SU757756A1 - Apparatus for supercharging i.c. engine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used for supercharging of internal combustion engines.

Known devices for pressurization of internal combustion engines, containing intake manifolds connected to one cavity of a tank with a movable spring-loaded partition, the other cavity of which is connected ^! to the 'outlet pipe. Under the action of alternating pressure, the septum oscillates and acts as a cad pump, while increasing the pressure in the intake manifold [ΐ]. one

The known device does not provide for the use of oscillations in the intake and exhaust pipelines to increase the pressure in the intake pipe. 20

The closest technical solution known to the invention is a device for pressurizing an internal combustion engine, comprising inlet manifolds connected to an air cleaner 25 and a resonator, in the case of which a spring-loaded partition (piston) is placed, equipped with a drive mainly from a crankshaft [2]. thirty

2

The disadvantage of this device is that to increase the filling ratio of the engine cylinders do not use the wave phenomena that occur in the intake manifolds.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the filling ratio of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine through the use of wave phenomena.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device containing intake manifolds connected via Pipelines to the air cleaner and resonator, in the case of which a spring-loaded partition wall (piston) is located, the partition drive is designed as a cam mechanism with a number of cam projections determined by the number of engine cylinders united by one collector and engine responsiveness.

FIG. 1 shows a device for supercharging a combustion engine by the example of a four-cylinder four-stroke engine; in fig. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - pressure change curves in the initial waves.

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757756

A device for pressurizing an internal combustion engine comprises an intake manifold 1 comprising a group of cylinders,

In four-stroke internal combustion engines with a multiple of four cylinders, each group includes four cylinders united by one intake manifold. When the number of cylinders, a multiple of three, each group of cylinders comprises three cylinders, a combined intake manifold, with alternating cycles respectively through inlet 180 ^minutes and 240 ° of crank angle.

Two-stroke engines each contain two cylinders with alternating intake strokes from them through 180 ° in the angle of rotation of the crankshaft.

Each collector is connected to the air cleaner 2 by a pipe 3, the length of which is equal to the resonant length 1_ determined by the Formula

4, == (2.1 - 2.8) [10 -E _c ] cm,

R

where ί - engine tact;

η - rated speed

crankshaft (the number of revolutions of the crankshaft, corresponding to the mode in which it is possible to obtain the highest torque);

Ζ - the number of cylinders united by a common intake manifold;

E _h) - the distance between the two most distant from each other cylinders united by one intake manifold.

A resonator (wave generator) consists of a smoothly tapering nozzle 4, a cylinder 5, a partition (piston) 6 with a rod 7 having the possibility of translational movement in the guides, 8 and a drive.

The actuator contains located at the end of the rod roller 9, which is in contact with the protrusions 10 of the Cam 11.

The number of cam projections in the case of a crankshaft drive is determined by the formula

t = Ζ- K,

where t is the number of projections, "

Ζ - number of cylinders combined

one collector;

K - coefficient.

K = 1 - for a two-stroke engine ’; K = 0.5 - for a four-stroke engine.

In the example given (for the case of a four-stroke engine with a cam landing directly on the crankshaft) K = 0.5.

The actuator also contains a cylindrical, compression spring 12, supported

the lower end of the rack 13, and the upper end of the element connected to the partition (piston) 6.

The selection of material and dimensions of the spring is carried out depending on the weight of the partition (piston) 6 with the rod 7 and the roller 9.

The weight and area of the partition depends on the displacement of one individual cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

The cam 11 is kinematically connected with the crankshaft of the engine 14 (or with the camshaft, which is not shown in the drawing), on the crankshafts of which there are connecting rods with pistons 15 of the internal combustion engine.

Cam protrusions are evenly spaced around the circumference.

The height of the cam protrusion is determined depending on the working volume of one cylinder of the internal combustion engine and the area of the partition (piston) b (or the corresponding area of the piston).

FIG. 2 ’(diagram 1) shows the pressure change curves in the initial waves from the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

Maximum at point A at the moment before closing the inlet organs at point B.

Diagram (II) shows the pressure changes in the initial waves from the wave generator.

The curve depicted by the dotted line shows the change in pressure created by the resonator (wave generator) at its output.

The curve depicted by the solid line shows the pressure change created by the resonator (generator, waves) in the manifold at the inlet organs.

The addition of pressure waves from a group of cylinders and pressure from the resonator, as well as the pressure of all reflected, direct and reverse waves in the same phase in front of the inlet bodies and the resulting resonance increase the amplitude of the total pressure oscillations, and its maximum takes place before the inlet organs are closed.

This leads to an increase in the cylinder filling ratio.

Increasing the filling ratio of the cylinder allows you to increase the power of the internal combustion engine without increasing its displacement.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for pressurizing an internal combustion engine containing intake manifolds connected by means of pipelines to an air cleaner and a resonator, in the casing of which a spring-loaded re-5 is located 757756 6 town, equipped with a drive, mainly from the crankshaft, characterized in that, in order to increase the cylinder filling ratio, the partition drive is made in the form of a cam mechanism with a number of cam projections determined by the number of cylinders united by a single collector and engine responsiveness. Fig: 1