SU760925A1 - Apparatus for decapitating fish - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of fish processing and can be used in fish trimming machines for automatic decapitation of fish when placed on a transporting body in trays perpendicular to the movement.

Known devices for the separation of fish heads, containing a conveyor device with trays for fish, next to which is a conveyor with tape and supports for the fish head, a sliding device for measuring the thickness of fish, circular knives and an actuator control system (clamp), with which the tape is pressed in the direction of the fish.

The main disadvantage of such devices is the low accuracy of the fish setting operation for economically cutting off the head for those fish species that have a weak body texture, such as saury, due to the deformation of the fish when it moves in the tray by pushing it into the head [1].

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a device for decapitating fish used in a fish cutting machine, for example saury, containing a parallel conveyor with fish trays,

2

above which, in the course of the technological process, a circular knife and a device for gripping the head are mounted, which is a conveyor made

5 in the form of two endless parallel sleeve chains and angled to the main conveyor with trays. Moreover, on the links of one of the endless stub chains, 10 toothed clips are fixed to grip the fish 'head. In addition, the device contains a fish linear size sensor and a system for automatically adjusting the knife height to the correct cut of the head, depending on the size of the fish [2].

The disadvantages of these devices is the low accuracy of the operation of cutting the head of the fish due to the lack of automatic configuration of the working 20 bodies for economical cutting of the head

fish.

The aim of the invention is an economical decapitation of fish and thereby increasing the yield of finished products.

25 This goal is achieved by the fact that in an apparatus for decapitation of fish, which contains a conveyor with fish trays located on it, an additional conveyor with presses located to carry the head of fish, mouth 760925

Angled to the main conveyor, a disk knife, a fish linear size sensor and an actuator control system, the additional conveyor clamps are equipped with electromagnetic actuators for their disclosure, the latter being connected to the fish linear size sensor through the actuator control system, and the angle between the conveyors is

_α - a _Г с {dL ^а * с ~ / my_

where / _M ako - the length of the head of the maximum specimen of fish;

(min is the length of the head of the minimum specimen of fish to be processed;

( _k - the distance between the trays of the main conveyor;

n - the number of clamps to capture the fish head, located in the plane of the main conveyor with trays.

FIG. 1 shows a device for decapitating fish; in fig. 2 - fish linear size sensor; in fig. 3 - electromagnetic actuator for opening the clamps of an additional conveyor; in fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the device.

The device consists of a conveyor 1 with trays 2, into which fish 3 is laid. Each tray is provided with a flag 4, which interacts with a limit switch 5. Above the conveyor 1 behind the fish stockpile zone in trays along its movement, a sensor 6 of linear size of fish is installed, for example, a length sensor fish. For the sensor 6 at an angle a to the main conveyor 1 a conveyor 7 is installed with clamps 8. Each clamp 8 has spring-loaded flaps 9 and 10, which are opened by electromagnetic actuators 11 mounted above the conveyor 7. To open the flaps 10 when they exit into the plane of the conveyor 1, stop 12.

- The installation angle of the conveyor 7 is equal to: a ₌ agc1 £

where Dax is the head length of the maximum specimen of fish;

/ min —Head Length of the minimum specimen of fish to be processed;

/ _k - the distance between the trays 2 of the conveyor 1;

n is the number of clamps 8 located in the plane of the conveyor 1.

Due to this arrangement of the additional conveyor 7 relative to the main one, the fish is moved in directions perpendicular to the movement of the main conveyor 1 (pulling the fish out of the LOTNbv behind the head). Moreover, when the tray passes the distance equal to / _k , the fish moves a distance to the tray

_ (max - dick

~ 'n - 1

The value of ΔΙ determines the accuracy of the process of decapitation of fish. Thus, choosing the installation angle of the conveyor 7, it is possible to ensure the specified machining accuracy.

The linear dimension sensor 6 contains a sensing element, made in the form of a shutter 13, whose swing axis 14 is mounted on an additional conveyor 15 located at an angle to the conveyor 1. In the upper part of the shutter 13 a flag 16 is installed, blocking the light beam from the source in the free state 17 to a photodetector 18. The velocities of the conveyor 1 (Y _t) and additional conveyor 15 (Y _k) is synchronized by communication via a reducer (the drawing is not shown) the axis of rotation 19 of the conveyor 15 with the axis of rotation of the conveyor 1. Each electron omagnitny actuator 11 (FIG. 3) comprises a retractable core 20, a return spring 21, spool 22 and rod 23, with emphasis.

