SU767187A1 - Grease for hot pressure-working of metals - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a grease lubricant intended for reducing tool wear during the hot working of metals by pressure, and can be used mainly in forging industry. Widely known applied. in forging and stamping production, technological lubricants containing as the basis a mixture of graphite and machine oil by 50% by volume 1. This lubricant is used to create a film that protects the working surfaces of the stamp during the formation of products from their clamping high temperatures of mountains of deformation. This lubricant has a longer service life, in addition, it does not completely eliminate the phenomenon of metal seizure and the noise of the punch, there are times {oil films of the oil film due to its low elasticity. This is due to the fact that graphite, which possesses the ability of fast sedimentation, is introduced into the composition of the lubricant, due to which the homogeneity of the consistency and, consequently, the stability of the characteristics of the lubricant is disturbed. When stamping each product, the lubricant layer on the working surfaces of the stamp needs to be updated, since the oil film at a high temperature quickly burns out. Known lubricant for hot metal processing, containing, wt.% T oleic acid 4-20, aluminum powder 5-15 and mineral oil up to 100, used in hot MeTajuiof hot conventional die, mainly aluminum and magnesium 2j. This grease can not be effectively used when shaving ferrous metals, since it has low heat resistance (up to 460 C) and does not have the ability to actively prevent wear of the working surfaces of the stamp. The closest in composition to the present invention is a lubricant for hot processing of ferrous metals by pressure, including dies, containing, by weight,%: graphite 45-50, sulfuric, vegetable oil, polyisobitene 0.3-0.4, mbnoethanolamide 2-2.5 and minral ™ WL are the rest of LLP 3. Such a lubricant possesses improved physicomechanical properties on MepV with heat resistance during the hot treatment of carbon-free-teamed steel (11pO-900 ° C). 1 However, the presence of graph particles in a lubricant does not make it resistant to sedimentation. Violation of a bale when stored for two days is accompanied by release of at least 0.5% oil. This causes: additional difficulties, St -; Mechanical, mixed lubricants. Such a lubricant is low-and short-lived. It: as follows: it helps to reduce the amount of tool wear, as it does not have a strengthening effect on its working surfaces; -..- - - -.-, -; -. Cromo TOGO, the use of sulphurous vegetable oil at high temperatures is limited to the first sanitary and hygienic norm, since one of the products of the decomposition of the fusillary condensate is dry sulfur anhydride, traded | n; n; The aim of the invention is to create a lubricant with a long service life and, at the same time, higher tool life, improved physicochemical and technological properties. In order to achieve this goal, lubricant for hot processing of the meta; on the basis of mineral oil, pressure additionally contains carbon black, alumina and jelly, potassium synosylenide, while the content of all specified ingredients should be in the following:. X, weight,%: carbon black 20–25, aluminum oxide 8–10, iron – blue. Concentrated potassium concentration 12–15 and mineral oil - the rest is up to 100. carbon black and alumina are designed to create durable, heat-resistant and good wetting the surface of the film. The use of carbon black in an amount of less than 20% makes the suspension less resistant to precipitation, more than 25% does not have a significant effect on the properties of the cm-gas. Soot marks DG-YuO, DMG-80, TM-70, TM-50, TMG-38 according to GOST 7885-68 were studied. Studies have shown that all Scrigs can be used for lubrication, as they create 66: fie% durable and inseparable films than graphite. It is better to use finely dispersed carbon black DG-100, DMG-80, TM-70. . The use of aluminum oxide up to 8% makes the lubricant not strong enough, and over 10% of aluminum oxide makes the lubricant thick, it unevenly lies on the surface of the stamp. The optimum is 9% aluminum oxide, because Makes lubrication normal viscosity. Ferrous potassium-containing potassium K 4 Fe (CN) is added to the grease to strengthen the die during operation. A K4Fe (CN) 6 content of less than 12% reduces the required depth of the hardened layer, and above 15% - a layer of lubricant is loose, with reduced microhardness. Three mixtures of ingredients, each containing 9% aluminum oxide, and 14% glandular potassium oxide, differing from doug with a content of soot equal in each mixture in series by weight, were investigated. %: 20, 22, 25, as well as the oil content - up to 100% in each mixture. The results of the first tests are shown in Table. one. . soot on the properties of the lubricant Ta15lita 1

. Three more mixtures of ingredients were studied, each containing 22% carbon black, 14% Zhelezystosyneerodisty potassium, and there was a supply of aluminum oxide.

equal in each mixture of front parts, respectively, wt.% 8 8, 9, 10, and an oil content of up to 100% in each syy. The test results are shown in table 2.

