SU753532A1 - Line for producing castings - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to foundry, in particular, to automatic lines for casting into a chill mold parts of cast iron, such as rotation bodies, g

The known automated line of chill casting the cast iron electric motor beds, which includes melting units, a casting machine, a 12-position JQ carousel chill machine with a horizontal plane of the chill mold, with a coping drive of the upper lid, with stationary upper and lower rods , the mechanism of 1CT-5 and dies of the mold, a mechanism for removing castings and removing gates, conveyors, furnaces for annealing castings, installed in the sequence of technological operations l .20

The disadvantages of this line are narrow specialization (the lines are intended to cast a specific range of parts); 25

the presence of rather complex mechanisms of oriented transfer of castings and their manipulation;

lack of waste collection devices; 30

low labor productivity.

Also known is the line, which consists of two smelting units, a cast iron modification chamber, vehicles for transporting metal buckets from the smelting units to the modification chamber and a foundation casting machine, a 16-position rotary machine with a horizontal chill mold connector, a casting tool for removing castings from chill molds, sprueing mechanisms of casting and transfer of castings to thermal furnaces 2,

The main disadvantage of the line is low productivity, due to:

the constant horizontal position of the chill mold connector plane, which significantly complicates the removal of the casting and requires the use of precisely complex mechanisms, makes it difficult to clean the mold (especially with sand cores), limits the possibility of the line r associated with the need to select castings remaining in the stationary (lower) half of the chill mold when opening the fory due to the absence of the ejector from the sliding half of the chill mold

the absence in the line of devices for knocking out sand cores;

the complexity of the chill sections, the support mechanisms for ejecting the casting and driving the rods and control circuits for these mechanisms;

the presence of complex mechanisms for the oriented transfer of the casting and the separately standing sprueing device;

lack of mechanisms for cleaning, painting and starting heating of the chill molds;

lack of systems for cleaning waste core mixture and sprues,

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the labor intensity and increase labor productivity in obtaining iron castings such as rotating bodies of a wide range (wheel hubs, rollers, flywheels, pulleys, etc.).

This goal is achieved by the fact that the line is equipped with a device for turning the chill sections from the vertical position to the horizontal and vice versa, installed on the foundation along the trajectory of the movement of the chill sections; a device for drilling the core, separating the sprues and ejecting the castings from the fixed half of the mold, mounted on the column of the carousel; a device for removing castings from the movable half of the chill mold installed in the place of opening the chill mold outside the carousel; a device for cleaning waste core mixture and gating system located in the foundation of the carousel foundation.,

The device for turning the chill sections can be made in the form of a copier mounted on the foundation, interacting with the rollers, which are equipped with the chill sections mounted on the carousel with the help of axes and sectors with supports.

The device for stitching the rod, separating gates and ejecting the castings from the fixed half of the chill mold can be made in the form of a V-shaped bracket, the first in the direction of rotation of the carousel, it is advisable to provide the hydraulic cylinder with a stem containing a mushroom-like pusher, which interacts with the mushroom-shaped shank of the chill section, and the chassis section in the center of the mold section of the mold section. rod and branch sprues, and it is advisable to provide the second arm with a hydraulic cylinder with a chill mold holder in the place of opening the chill mold and pushing ani casting.

The device for removing the casting from the movable half of the chill mold can be made in the form of a body, in the eyes of which the clamp-shaped grippers with

copy grooves that interact with the rollers mounted on the traverse of the ejector driven hydrocylinder rigidly mounted on the device, f while the ejector can be installed in the body on a spring-loaded ball bearing.

The device for cleaning the waste of the core mixture and the gating system can be made in the form of a V-shaped tray installed in the foundation of the carousel foundation, one neck of which can be located at the place of sprue gates, the other neck under the knockout

5 pts, and a harvest conveyor located under the tray,

FIG. 1 shows the proposed line, plan view; in fig. 2, section A-A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 - cut

0BB FIG. one; FIG. 4 is a section; FIG. one; in fig. 5 - the same, continuation along the ejection axis; in fig. b a cut-g FIG. one.

5 Twelve-position chill furnace

Machine 1 is made of a carousel type with a pulsating DRIVE.

On a rigid welded frame 2, a central column 3 is installed, around which a roundabout 4 of hexagon shape rotates with twelve rollers 5 fixed on it 5. The carousel is suspended on a thrust ball bearing located in its upper part.

On six sides of the carousel, sectors 6 are installed with bearing assemblies mounted on them 7.-In the sector bearings there are fixed chill sections 8 (two per sector), which rotate by 90 using a special device.

