SU763449A1 - Apparatus for processing hydrocarbon raw material in liquid heat-carrier - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to apparatus for processing raw materials in a heat transfer fluid and can be used in the chemical industry to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide from coal, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, in particular for steam reforming of hydrocarbons.

A known apparatus for processing 10 hydrocarbon feedstocks in a heat-transfer fluid, comprising a housing with nozzles for introducing hydrocarbon feedstock and evacuating the produced conversion gases, housed vertical 15 partitions in the housing, separating the housing into vertical pipe pipes — reaction and heating zones; fuel pre-combustion, located directly under the heating zone. All elements of the apparatus in contact with the heat-transfer fluid are made of refractory material Sh.

Such an apparatus can operate at 25 temperatures below 1000 ° C, since at higher temperatures the chemical interaction of the refractory materials with the heat carrier / products of combustion and processing of carbohydrates begins.

native raw material The yield of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at these temperatures is small (20-40%). In addition, when performing heating zones in the form of an upright tube, powerful pulsations of the gas-liquid flow occur, in which the heat-transfer fluid flows into the firebox (or furnaces) and even burners, causing the burners to clog and cause the fires to work. Circulation of the coolant deteriorates sharply or may cease altogether.

The closest to the present invention is an apparatus for processing hydrocarbon feedstock in a liquid coolant / comprising a housing with USP, logging for introducing hydrocarbon feedstock and outputting the obtained gas. Processing located in the housing is top. new and lower partitions dividing the body into the reaction and heating zones, topkur pipe (or pipes for supplying combustion products connected to the lower part of the housing wall in the heating zone, nozzles on the pipe (or pipes) for feeding the combustion products under the coolant layer 12.

This device has two significant drawbacks.

The known apparatus cannot operate at temperatures above 1000 ° C, since it is impossible to distribute the more heated combustion products through the nozzles under the coolant layer (when made of steel, the nozzles can melt or burn, when made from refractories, dissolve in the coolant, when made from - graphite - progazifitsi, when performed water-cooled - to clog the frozen, coolant). As a result of carrying out the process at low temperatures (800-1000 ° C), the yield of the target products — hydrogen and carbon monoxide — is low.

The supply of hot products burns under a layer: a heat-transfer fluid, which has increased viscosity and surface stress and temperature gradient at operating temperatures, causes foaming, pulsation and spatter, which makes it impossible to ensure reliable circulation of heat-transfer fluid,

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield of processing gases by carrying out the process at 12001400 ° C and ensuring reliable circulation of the coolant between the reaction and heating temperatures,

To achieve this goal, the outlet of the pipe for supplying combustion products is located in the stack of the case, the wall of the case above the pipe connection is inclined towards the inside of the case and the lower partition is at an angle to the bottom.

The drawing shows the proposed apparatus, a longitudinal section.

The apparatus includes a housing 1 with patrons 2 and 3 of removal of products of conversion and combustion, tuyere 4 (one or more) for supplying a mixture of hydrocarbon feedstock with water vapor, a pipe 5 for draining excess amount of heat transfer fluid; .: Inside the case there is an upper vertical partition 6, E which divides the entire internal space of the apparatus into the reactionary .7 and heating zone b. The outer wall 9 of the housing in the heating zone is made with an inclination towards the inside of the apparatus. Under the vertical partition 6 with a gap to it, to the inclined wall 9 and to the bottom of the housing 1, the lower inclined partition 10 is placed close to the tuyeres 4, which ends at the level of the coolant inlet apparatus, and the lower partition 10 makes an angle with the inclined wall 9 . Outside the housing 1 on the side of the inclined wall 9, above the level of naYpy6Ka 5, there is a furnace 11 for draining the heat carrier (one

several) with a nozzle 12 for supplying a fuel-air mixture. The cyclone furnace by pipe 13 is connected to the lower part of the heating zone 8, with the entrances. pipelines 13 are located under the inclined wall 9; All walls of the device are made water-cooled.

When used as a hydrocarbon raw material, the apparatus works as follows.

In the pipe 12 serves a mixture of air with coal dust. In a cyclone furnace ii, coal dust burns, while ash, the fuel is melted, and liquid slag is melted. The products of combustion and liquid slag from the cyclone furnace 11 through conduit 13 enter the body 1 of the apparatus, where the liquid slag and the products of combustion are separated from each other, the slag remains in the apparatus,

and the combustion product is removed through the pipe 3. During the heating period, the fuel-air mixture is also fed through the tuyeres 4 to heat the reaction zone 7. The apparatus is ready for operation 5 when slag level reaches the lower level of pipe 5 and begins to drain from it,

At this time, a mixture of coal dust with water vapor 0

The operation of the apparatus in the normal mode is as follows. Products exiting at high speed (5070 m / s) from the pipeline 13

5 combustion moving along sloping

walls 9, pick up from the space formed by the partition 10, inclined with hexa 9 and the bottom of the hull, liquid slag and throw it over

0- partitions 10, while heating it. Here, streams of slag and combustion products are separated. Combustion products are discharged through pipe 3, and the heated slag along the partition 10 passes to the reaction zone 7, where tuyeres 4 are installed along the way.

The mixture of coal dust and water vapor coming out of the tuyeres 4, in contact with the hot slag, is heated to its temperature, and the coal dust is converted with water vapor to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide. DlnaK then cools and flows from zone 7 to zone

5 8. The loop closes.

The excess slag, which is constantly formed during the combustion and conversion of coal dust, is removed through pipe 5,

0So when using

The solid hydrocarbon feedstock liquid heat carrier is the molten ash of this substance. In the case of refractory ash, fluxes can be added to the dust.

Claims (1)

Claim Apparatus for processing hydrocarbon raw materials in a liquid coolant containing a housing with nozzles for introducing hydrocarbon raw materials and outputting: processing gases located in the housing — upper and lower partitions separating the housing. 5 to the reaction and heating zones, a furnace, a pipe for supplying combustion products connected to the lower part of the housing wall in the heating zone, distinguishing jq in that, in order to increase the gas yield due to the process at D200-1400 ° С and ensuring reliable circulation of the coolant between the reaction and heating zones, the outlet of the pipe for supplying 15 products of combustion is located in the wall of the housing, the wall of the housing above the point of connection of the pipe is made with an inclination inside the housing and the lower ^d partition is located2 0 wife at an acute angle to the bottom.