SU764970A1 - Single-impact hand-operated pneumatic hammer - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to hand-operated pneumatic single-impact hammers and can be used in various metal forming operations.

Known percussion device, in the cylinder of which is placed a piston rigidly connected with the striker and the rod 1.

The disadvantages of it are complexity and bulkiness.

The closest in technical sushitnosti to the proposed is a single-impact manual pneumatic hammer containing a cylinder body, a piston-drummer, a stop, a stopper interacting with it, a stop element interacting with the striker, axially displaced by a piston-hammer, and spool valve 2.

The main disadvantage of this modotka is the low impact energy and large dimensions of the hammer.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact energy and reduce the size of the hammer.

This is achieved by the fact that the piston-hammer is made with a through axial bore, an annular groove on the outer surface and radial bores connecting the groove with a through axial bore, the locking element is designed as a stepped rod placed in the through axial bore, the stopper is in the form of a bore a spring ring placed in the annular groove of the impactor piston and installed in the radial holes of the impactor piston and interacting with the spring rings of the pushers, and the stop is in the form of an annular depression with onic chamfer on

10 inner surface of the cylinder body. The surface of the spring ring, interacting with the conical chamfer of the annular recess of the cylinder body, can be curved.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a pneumatic hammer, a general view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the node I in FIG. one.

A manual pneumatic single-impact hammer consists of a cylinder 1, in which a hammer rim 2, a firing pin 3 and a spring 4 are placed. The end part of cylinder 1 is closed by a lid 5 having a cavity 6, which is a nodular cavity. The lid 5 is provided with channels 7 and 8 for the connection of zone 6 to the high-pressure main line and the atmosphere. The cover 5 is rigidly connected to the handle 9 of the hammer, in which a central opening is made for communication with the high pressure main. A flap 10 is located in the lid that controls the supply and discharge of air. The translational movement of the spool 10, spring-loaded spring 11, is limited to the stop 12, mounted on the end of the non-working part of the spool. In the piston-drummer 2 installed locking and locking elements. The locking element is made in the form of a two-stage rod 13 placed in the through central hole of the piston impact hammer sharpened under it and spring-loaded in the axial direction with the help of a spring 14. In the groove made on the outer surface of the impact piston 2, there is a release spring 15. The ring 15 and the rod 13 are installed perpendicular to the axis of the piston of the impactor 2, cylindrical studs 16. Radial bores 17 and 18 are made to release air at different levels between the striker and the locking element. and from the cylinder piston cavity 19, which is permanently connected to the atmosphere by the holes 17, and the above-cylinder cavity 6 by holes 18. The tightness of the piston cavity is provided by a piston ring ring 15, expanding along the surface 21 (FIG. 3) of the bore made in the end parts of the cylinder 1 on the side of the cover 5. This bore ends with a conical surface 22 that acts as a stop element located at a distance along the axis of the cylinder corresponding to the initial position of the impact gun. To reduce friction between the contacting surfaces of the ring and the stop element, which opposes the compression of the ring, its surface 23 is curved (Fig. 3).

The hammer works as follows.

When the hammer is connected to the high pressure line, compressed air enters through the hole in handle 9 through channel 7 into cavity 6. At the initial moment, air enters through a small slot formed by the end face of spool 10 and channel 7.

As the pressure in cavity 6 increases, the spool moves away from the end of the piston-impactor 2, thereby completely opening channel 7. The pressure in cavity 6 increases to the limit, but the ring 15, pressed due to this pressure to the stop element, keeps the pistons-drummer in the initial position .

During operation, the pneumatic hammer must perform relative reciprocating movements between the impact position and the outlet position from the product relative to the surface being machined. To make these movements is necessary.

each time the striker contacts the surface of the treatment and is retracted after the impact. Upon impact, applied by the worker on the treated surface, the striker 3 is sunk into the cylinder, which

when moving, pushes the rod 13 out of the impact piston 2.

At the moment when a part of the small-diameter rod 13 takes up position against the pins 16, the ring 15 under the action of compressed air from the high pressure line is compressed and the released piston of the hammer 2 strikes a large force at the upper end of the striker 3. The spool 10 is shifted in the direction of the piston the impactor, closing the access of compressed air to the cavity 6 and its connection with the atmosphere by channel 8. When the piston of the impactor moves to its initial position under the action of the spring 4, the pressure in cavity 6 abruptly decreases due to the release of air through the air Item 18 and channel 8.

0 Since a constant pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure is maintained in the crush cavity 19, the back pressure of the working movement of the impactor piston is equal to the force developed only by the spring 4. The magnitude of this backpressure is minimized, since to return the impactor piston to its original state little effort due to the connection of cavity 6 with the atmosphere.

Upon reaching the bore in the cylinder

- the ring 15 expands and the spring 14 displaces the rod 13 towards the impactor, which moves the pins 16 radially with a part of a larger diameter and fixes the ring 15. Making the locking element self-expanding helps to reduce the forces acting on the locking element, hence the forces required to bring Porshn-striker to the position of impact.

When installing the shock piston to the initial position, the spool 10 clamps the position at which the compressed air re-opens into the cavity 6 and its connection with the atmosphere is interrupted. This quickly fills the cavity 6, which is the battery chamber, and creates the required

5 volume of compressed air for the next hammer stroke.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula A hand-operated pneumatic single-impact hammer, comprising a cylinder body, a piston-hammer located therein, an emphasis interacting with a striker placed coaxially with the piston-hammer, and a spool-type air distributor, characterized in that, in order to increase the impact energy and reduce the dimensions of the hammer, drummer is made with a through axial bore. an annular groove on the outer surface and radial holes communicating the groove with a through axial hole; the locking element is designed as a stepped rod placed in the through axial hole; the stopper is in the form of a spring ring located in the annular groove of the drum ring and installed in the radial holes of the piston -shock and pushers interacting with the spring ring, and the stop is in the form of an annular recess with a conical chamfer on the inner surface of the cylinder housing. 2. A hammer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the spring ring, which interacts with the conical chamfer of the annular recess of the cylinder body, is curved. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The UK patent number 955657, cl. VFS, 1964. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 395251, cl. B 25 D 17/00, 1973 (prototype) 12 / 7 1