SU773913A1

SU773913A1 - Multivibrator

Info

Publication number: SU773913A1
Application number: SU792733915A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виктор Павлович Заярный
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3697
Priority date: 1979-03-07
Filing date: 1979-03-07
Publication date: 1980-10-23

Description

Изобретение относится к импульсной технике и может быть использовано в качестве источника мощных сигналов прямоугольной формы. jThe invention relates to a pulse technique and can be used as a source of powerful rectangular signals. j

Известен мультивибратор, который может быть использован в качестве источника мощных импульсов прямоугольной формы. Мультивибратор собран по схеме симметрично мультивибрато- |θ ру с коллекторно-базовыми связями с выходным трансформатором (1).Known multivibrator, which can be used as a source of powerful pulses of a rectangular shape. The multivibrator is assembled according to the scheme symmetrically multivibrator | θ ru with collector-base connections with the output transformer (1).

Недостатком этого мультивибратора является большие габариты и вес.The disadvantage of this multivibrator is its large size and weight.

Наиболее близким по технической 15 сущности к предлагаемому изобретению является мультивибратор, который собран на транзисторах с коллекторно-базовыми емкостными связями И содержит эмиттерные повторите- 20 ли в цепях заряда времязадающих конденсаторов, разделительные диоды, включенные между коллекторами основных транзисторов и времяэадающими конденсаторами, и резисторы 25 в цепях коллекторов основных транзисторов . При работе мультивибратора на выходе эмиттерных повторителей образуются импульсы напряжения прямоугольной формы [2]. 30The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a multivibrator, which is assembled on transistors with collector-base capacitive couplings and contains emitter repeats in the charge circuits of time-setting capacitors, isolation diodes connected between the collectors of the main transistors and time-consuming capacitors, and resistors 25 in the collector circuits of the main transistors. When the multivibrator is operating, rectangular voltage pulses are generated at the output of the emitter followers [2]. thirty

Недостатком этого мультивибратора является ограниченная амплитуда выходных импульсов напряжения изза неполного насыщения транзисторов эмиттерных повторителей, которое обусловлено тем, 470 минимальное напряжение коллектор-эмиттер транзистора равно сумме напряжения на его переходе база-эмиттер и падению напряжения на резисторе в цепи коллектора основного транзистора при его закрытом состоянии и связанные с этим потери мощности.The disadvantage of this multivibrator is the limited amplitude of the output voltage pulses due to the incomplete saturation of the emitter follower transistors, which is due to the fact that the 470 minimum collector-emitter voltage of the transistor is equal to the sum of the voltage at its base-emitter junction and the voltage drop across the resistor in the collector circuit of the main transistor when it is closed and associated power loss.

Цель изобретения - увеличение амплитуды импульсов выходного напряжения и повьадение коэффициента полезного действия.The purpose of the invention is the increase in the amplitude of the pulses of the output voltage and the increase in the efficiency.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в мультивибратор, содержащий два транзисторных инвертора, охваченные емкостными коллекторно-базовыми обратньми связями, дополнительные транзисторы в цепях заряда времяэадающих конденсаторов, разделительные диоды, включенные между коллекторами транзисторов инверторов и времязадающими конденсаторами, в каждый из его каскадов введены дополнительный диод и конденсатор, причем дополнительный диод включен последовательно в коллекторную цепь между коллекторным резистором и шиной питания, а конденсатор включен между анодом разделительного диода и общей точкой коллекторного резистора и дополнительного диода.This goal is achieved by the fact that in a multivibrator containing two transistor inverters covered by capacitive collector-base feedbacks, additional transistors in the charge circuits of time-consuming capacitors, isolation diodes connected between the collectors of transistors of inverters and time-setting capacitors, an additional diode is introduced into each of its stages and a capacitor, the additional diode being connected in series to the collector circuit between the collector resistor and the power bus, and the capacitor Anator is connected between the anode of the isolation diode and the common point of the collector resistor and the auxiliary diode.

На чертеже представлена принципиальная схема устройства.The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a device.

Устройство содержит инверторы, собранные на транзисторах 1 и 2, Ю резисторы .3-6 и конденсаторы 7 и 8. Базы дополнительных транзисторов 9 и 10, которые включены по схеме с. общим коллектором, подключены соответственно к коллекторам транзис- 15 торов 1 и 2. К эмиттерам транзисторов 9 и 10 одним выводом подключены времязадающие конденсаторы 7 и 8, другие выводы которых соединены с базами транзисторов 1 и 2, а. между jQ эмиттерами и базами транзисторов 9 и 10 включены разделительные диоды 11 и 12. Резисторы 3 и 4 одним выводом соответственно через диоды ГЗ и 14 соединены с клеммой источника пи- __ тания и через конденсаторы 15 и 16 с эмиттерами транзисторов 9 и 10.The device contains inverters assembled on transistors 1 and 2, 10 resistors. 3-6 and capacitors 7 and 8. The base of additional transistors 9 and 10, which are included in the scheme with. by a common collector, respectively connected to the collectors of transistors 15 of torres 1 and 2. To the emitters of transistors 9 and 10, one output terminal is connected to a timing capacitor 7 and 8, the other terminals of which are connected to the bases of transistors 1 and 2, a. Separation diodes 11 and 12 are connected between jQ emitters and the bases of transistors 9 and 10. Resistors 3 and 4 are connected via a single output through diodes GZ and 14 to the power supply terminal and, through capacitors 15 and 16, to the emitters of transistors 9 and 10.

