SU738850A1

SU738850A1 - Hydraulic drive for grinder and polisher

Info

Publication number: SU738850A1
Application number: SU772512359A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Давыдович Коршенбойм; Аркадий Исаакович Фликоп; Евгений Данилович Карчевский; Соломон Волькович Поволоцкий; Семен Ефимович Айзенберг; Федор Порфирьевич Дмитриев; Владимир Федорович Федоров; Валентин Николаевич Калинин
Original assignee: Всесоюзный Государственный Проектно- Конструкторский Институт "Гипростроммашина"
Priority date: 1977-07-11
Filing date: 1977-07-11
Publication date: 1980-06-05

Description

Изобретение относится к станкостроению и предназначено для фактурной обработки плоских строительных изделий, например, каменных, мозаичных и других подобных облицовочных плит в широком диапазоне усилий прижима.The invention relates to machine tool industry and is intended for texture processing of flat building products, for example, stone, mosaic and other similar facing plates in a wide range of clamping forces.

Известны станки для обработки' камня, содержащие каретку со шпиндельной головкой и шлифовальным инструментом, подвижной мост, гидравлический привод перемещения каретки в виде гидроцилиндра и гидравлический прижим инструмента [1]. Во время шлифования рабочая жидкость от насоса подается в обе полости гидроцилиндров прижима. Давление жидкости, подаваемой в штоковую (нижную) полость, постоянно, а давление жидкости, подаваемой в поршневую полость, настраивается регулятором.Known machines for processing 'stone, containing a carriage with a spindle head and a grinding tool, a movable bridge, a hydraulic drive for moving the carriage in the form of a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic clamp tool [1]. During grinding, the working fluid from the pump is supplied to both cavities of the pressure hydraulic cylinders. The pressure of the fluid supplied to the rod (lower) cavity is constant, and the pressure of the fluid supplied to the piston cavity is adjusted by the regulator.

Однако в известном станке при обработке каменных изделий наблюдается врезание инструмента в изделие, вызываемое колебаниями количества рабочей жидкости, поступающей в штоковще по2 пости гидроцилиндров прижима, ведущее к браку. Колебания рабочей жидкости вызваны тем, что при работе на давлении, на которое настроен предохранительный клапан прижима, часть жидкости пе⁵ риодически переливается через Дредохранительный клапан на сЛйв в бак.However, in the well-known machine, when machining stone products, an incision of the tool into the product is observed, caused by fluctuations in the amount of working fluid entering the rod in the post of the press hydraulic cylinders, leading to marriage. Fluctuations in the working fluid due to the fact that when working at a pressure at which the relief valve is set nip portion n, the liquid ⁵ overflows periodically Dredohranitelny sLyv valve on the tank.

Кроме того, установка длинного двугштоково’го гидроцилиндра (скорости каретки' с инструментом слева-направо и справа-налево должны быть равными) не обеспечивает устойчивости гидросистемы, так как отношение диаметра поршня к ходу превышает допустимые нормы устойчивости движения механизма подач. Нарушение устойчивости гидросистемы также приводит к врезанию инструмента в обрабатываемое изделие.In addition, the installation of a long two-cylinder’s hydraulic cylinder (the carriage speeds with the tool from left to right and from right to left should be equal) does not ensure the stability of the hydraulic system, since the ratio of the piston diameter to the stroke exceeds the permissible stability of the feed mechanism. Violation of the stability of the hydraulic system also leads to a cutting tool into the workpiece.