Table 2.

The effect of alumina concentration on lubricant viscosity

39.0 47.0 10

28.0

Viscosity

 To study the effect of potassium ferrocyanide ferrite on wear and tear. Effect of K4Fe (Ch) concentration on lubricant properties

 Table 3 During the operation of the iron-to-pine stamp, potassium degraded decomposes with release of nitrogen and carbon in the active state, which then diffuse into the metal, as the punches work in the heated state. The very process of stamping parts produced at 700-1250 ° C. This temperature is sufficient to diffuse the above elements into steel. As a result, a diffusion, including sublayer, reinforcing layer is created on the surface of the punch up to a depth of 20-30 microns. The durability of the dies is increased 1/31, 5 times. Glandular potassium also eliminates both the carbonized layer on the remaining stampings. The production technology consists of the following .. | The alumina, carbon black, and ferruginous synergistic potassium are separately ground to powder as powder. Each powder is put into a container, mixed well in a dry form, and then gradually added mineral oil to the required amount and fully mixed. A stable suspension of components, used as a lubricant, is obtained. Tests have shown that the optimal composition of the proposed recipe is the following lubricant composition wt.%: Steel resistance three mixtures of ingredients containing each wt%: soot 22%, alumina 9%, differing from each other, containing ferrosynerocyanide potassium, equal in each mixture successively (in wt.%): 12.13, 5.15.

Each mixture was tested separately on samples of steel 5HNV,. 5XHT, BHNM, as well as chips in production conditions.

The test results are shown in Table. 3. Soot22 Aluminum oxide 9 Ferrocyanterium potassium 14 Mineral oil Up to 100 This composition was used in comparison with the known optimal lubricant composition, selected as a prototype. For tests, samples of size lOxlOxlO mm were cut from dies worked with lubrication. The test was carried out with a roller with a diameter of 30 mm and a width of 2.5 mm of a hard alloy track with a load of BCGs. At the same time, microhardness was studied on samples and dies that worked with lubricants. Hardness measurements were made on a PTM-3 device with a load of 50 kgf, the test results are given in Table. 4. Testing of lubricants Table 4 Wear, x10 mm 66,751.35

Continuation of table 4

49,83

63.02 64.00. 49.7

Microhardness, kgf / mm

As can be seen, the proposed lubricant increases the wear resistance and microhardness of die steels by 1.31, 5 times in comparison with the known lubricant ..

Research (oval is also the service life of the proposed and known lubricants. For this lubricant was applied to the surface of the punch. It was found that the proposed lubricant was applied to the surface of the punch once when 10 parts were pressed and the lubricating and hardening properties were preserved. While Lubrication, taken on the prototype, burned out after stamping one part. -,. ,, ...., ...: ..: - ..; - - At the same time, the resistance of ITDT35 dies made of 5HNM steel was tested during the stamping of steel sheep.

as a result of the work carried out, it was found that the dies worked before the exit of the stroma: when using the known lubricant 12400 cycles, when using the proposed lubricant - 21600 cycles. Thus, the service life of the proposed lubricant is increased 10 times compared with the known lubricant.

Claims (3)

1. Sokolov, N.A. Gor, stamping by extruding steel parts. M., Mashinostroenie, 1967, p.312. 2. USSR author's certificate number 521306, cl. C 10 M 5/02, 1976. 3. Authors certificate of the USSR 502934 ,. cl. C 10 M 5/02, 1976 (prototype).