the gases from the combustion chamber A are not led downwards, but upwards through the gaps between the tubes 11. for supplying them to the superheater and the air preheater, located above the boiler.

3. Vdoizyenennaya okharavterizovannogo in pp. 1 n 2 narovoj votl, otliR. H

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The use of low-placed mouthpieces 41 placed horizontally and opposite to each other (Fig. 8) and the addition of a sucker 18 connected to the drums 14 and 16 (Fig. 7).

4. Modification characterized in clause 1 of the boiler, characterized in that two or several boilers using a common steam collector (Fig. 11 and 12), a common middle collector k n of the middle tube batteries, o (Fig. 12) are connected in such a common system in which each of the boilers attached to the common system has its own independent furnace and is equipped with four. or, in case of difficulties in the formulation, with three nozzles for the air inlet.

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