Мультивибратор работает следующим образом.Multivibrator works as follows.

Пусть в произвольный момент времени транзистор 1 открыт, а транзисторы 30 2 и 9 соответственно закрыты. Конденсатор 15 заряжается от источника питания через диоды 13 и 11 и транзистор 1 до напряжения E_d . Напряжение на выходе этого плеча U_6bl1t минимальное 35 и равно сумме напряжений на диоде 11 и переходе коллектор-эмиттер открытого транзистора 1 : = Цд, + U_Krt.Let the transistor 1 is open at an arbitrary time moment, and the transistors 30 2 and 9 are respectively closed. The capacitor 15 is charged from the power source through the diodes 13 and 11 and the transistor 1 to a voltage of E _d . The voltage at the output of this arm U _{6bl1t is} minimum 35 and is equal to the sum of the voltages at diode 11 and the collector-emitter junction of the open transistor 1: = Tsd, + U _Krt .

. Конденсатор 16 в этот момент времени разряжается через резистор 4 и переход база-эмиттер транзистора 10, обеспечивая глубокое насыщение транзистора 10.. The capacitor 16 at this point in time is discharged through the resistor 4 and the base-emitter junction of the transistor 10, providing a deep saturation of the transistor 10.

Диод 14 под действием приложенного через открытый тринЗистор 10 на- 45 пряжения конденсатора 16 смещен в обратном направлении, исключая возможность разряда конденсатора 16 через источник питания и цепи нагрузки мультивибратора. 50The diode 14 under the action of the voltage of the capacitor 16 applied through an open trinZistor 10 is biased in the opposite direction, eliminating the possibility of discharging the capacitor 16 through the power source and the multivibrator load circuit. fifty

Напряжение на выходе второго племаксимальное и равно разности напряжения питания и напряжения коллектор-эмиттер насыщенного транзистора 10: υ^= Е -0^. 55The voltage at the output of the second tribaximal and equal to the difference between the supply voltage and the collector-emitter voltage of the saturated transistor 10: υ ^ = Е -0 ^. 55

После опрокидывания мультивибратора открыт транзистор 2, а транзис-¹торы 1 и 10 соответственно закрыты. Конденсатор 15 в этот момент времени разряжается через резистор 3 и переход база-эмиттер транзистора 9,обеспечивая глубокое насыщение транзистора 9, диод 13 смещен в обратном направлении, а выходное напряжение первого плеча максимальное и равно разности напряжения питания и напряжения коллектор-эмиттер транзистора 9 : U_0blx= E_n - U_KH .В этот же момент конденсатор 16 заряжается от источника питания через диоды 12 и 14 и транзистор 2, а напряжение на выходе второго плеча минимальное и равно сум,ме напряжений на диоде 12' и переходе коллектор-эмиттер транзистора 10: = U_A + 0_ки . Таким образом,введение диодов 13 и 14 и конденсаторов 15 и 16 позволяет снизить напряжение коллектор-эмиттер транзисторов 9 и 10 за счет обеспечения их глубокого насыщения, тем самым увеличить амплитуду выходных импульсов и уменьшить мощность рассеяния на этих транзисторах.After tipping multivibrator transistor 2 is open, and tori tranzis- ¹ 1 and 10, respectively, are closed. The capacitor 15 at this point in time is discharged through the resistor 3 and the base-emitter junction of the transistor 9, providing a deep saturation of the transistor 9, the diode 13 is biased in the opposite direction, and the output voltage of the first arm is maximum and is equal to the difference between the supply voltage and the collector-emitter voltage of the transistor 9: U _0blx = E _n - U _KH . At the same time, the capacitor 16 is charged from the power source through diodes 12 and 14 and transistor 2, and the voltage at the output of the second arm is minimal and equal to the sum of the voltages at the diode 12 'and the collector-emitter junction trance History 10: = U _A + 0 _ki. Thus, the introduction of diodes 13 and 14 and capacitors 15 and 16 can reduce the collector-emitter voltage of transistors 9 and 10 by ensuring their deep saturation, thereby increasing the amplitude of the output pulses and reduce the dissipation power on these transistors.