Целью изобретения является повышение качества обработки путем устранения врезания инструмента в обрабатываемое изделие.The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of processing by eliminating the incision of the tool into the workpiece.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в привод введены подпорный регулируй3 738850 4 мый клапан и золотник управления, гидроагрегат перемещения каретки выпол.нен в виде нескрлькйх последовательйо соединенныхгидроцйлиндров со спаренными поршневыми и штоковыми полостями с соотношением площадей поршня и штока, равным двум, и соединенных с насосной станцией через золотник управления по дифференциальной схеме, а слив предохранительного клапана насоса прижима гидравлически связан со штоковы' ми полостями гидроцилиндров прижима, связанных также со сливом через под-, порный регулируемый клапан.This goal is achieved by the fact that the control valve is fitted with 3 738850 4th valve and control spool, the carriage hydraulic unit is made in the form of several successively connected hydraulic cylinders with paired piston and rod cavities with a ratio of two piston and rod areas connected to the pump the station through a differential control valve, and the discharge of the pressure relief valve of the pressure pump is hydraulically connected to the rod cavities of the pressure hydraulic cylinders, also connected with drain through an under-, pore adjustable valve.

' Йа фиг. 1 изображен станок с предлагаемым приводом; на фиг. 2 - принципиальная гидравлическая схема привода.'Ya fig. 1 shows a machine with the proposed drive; in FIG. 2 - schematic hydraulic diagram of the drive.

Гидравлический привод шлифовальнополировального станка содержит транспортер 1, имеющий приводную станцию 2 с кожухом 3 и расположенный между опорами 4, на которых на направляющей установлена каретка со шпиндельной головкой 5 и шлифовально—полировальным . Инструментом 6, прижимаемым во время работы станка к обрабатываемому изделию 7.The hydraulic drive of the grinding and polishing machine includes a conveyor 1, having a drive station 2 with a casing 3 and located between the supports 4, on which a carriage with a spindle head 5 and grinding and polishing is mounted on the guide. Tool 6, pressed during operation of the machine to the workpiece 7.

На каретке смонтирован привод 8 вращения инструмента. Каретка со шпиндельной головкой 5 роликами опирается на направляющие 9 опоры 4 и связана шарнирно через тягу 10 с гидроцйлиндромOn the carriage mounted drive 8 rotation of the tool. The carriage with a spindle head with 5 rollers rests on the guides 9 of the support 4 and is pivotally connected via a rod 10 to the hydraulic cylinder

11. Последний связан шарнирно через ползун 12 с гидроцилиндром 13, закрепленным шарнирно на опоре 4. На каретке со шпиндельной головкой 5 установлены также гидроцилиндры 14 и 15 прижима инструмента, связанные трубопроводом 16 с насосной станцией 17. Гидроцилйндры 11 и 13 образуют механизм равномерного перемещения;11. The latter is pivotally connected through a slider 12 to a hydraulic cylinder 13 pivotally mounted on a support 4. Hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 of the tool clamp are also mounted on the carriage with a spindle head 5, connected by a pipe 16 to a pump station 17. The hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 form a uniform movement mechanism;

Перед транспортером расположен пульт 12 управления. 'In front of the conveyor is a control panel 12. ''

Насосная станция 17 соединена с гидроцилиндрами 14 и 15 прижима через золотник 19 управления. В линии связи насос 20 - поршневые полости гидроцилиндров 14 и 15 установлен демпфер 21 и напорный золотник 22, связанный со сливом. В линии связи насос 20ШТОковые полости гидроцилиндррв 14 и 15 установлен трубопровод 23 с предохранительным клапаном 24_/обеспечивающий подпитку в этих полостях. В то же время Штоковые полости одновреМенно связаны с баком через напорный золотник 25. ...The pump station 17 is connected to the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 of the clip through the control valve 19. In the communication line, the pump 20 is the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 mounted damper 21 and pressure valve 22, associated with the drain. In the communication line, the pump 20ShTOkovye cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 installed the pipe 23 with a safety valve 24 _/ providing recharge in these cavities. At the same time, the stock cavities are simultaneously connected to the tank through the pressure spool 25. ...