The device for turning the chill section to 90 is made in the form of a copier 9 mounted on the foundation

5 carousel machines 1 and interacting with rollers 10 mounted on the chill molds, sections 8,

The chill sections 8 are provided with a movable front plate 11 and a movable rear plate 12 and are equipped with individual hydraulic cylinders 13, which set the plate in motion through the traverse. 14 and guide pins 15. The chill section 8 includes collectors for supplying and discharging working fluid to hydrocylinites, cooling water to the molds and is equipped with a current collection device for automatically shutting off the metal stream during pouring (not shown). The supply and discharge of cooling water from the movable ceramic plate is carried out by telescopic devices (not shown in the drawing).

On a fixed column 3 above

5 roundabouts 4 installed stationary

Mvhaniem 16 firmware and vytalkygvani casting from the fixed half of the mold. It is made in the form of a V-shaped bracket, on which hydraulic cylinders 17 and 18 are mounted, the first of which directly pushes the folder 19, the other moves the tongue-shaped gripper pusher 20, ejecting the casting 21 and returning the screw 19.

The hydraulic cylinders of the sections and the inlet of the whole are controlled by a control column with twelve hydraulic spools and twelve diaphragm water valves installed on it (not shown),

The rotation of the carousel 1 is carried out by a pulsating drive.

Outside the carousel 1 at the position of ejecting the casting, a stationary device 22 is ejected for ejecting the casting from the moving floor of the chill mold. It is made with a gripper J iexaHH3MOM 23, which prevents the transfer of the pushing force to the section and with the pusher 24 that is self-adjusting in the ball bearing, compensating for the inaccuracy of the sections in position.

The filling machine of the 25-position two-position booster in order to prevent rhythm disturbance {5 line when changing buckets. The casting machine includes a pivoting frame 26 with bucket cassettes 27, which rotates 180 degrees on a vertical column.

The conveyor 28 is designed to transfer the castings from the carousel 1 to the loading mechanisms of the annealing electric furnaces 29.

The construction of the conveyor provides for a storage tray of 30 parts, driven by a hydraulic cylinder. Chute 30 periodically closes from below for the time during which the loading mechanisms for electric furnaces are activated; the hub-loaded duct 31 is transferred to one of the furnaces, and an empty duct is installed under the tray.

The line is equipped with a device for cleaning waste core mixture and gating system l. The device contains a V-shaped tray 32, one gsch half of which 33 is located at the base of the carousel foundation 1 at the position of lithics, the other neck 34 is under the knockout grid 35, and the harvest conveyor 36 / located under the tray.

The line scheme provides a section (not shown in the drawings) for the manufacture of rods of plated mixtures in hot equipment. Transportation of rods to the position of the chill mold assembly is mechanized using an overhead conveyor. The installation of rods in the metal mold is carried out manually.

The line is equipped with 37 n gas heating chillies.

The operation of the units and mechanisms is controlled remotely by the operator from the cockpit of the console 38, the supply of air-conditioning and ventilation systems.

The lower part of the control panel forms electrical cabinets with a control pedal and a power panel installed on them.

The approach to the hydraulic control column, to the water column and equipment located at the top of the carousel, is provided by a bridge mounted on the twelfth

s positions kg fusel machine (not shown).

Lini works as follows.

The line control scheme provides three modes:

0

semi-automatic - only one cycle is performed automatically, and its repetition is carried out after pressing a button on the control panel;

adjustment, in which each mechanism can be included separately;

manual, in which only the carousel is rotated by pressing a button on the bullet, i.

On the line, the following operations are carried out in a predetermined sequence:

feeding the metal from the smelters 39 into the chamber 40 for modification;

five

modification of liquid iron with magnesium in autoclave chambers;

the supply of metal to the device for casting;

zgshivka of metal in the chill mold;

aging of the casting in the chill mold during its crystallization with the intensification of the casting in the runner bowl;

lrshivka central core and branch gating system;

opening chills;

five

extruding the casting from both halves of the chill mold and transferring it to the embossing grid;

core knockout and transfer of castings to transposers;

0

transportation of castings to thermal electric furnaces;

chill cooling;

chill cleaning;

installation of rods;

five

smlsanie (assembly) chill.

Gas heating at the chill mold is pre-installed before the start of the shift, as well as during long interruptions in work, in cases when the temperature of the chill mold is

60 does not provide the normal gas and thermal conditions of the mold.