Claims

This invention relates to a pulse technique and can be used as a source of powerful square wave signals. A multivibrator is known that can be used as a source of high-power rectangular pulses. A multivibrator is assembled according to a symmetrical scheme of a multivibrator with collector-base connections with an output transformer .1. The disadvantage of this multivibrator is the large size and weight. Most closely to the technical essence of the present invention is a multivibrator, which is assembled on transistors with collector-base capacitive connections and contains emitter followers in charge circuits. diodes connected to the main transistor collectors and time capacitors, and resistors in the collectors of the main transistors. In operation, the multivibrator output emitter-follower voltage pulses are formed in a rectangular shape (.21. Multivibrator disadvantage of this is to limit the amplitude of the output voltage pulses due to incomplete saturation tranzistoryuv emitter-follower, which is caused by the fact that the minimum voltage of the collector-emitter voltage of the transistor equal to the sum voltage on its base-emitter junction and voltage drop across a resistor in the collector circuit of the main transistor when it is closed and connected to these power loss. The purpose of the invention is to increase the amplitude of the output voltage pulses and the increase in the efficiency. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a multivibrator containing two power inverters covered by capacitive collector-base couplings, additional transistors in circuits Yes, the time of the specified capacitors, the separation diodes connected between the collectors of the transistors of the inverters and the time of the driving capacitors, an additional diode and terminal are inserted into each of its stages ensator, wherein the additional diode is connected in series in the collector circuit between the collector resistor and the power bus, and of capacitors connected between the anode of the diode split ceiling elements and the common point of the collector resistor and an additional diode. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the device. The device contains inverters assembled on transistors 1 and 2, resistors .3-6 and capacitors 7 and 8. Base additional transistors 9 and 10, which are included according to the scheme with. common collector, connected respectively to the collectors of transistors 1 and 2. To emitter 1M of transistors 9 and 10 one output connected time specifying capacitors 7 and 8, the other conclusions of which are connected to the bases of transistors 1 and 2, A. between emitters and bases of transistors 9 and 10 dividing diodes 11 and 12 are turned on. Resistors 3 and 4 are connected by one output through diodes 13 and 14 to the power supply terminal and through capacitors 15 and 16 to the emitters of transistors 9 and 10. The multivibrator operates as follows. Let transistor 1 be open at an arbitrary time, and transistors 2 and 9, respectively, closed. The capacitor 15 is charged from the source pi through diodes 13 and 11 and transistor 1 to the voltage E ,. The voltage at the output of this arm U ,,, is the minimum l and is equal to the sum of the voltages on diode 1 and the collector-emitter junction of the open transistor 1:, f to “Capacitor 16 at this time is discharged through the resistor 4 and the emitter of the transistor 10 provides for a deep saturation of the transistor 10. The diode 14 under the action of the capacitor 16 applied through the open trinistor 10 is shifted in the reverse direction, eliminating the possibility of the discharge of the capacitor 16 through the power supply and the load circuit of the multivibrator. The voltage at the output of the second wave is maximum and is equal to the difference between the supply voltage and the voltage of the collector-emitter of the saturated transistor 10: U E-i. After the multivibrator overturns, transistor 2 is open, and transistors 1 and 10 are respectively closed. At this time, capacitor 15 is discharged through resistor 3 and base-emitter junction of transistor 9, providing deep saturation of transistor 9, diode 13 is biased in the opposite direction, and the output voltage of the first arm is maximum and is equal to the difference in supply voltage and collector voltage the emitter of transistor 9: Ug, Ej, - and. At the same time, the capacitor 16 is charged from the power source through diodes 12 and 14 and the transistor 2, and the voltage at the output of the second arm is minimum and is equal to the sum of the voltages on the diode 12 and the junction collector emitter tra So, the introduction of dksd 13 and 14 and the capacitors 15 and 16 can reduce the collector-emitter voltage of transistors 9 and 10 by ensuring their deep saturation, thereby increasing the amplitude of the elastic pulses and reducing the power dissipation these transistors. Invention Multi-vibrator containing two transistor inverters, covered by capacitive collector-base feedbacks, additional transistors in charge circuits, time of driving capacitors, separation diodes connected between collectors of inverter transistors and time-dependent capacitors characterized by In order to increase the amplitude of the output voltage pulses and the efficiency, an additional diode and a capacitor were inserted into each of its stages, and an additional diode It is serially connected in the collector circuit between collector resistor and the power bus and the capacitor is connected between the anode of the diode and separating the common point of the collector resistor and an additional diode. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR 369685, cl. H 03 K 3 / 282.14.07.71.

2. USSR author's certificate number 502483, cl. H 03 K 3 / 282,11.04.74.