SU77314A1 - Automatic air brake direct action - Google Patents

Description

Gradual tempering is just as important a means of controlling brakes as staged braking. On long and steep descents, a stepped release brake provides control and is inexhaustible; In short subway trains And suburban speeding is particularly valuable, taking frequent train stops (in 2-5 minutes).

However, as the length of trains increases, the use of stepped vacation becomes difficult because of slow vacation, which makes it more and more difficult to control the brake on the flat profiles. J1 .. This has caused the appearance of various devices, but, having given some improvement, they do not give such a light leave as that of non-brakes.

The proposed brake has easy tempering according to the type of non-retarding brakes and inexhaustible according to the type of the intervening brakes, but within limited limits on descents up to 12-15% o. For descents above 12-15 ° / oo, the principle of the current type brake is retained: with inexhaustibility and st} T1-release. Transition from - the easy light holiday "and step ot15

The Code Issue 12, 1949

The switch is made by a tap that changes the direction of air movement during tempering. Thus, the combined use of direct action during braking and indirect action during tempering solves the problem of obtaining easy vacations and inexhaustibility.

Considering that long and steep descents of more than 12-15% are on a very minor stretch of the Soviet railways, switching from one mode to another in exploitation will not solve the difficulties.

In all brakes, especially for those operating, the vacation in the head of the train is far ahead of the vacation in the tail of the train, which sharply violates the smoothness of handling. In the proposed brake, the vacation occurs evenly around the entire train and ends at the same time on all the cars.

When the brakes are charged, compressed air from the line through the canal Lam 21, 23, 24, 42, 43, 44 and 45 enters the working (additional) chamber and simultaneously via channels 46, 47 and 48 into the spool chamber through the channels 21, 22 , 35, 36 and 37 - in a spare tank. Hole 56 in the cylinder serves

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for charging the working chamber in the mountain mode of tormoza.

When the air pressure in the line for service braking leaves, the piston (together with the shut-off valve 3) moves to the right and additional discharge occurs, in which air enters the channels 1, 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27, through a check valve 12 and channels 28, 29 li 30 in the brake cylinder. The piston / moves further along with the spool 2 to the right until the gasket l is discharged; the spool chamber is discharged through channels 49, 50, 29 and 30, and also through channels 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 29 and 30 in the brake cylinder.

As the air pressure in the spool chamber decreases, the main batch 7 rises under the action of pressure from the working chamber. By means of the scenes 9 and the frame //, the piston moves the main spool 5 to the right and the following switching of the air channels takes place: the opening of the recess 29 p. Moves from the opening of the channel 28 and thus the valve turns off the main line; The gap 29 and the channel 50 are separated and the fast discharge of the camera zooms out; Channels 35 and 22 are disconnected and direct connection of the reserve tank to the line is terminated and finally the brake cylinder is connected to the reserve tank via channels 30, 29, 39, 38, 36 and 37.

When the amount of air pressure in the brake cylinder and chamber 31 on the spool 13 exceeds the pressure of the springs 14 and 15, the piston will shift to the right together with the balancing spool 6. The speed of movement of the piston and the balancing spool to the right, determined by the rate of increase of air pressure in the brake cylinder, depends on the speed the movement of the main piston 7 and the main spool 5, determined by the size of the through-holes in the valve 4, setting the deceleration mode: freight, passenger or subway.

Crane 4 in the diagram is depicted in

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position easy stepless release.

When the air pressure in the line is increased, piston 1 with spools 2 and 5 changes to the position of charging and releasing brakes shown in the diagram, in which the channel 48 of the spool coincides with channel 47 in the mirror. In this way, the line will communicate with the working chamber through channels 2T, 23, 24, 42, 43, 44 and 45 and simultaneously the working chamber with gold. through the channels 45, 46, 47 and 48. In the working and spool chambers, the air-to-air pressure is equalized, as a result of which the spring 8 lowers the vowel piston and the main spool 5 moves to the left. The spool 5 will produce a message of the brake cylinder with the atmosphere through channels 30, 29, 32, 33 and 34, i.e. a complete, continuously variable brake release.

The entry of air into the working chamber does not accelerate, but on the contrary, slows down the lowering of the main piston 7, and this deceleration is the greater, the higher the air pressure in the line: a release is made; as a result, the brake release process is aligned with the length of the train and occurs simultaneously with VO of all the cars.

To get stepped leave for the type of exploited Matrosov's brake. The mode crane 4 is set to a position in which the communication of the main with the working chamber and the communication of the working chamber with the spool chamber overlap and direct communication of the main with the gold chamber is established through channels 21, 23, 24, 42, 43, 55, 47 and 48 As a result of this, tempering is effected by the pressure of the air flowing into the spool chamber of the main line, and stepped tempering is obtained, as in the standard Matrosov brake.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. An automatic air brake of direct action with two ilk three distributing bodies and a chamber of variable or constant pressure and with a spring acting by a main distributor, distinguishing, so that, in order to carry out the Continuous and simultaneously part of a long train brake release, channels applied that, when in the vacation position, are used, the line is connected with the working (additional) chamber and the working chamber is connected with the slide valve chamber. № 77314 2. An automatic brake according to claim 1, of which I am II, and with the fact that, in order to switch to stepped-off tempering, a switching crane is used in it, which in the pop-up step-stepping stop blocks the communication of the main with the working chamber and A working chamber with a spool chamber 41 establishes a direct communication between the main line and the spool valve.