Cast iron, smelted in cupolas, modified in) autoclaves g, in

Claims (4)

65 KOEuiax is transported along the monorail 41 to a two-position potting machine 25. The bucket is mounted in the cassette 27 and the steering control is fixed by the pneumatic clamp. Then, the operator from the control panel 38 turns the filling machine 25 with the bucket to the pouring position and pours the metal into the chill mold installed in section 8 in the first position of the carousel 1. While from the position facing the carousel, the pouring metal in a chill mold, in the opposite position, the ladle is cut and it is prepared for the slave. Section 8 with molten chill is moved to the second position, where the metal is cooled in a runner bowl with a water jet. When the section is moved from the second to the third position, it is carried out along the gate of the section along the copier 9 by 90. In the third position, the plane of the connector is in the vertical position. At this position, the central core is stitched, the gating system and the gating bowl are separated in a closed quill. The bowl with the waste of the mixture and the gating system is dumped by the flasher into the tray of the waste disposal device. When the section is moved from the third position to the fourth position, the chill mold is opened. In the fourth position, the casting is pushed out of any half of the mold (determined by the casting being shaped) and through the opening through the chute enters the embossing grill 35 inclined to the plate conveyor 28. the gating system and the central core stamped on the lattice go along the V-shaped chute to the transverse harvest conveyor 36. At the fifth, sixth and seventh positions, maintenance operations are carried out on the chill mold. : Cleaning blasting painting, heating. At the ninth and tenth positions, the central rod is placed in the chill mold: and at the eleventh position is the stem of the runner bowl. As you move from to the ninth position, the section rotates along the copier to (the plane of the connector becomes horizontal). When moving from the tenth to the eleventh position, the chill mold C1 appears, ....., ...,. ,, .. .. .. The ejected molding is moved on the conveyor 28 to the loading devices of electric furnaces 29 for annealing. After passing through the heat treatment, the casting is fed to the ultrasonic control to determine the quality of the modification and heat treatment, stripping and finishing processing of the casting. Technical and economic advantages of the line; it is possible to manufacture all types of castings of rotary bodies, for example wheel hubs for automobiles, tractors and trailers for them from cast iron in a chill mold instead of a casting in earth formulas; labor is reduced and labor productivity is increased by simplifying the removal of the casting, cleaning and dyeing the mold due to the rotation of the section by 90 °, simplifying the removal of the sprues and destroying the sand cores in the casting through the use of the casting piercer in the closed mold half of the chill after opening the latter; reduction of the technological cycle and simplification of the Construction due to the exclusion of manipulators for the removal of the casting and stand-alone devices for beating the casting moldings; mechanization of operations for knocking out rods, cleaning waste of core mixture and lyre, etc. Claim 1. Inventory for the manufacture of castings mainly of gray and high strength. cast iron, comprising a melting unit connected in series with each other kinematically and by vehicles, a device for modifying the cast iron. The filling device, the foundation, mounted on the column carousel with chill sections, the mechanism of ejection of the casting, the device DT1Ya heat treatment, cleaning and control of castings and remote control line operation, characterized in that, in order to reduce the complexity and increase the performance of lines with mass production of hollow castings of the type of percussion, it is equipped with a device for rotating coclining sections from European vertical to horizontal and vice versa, installed on the foundation of poremoscheni trajectories of die sections; The device is used to pre-shave the J-rod, separating the casting and ejecting the casting From the non-sliding half chill mold mounted on the column of the carousel; a device for removing castings from the movable half of the chill mold installed in the place of opening the chill mold outside the carousel and the device for cleaning the core waste mixture and gating system disassembled in the primer made in the foundation of the carousel, 2. Lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for turning the chill sections is made in the form of a copier fixed on the foundation, interacting with the rollers, which are equipped with the chill sections installed on the carousel with the help of axes and sectors with supports. 3. Lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for piercing the rod, separating the sprues and ejecting the castings from the stationary half of the chill mold is made in the form of a V-shaped bracket, the first in the direction of rotation of the carousel, the shoulder of which is provided with a hydraulic cylinder with a rod containing a mushroom pusher interacting with a mushroom-shaped shank of the piercer of the chill section in the place of piercing the rod and separating the sprues, and the second shoulder is provided with a hydraulic cylinder with a chill stitcher in the place where the chill is opened and the casting is ejected. 4. Line pop, 1, characterized in that the device for removing the casting from the movable half of the mold is made in the form of a body, in the lugs of which the clamp-shaped grippers with copy grooves interacting with the rollers fixed on the ejector crosshead, driven by a rigidly mounted cylinder on the device case, while the ejector is installed in the case on a spring-loaded ball bearing. 5, Lini POP.1, differs from the fact that the device for cleaning the waste core mixture and the gating system is made in the form of a V-shaped tray installed in the foundation of the carousel foundation, one neck of which is located at the point of separation of the sprues, the other neck under the knockout grill, and a harvest conveyor located under the tray. Information sources, taken into account in the examination 1, Nikolaenko E, G. et al., Mechanization and Technologg of Production of Chill Casting, Kiev, Technique, 1969, p. 203, 2, ibid., P. 195 (prototype) (