SU765606A1

SU765606A1 - Method of non-stationary thermoelectric cooling of an object

Info

Publication number: SU765606A1
Application number: SU762342125A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Лукьян Иванович Анатычук; Николай Семенович Кирпач; Сергей Иванович Нагорный; Герман Михайлович Щеголев
Original assignee: Институт Технической Теплофизики Ан Украинской Сср
Priority date: 1976-03-22
Filing date: 1976-03-22
Publication date: 1980-09-23

Description

1one

Изобретение относитс к способам охлаждени различных объектов с помощью термоэлектрическо1о эффекта и может быть использовано b холодильной технике.The invention relates to methods for cooling various objects using a thermoelectric effect and can be used in refrigeration.

Известны термоэлектрические холодильники, содержащие теплоизолированную камеру, зак.шоченную в кожух с ручкой дл переноса, термобатарею и устройство дл отжима батареи от стенок камеры с образованием воздушного зазора 1.Thermoelectric coolers are known, containing a heat-insulated chamber, locked into a case with a transfer handle, a thermopile and a device for pressing the battery from the chamber walls to form an air gap 1.

Несмотр на преимущество, присущее дан.ным термоэлектрическим холодильникам, заключающеес в кинематическом разобщении тепловой св зи термобатареи с охлаждаемым объектом, в частности со стенкам каме(}ы, с образованием воздушного зазора заданной величины , обладающего значительным тепловым сопротивлением, преп тствующим перетоку тепла от нагретого радиатора гор чих спаев в камеру при нерабочем режиме холодильника, последним присущ недостаток - невозможность обеспечени охлаждени объекта в них на температурном уровне, более tmsKOM чем оптимальный (расчетный), вследствие стационарного пропускани электрического тока через термоэлектрическую батарею.In spite of the advantage inherent in these thermoelectric coolers, consisting in the kinematic dissociation of the thermal connection of the thermopile with the object to be cooled, in particular, the walls of the chamber (}, with the formation of an air gap of a given size, which has significant thermal resistance preventing the heat from flowing from the radiator of hot junctions in the chamber when the refrigerator is in non-operating mode, the latter has its inherent disadvantage - the impossibility of ensuring the cooling of the object in them at a temperature level that is more than m optimal (calculated) due to the stationary electric current passing through the thermoelectric battery.

Известны способытермоэлектрического охлаждени объекта путем импульсного пропускани электрического тока через термоэлемент 2.Methods for thermally cooling an object by pulsing an electric current through thermoelement 2 are known.

Охлаждение объекта по этому способу возможно обеспечить на более низком температурном уровне по сравнению с оптимальным, It is possible to ensure the cooling of the object by this method at a lower temperature level as compared with the optimal one.

10 на который расчитываетс термоэлектрическа батаре . Однако после прохождени импульса тока через термоэлемент при нестационарном охлаждении больша часть объема термобатареи оказываетс нагретой до относительно вы15 сокой температуры, вследствие выделени джоулева тепла, которое может мигрировать от гор чих спаев к холодным спа м термобатареи и в итоге нагреть охлаждаемый объект, в случае посто нного теплового контакта 10 on which a thermoelectric battery is calculated. However, after the current pulse passes through the thermoelement during non-stationary cooling, most of the thermopile volume is heated to a relatively high temperature, due to the release of Joule heat, which can migrate from hot junctions to cold thermopile spheres and eventually heat the cooled object, in the case of constant thermal contact

20 холодных спаев с охлаждаемым объектом.20 cold junctions with a cooled object.

Claims

The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of cooling during unsteady cooling of an object. .) this is achieved by the fact that after io.gpi imiij. ibcn) electrical (), when the holoi splits reach the temperature, the heating of the object temperature is allowed, the temperature of the object is allowed to be warm once, and the thermal contact between the thermoelement and the object is restored after hot spares reach a temperature equal to the ambient temperature, after which the impulse is given again. The method is carried out as follows. Through the branches p and ti of the thermoelectric battery type thermoelectric battery, an impulse of Veptun electrical current of greater nominal is passed, for which the operation of the thermoelectric battery is designed. The cold junctions of thermoelements that have thermal contact with the object, which as a result also cools, and the Joule heat release in the branch volume, which begins to migrate to cold spas, are rapidly cooled. As soon as the cold junction temperature exceeds the temperature of the cooled object, the thermal contact (thermal b) between them is interrupted in order to create a thermal resistance, which in this case is an air gap preventing the flow of Joule heat to the object. At the same time, during kinematic dissociation of thermal coupling, heat is removed from the hot junctions of thermoelements, i.e. cooling of the latter by any cooling source. After hot ambient temperatures (cooling source) are reached, the thermal contact between the thermoelement and the object is restored, the pulse of electric current is reduced. The object, to () then () .th, the half ppl is 18xpxx; 1pcc is under adiabatic conditions. This method will allow to achieve a deeper cooling of the object, thereby increasing the efficiency of thermoelectric devices in which the invention will be implemented. The invention of the method of non-stationary thermoelectric cooling of an object by pulsed transmission of electric current through a thermoelement with hot and cold joints that have thermal contact with an object, characterized in that, after increasing the degree of cooling, after applying a pulse of electric current, when the cold joints reach temperatures exceeding the temperature of the object, produce a thermal gap between the thermoelement and the object with simultaneous cessation of the pulse supply, and thermal contact between those With the element and object, they are restored after the hot spans reach a temperature equal to the ambient temperature, after which the impulse is given again. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR 512346, cl. F 25 B 2.1 / 02, 1974.

2. USSR author's certificate number 545836, cl. F 25 B 21/02, 1974.