SU773021A1 - Method of making porous large-sized ceramic articles - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR MAKING POROUS

LARGE-DIMENSIONAL CERAMIC PRODUCTS The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the manufacture of wall and thermal insulating ceramic products. A known method of making porous building products from clay by layering raw granules in a mold layer by layer, expanding them onto a swollen layer of the next layer of raw granules, heat treating and cooling 1. The main disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the process of manufacturing porous ceramic products, because granules the trolley is in the process of moving it in successive layers through the transverse slots in the roof of the furnace. The next layer is laid on the heated bottom layer, stuck to it. The lower layers of the granules are subjected to repeated heat treatment, which leads to irrational fuel consumption and heterogeneity of the porous structure of the material. The closest to the proposed method is the manufacture of porous large-sized ceramic products by preliminary partial expansion of the granules, their single-layer laying into the form, subsequent expansion, cooling and cutting of the obtained block on the product. In the manufacturing process, a dense homogeneous monolithic building material with a high strength of 70–350 kg / cm is obtained (2. A disadvantage of the known method is the duration of the manufacture of articles associated with the preliminary expansion of the granules and subsequent heat treatment. The goal is achieved by the fact that, according to the method of manufacturing products, by preparing clay granules, single-layered sweeping them into a form, subsequent swelling, cooling and cutting the obtained block on the product, before laying the clay granules in the form, they are treated with coal dust; coal is packed on the layer of granules B in the form — coal with a particle size of U = 0.5–2 mm in an amount of 2–4 wt.% by weight of gly377

The following modes are used for mixing: the temperature rises for 1015 minutes to 20-40 ° C below the clay expansion temperature, holding at this temperature for 10-25 minutes, the subsequent rise

temperature for 5–10 min until the temperature of clay swelling, holding at this temperature for 3-5 minutes, subsequent temperature rise for 5–10 minutes to 10–20 ° C above the clay swelling temperature, holding at this temperature for 515 min, and cooling from the maximum temperature to 850-800 ° C is carried out for 3 4 hours, followed by a decrease in temperature to 50-40 ° C for 4-6 hours.

In the process of heat treatment, the coal burns out, raising the temperature inside the layer of granules.

leveling it in thickness. Such a technique allows. swelling of the granule formation at optimal temperatures for each raw material and the formation of a uniformly porous array structure.

PRI me R. Raw granules with a diameter of 10–12 mm are prepared from clay (by a known method), which are treated with coal dust with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm, the granules are dried to 2-3% moisture, and then in one step they are placed in a layer with a height of 50.65 and 80 mm in metal forms. On the granules laid in the layer, coal is poured with a particle size of 0.5-2 mm in the amount of 2.3 and 4 wt.

Heat treatment of the formation of granules is carried out up to 1200 ° C according to the regimes given in the 1st table.

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Claims (2)

t 7 The proposed method allows to obtain large-sized porous ceramics from clay raw materials for industrial and rural construction, as well as residential and public buildings. The invention of the method of manufacturing porous large-sized ceramic products by preparing clay granules, laying them in a single layer into a form, then expanding, cooling and cutting the block obtained, into products, characterized in that, in order to reduce the duration and to prepare products while maintaining their quality, before placing the clay granules into the form, they are treated with coal dust, coal with a particle size of 0.5–2 mm in an amount of 2–4 wt.% of the mass of clay is poured into the layer of granules, and the swelling is carried out as follows: mode: temperature rise within 10-15 minutes to a temperature of 20-40 ° C below the clay expansion temperature, held at this temperature for 10-25 minutes, followed by a temperature increase during 5-10 minutes to a clay expansion temperature, holding at this temperature within 3-5 minutes, the subsequent rise in temperature within 515 minutes, to a temperature of 10-20 ° C above the clay expansion temperature, held at this temperature for 5-15 minutes, and about 5 ° from the maximum temperature to 850-800 ° C is carried out for 3-4 hours, followed by a decrease in te perature to 50-40 ° C for 4-6 hours. The sources of the information received note in the examination information 1.Referativna VNIIESM, Seri Industries ceramic wall material and porous fillers. M., 1978, vol. 4, s, 19-23. 2. Referential information VNIIESM. Seri Industry of ceramic wall materials and porous aggregates, M., 1977, vol. 9, p. 24-28.