SU763454A1 - Method of producing moulded articles preferably for fual briquets - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the production of molded articles from waste of lignocellulose materials, mainly fuel briquettes from reed slice waste, and to the fuel and construction industries. A known method for producing briquettes includes forming plant waste at 207-371 ° C and a pressure of 21-245 atmO-. The disadvantage of this method is considerable, energy costs for the complete homogenization of the mass of waste at high temperature and pressure in autoclaves, the complexity of the technological process. There is also known a method for producing molded products (briquettes), which include moistening the crushed waste of lignocellulose material (sawdust) to 13–16% humidity, mixing with water and subsequent pressing of briquettes at 110–160 0 and pressure of 20–100 kg / cm Within 10-60 minutes 2, However, long-term exposure under pressure, preliminary grinding of the material to a particle size of less than 1 mm, selection of a narrow fraction for pressing lengthens and complicates the process of obtaining briquettes and increases their cost. The aim of the invention is to intensify, simplify the process and reduce the cost of briquettes. This goal is achieved in that in the proposed method the waste reed chaff is used and compressed at a pressure of 100–12 pO kgf / cm; Compaction of reed-cane waste is conducted with superheated steam with a temperature of 300-400С and a pressure of 0.1-0.2 atm and heated during pressing to 150200 ° С. The use of reed slit wastes and the use of compaction at a pressure of 1000-1200 kgf / cm makes it possible to intensify the briquetting process, as to obtain strong briquettes a sufficient delivery time of 5-10 s, while simplifying the process and reducing the cost of briquettes by using the entire class of ground waste less than 10 mm and the implementation of low-value waste reed (shirts, canes). Superheated to 300-400 ° C steam at a pressure of 0.1-0.2 atm heats the waste of reed chaff, contributes to

softening and partial dissolution of high molecular weight compounds of the type. lingin and hemicellulose content. which waste is more than 50%, and which are binders.

During pressing, softened high-molecular compounds, contribute to a more compact arrangement of the waste particles and during cooling after pressing, they fasten them.

The briquettes obtained according to the proposed method from reed-chop waste have a density (bulk density) of 1.0-1.2 g / cm and bending strength, 43.7-51.2 kgf / cm. . In tab. Figure 1 shows the composition of the waste reed used in the proposed method.

Table 1

 Waste reed waste (the composition indicated in Table 1) with a bulk density of 35–40 kg / m and an initial moisture content of 7–12% (natural) is crushed to a size less than 10 mm, then treated with superheated steam with a temperature of 300–400 0 and pressure 0.1-0.2 atm to a predetermined moisture content before being fed into the press matrix and subjected to pressing in a stamp press with a specific pressure of 1000-1200 kg / cm with an exposure under pressure of 5-10 s at 150-20 (° С, which was created in matrix channel, the result is briquettes of size 180 65 x (20-30) mm, with a carbon content of 47.7-50.2%, 6,87-9,3% humidity and 7,8-12%.

In tab. 2 shows the specific operating parameters of the proposed method and the physico-mechanical characteristics of the obtained briquettes.

The heat of combustion of the obtained briquettes is 3800-4200 kcal / kg per hot mass, which is close to the calorific value of the milling peat briquettes. At the same time, the density and bending strength of the obtained briquettes indicates the possibility of the developed method to obtain molded parts also for the needs of the construction pro- duction.

table 2

Claims (2)

Claim! 1. A method of producing molded products, mainly fuel briquettes, comprising moistening the crushed waste of lignocellulosic material to 13-16% moisture and then pressing them when heated, characterized in that, in order to intensify, simplify the process and reduce the cost of briquettes, they use waste from reed section and they are pressed at a pressure of 1000-1200 kgf / cm ² . 2. The method according to π. 1, on the basis of which the humidification is from the fact that the humidification is from the 'Waste of reed section (composition indicated in Table 1) with bulk .. with a density of 35-40 kg / m ^ and an initial moisture content of 7-12% (natural) are crushed to a size of less than 10 mm, then treated with superheated steam with a temperature of 300-400 ° C and a pressure of 0.1-0.2 atm to predetermined humidity before being fed into the press matrix and subjected to pressing in a stamping press with a specific pressure of 1000-1200 kg / cm ^and exposure to pressure of 5-10 s at 150-200 ° C, which was created in the matrix channel, resulting in briquettes of sizes: 180 ^to 65x (20-30) mm, with a carbon content of 47.7-50.2%, ash 6.87-9.3% and humidity 7.8-12%. In the table. 2 presents the specific operational parameters of the proposed method and the physico-mechanical characteristics of the obtained briquettes. The heat of combustion of the obtained briquettes is 3800-4200 kcal / kg per hot mass, which is close to the calorific value of briquettes from milled peat. At the same time, the density and bending strength of the obtained briquettes indicates the possibility of the developed method to obtain the formation of the product also for the needs of the construction industry, ’ Table 2 moves of the reed section lead to superheated water vapor with a temperature of 300-400 ° C and a pressure of 0.1-0.2 atm 50 and heated by pressing to 150200 ° C.