The actuator control system (FIG. 4) contains a time interval converter 24 into a number of pulses, an encoder 25, a memory unit 26, a distributor 27 associated with a clock sensor, a decoder 28 and execution units 29. The executive units 29 contain a trigger 30, delay element 31 and power amplifier 32, the output of which is connected to a 1G electromagnetic drive.

The operation of the device is as follows.

The fish stockpiles in trays 2 with an emphasis on the fixing bar, installed at distances corresponding to the length of the head of the minimum fish (in the drawing, the fixing bar is conventionally not shown). Sensor 6 measures the length of the fish. 13. The measuring shutter mounted on the conveyor 15, synchronously with the conveyor 1 moving along arrow Y _k, pass freely inside the tray 2 in the absence of fish and fish runs into when present in the tray. At the same time, the shutter 13 deviates, passing the Light beam from the source 17 to the photodetector 18, and the latter generates a signal with a duration corresponding to the deflected state of the shutter 13. As a result, the signal from the photoconductor 18 at a constant speed of the conveyor 15 will be proportional to the length of the fish being measured.

760925

five

Converter 24, consisting of a conjunctor and a pulse generator, the time interval is first converted into a sequence of pulses, and then using the encoder 25, for example a binary counter, into a parallel code. The signals from the distributor 27, which is launched into operation from the limit switch 5, record the information on the fish length in the memory block 26. As limit switch 5 trips, information about the length of each measured fish is recorded and its movement through the cells of memory block 26 synchronously with the movement of conveyor 1, and the larger the number recorded in the memory cell (the larger the fish), the farther away the executive elements (electromagnets 11) it is transmitted. For example, if the fish entered into the device processing is the smallest, it passes by the clamps 8 of the additional conveyor 7. At the largest fish, the head is captured at the beginning of the conveyor 7 by the previously opened (stop 12) clamp 8 and pulled out of the tray by moving the conveyors 1 and 7 at an angle to each other. The opening of the clamp and release of the fish head is made by the last electromagnet 11. As a result, the fish will move in the tray at a distance equal to the difference of the lengths of the maximum and minimum fish heads. The signal for opening the clamp 8 comes from the decoder 28 to the executive unit 29, which triggers the trigger 30 and through the amplifier 32 of the electromagnet 11. The return of the electromagnet to its initial position is produced by the spring 21, when the trigger 30 returns to its original state. Pisces, the sizes of which are different from limiting specimens, are tuned to the cuts of the head with the discreteness Δ. The release of the fish head occurs by one of the electromagnetic actuators 11 according to signals from the decoder 28.

The decapitation of fish occurs with a circular knife installed at the end of the conveyor 1 (in Fig. 1, the knife is conventionally not shown).

Technical and economic advantages of the proposed solution are determined by the following circumstances: the use of the proposed device in multioperations

An onion fishing trimming machine for saury cutting has significantly increased the accuracy of the operation of cutting the fish's head and thereby preserving a large amount of valuable raw materials.

The calculation of economic efficiency showed that the increase in the yield of finished products from the introduction of the proposed device is 0.9—1.2 '% or about 1,800 rubles. per year per car per shift. Given the increasing volume of fish production now, this device can lead to a tangible total economic effect.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for decapitating fish containing a conveyor with fish trays placed on it, an additional conveyor with clamps on it to grip the fish head, set at an angle to the main conveyor, a disk knife, a fish linear size gauge and an actuator control system characterized in that, in order to economically decapitate the fish and thereby increase the yield of finished products, the clamps of the additional conveyor are equipped with electromagnetic actuators for their disclosure, with the volume of the latter through the control system of the actuator are connected to the sensor of the linear size of the fish, and the angle between the conveyors is equal to (l-1) - / _to where / max is the length of the head of the maximum specimen of fish; /> psh is the length of the head of the minimum specimen of fish to be processed; / „- the distance between the trays of the main conveyor; n - the number of clamps to capture the fish head, located in the plane of the main conveyor with trays.