Напорный золотник 22 (регулятор давления) обеспечивает регулировку давления в поршневых полостях гвдроцилиндров прижима. Напорный золотник 2'5 (подпорный клапан) - поддерживает минимальное давление в штоковых полостях, необходимое для подъема инструмента 6. _{f ч} Демпфер 21 исключает падение давления в штоковых полостях гидроцилиндров Ю 14 и 15 прижима при уменьшении его в поршневых полостях, одновременно обеспечивая необходимый поток рабочей жидкости для нормальной работы напорного золотника 22.Pressure spool 22 (pressure regulator) provides pressure control in the piston cavities of the pressure hydraulic cylinders. Pressure valve 2'5 (backup valve) - maintains the minimum pressure in the rod cavities required to lift the tool 6. _{f h} Damper 21 eliminates the pressure drop in the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders U 14 and 15 of the clamp while reducing it in the piston cavities, while ensuring the necessary flow working fluid for normal operation of the pressure spool 22.

Предохранительный клапан 24 обеспечивает обильную подачу масла в штоковые полости гидроцилиндров прижима при максимальных усилиях. Это полностью исключает колебание давления масла, облагодаря чему отсутствует врезание инструмента в обрабатываемое изделие и значительно улучшается качество продукции.The safety valve 24 provides an abundant supply of oil to the rod cavity of the pressure hydraulic cylinders at maximum effort. This completely eliminates fluctuations in oil pressure, due to which there is no incision of the tool into the workpiece and product quality is significantly improved.

Гидроцилиндры 11 и 13 перемещения 25 каретки связаны с насосом 26 насосной станции 17 через золотник 27 управления, обеспечивающий при включении своего электромагнита дифференциальное подключение.The hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 of the movement 25 of the carriage are connected to the pump 26 of the pump station 17 through the control valve 27, which ensures differential connection when turning on its electromagnet.

Отношение площади поршней, гидро' цилиндров 11 и 13 к площадям их штоков равно двум. Такое отношение площадей, попарное соединение поршневых и штоковых полостей, а также возможность диф35 ференциального подключения гидроцилиндров 11 и 13 обеспечивает: равные скорости перемещения каретки со шпиндельной головкой 5 слева-направо и справа-налево, что важно для качественного шли40 фования; суммирование ходов перемещения: суммируются хода, развиваемые гидроцилиндрами 11 и 13, что гарантирует нормальную работу шлифовального инструмента при повышенных усилиях прижима.The ratio of the area of the pistons, hydro 'cylinders 11 and 13 to the areas of their rods is two. This ratio of areas, pairwise connection of piston and rod cavities, as well as the possibility of differential connection of hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 provides: equal speeds of movement of the carriage with spindle head 5 from left to right and from right to left, which is important for high-quality grinding; summation of travels: the moves developed by hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 are summed up, which guarantees the normal operation of the grinding tool with increased clamping forces.

Последовательный ряд гидроцилиндров со спаренными поршневыми и штоковыми полостями (с их помощью осуществляет-’ ся рабочее перемещение каретки с шлифовально-полировальным инструментом) ₅₀ при обработке изделий представляет собой составной реверсивный удлинитель ХОДа с постоянной скоростью.A series of hydraulic cylinders with paired piston and rod cavities (with their help, the carriage moves with the grinding and polishing tool) ₅₀ during product processing is a composite reversing extension of the STROKE at a constant speed.

Дроссель с регулятором 28 включенThrottle with regulator 28 on

В систему для изменения скорости пере55 мещения гидроцилиндров 11 и 13,In the system for changing the speed of movement of the hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13,

Предлагаемый гидравлический привод работает следующим образом.The proposed hydraulic drive operates as follows.

При подаче на транспортер .1 “обрабатываемых изделий 7, например, при5 73 водным рольгангом (на фиг. не показан), , в зону обработки с помощью гидропилиндров 14 и 15 инструмент 6 подводят* к изделию. Одновремейно включается привод 8 вращения инструмента. Наступает контакт .инструмента с обрабатываемой поверхностью при заданном давлении обработки. Включается насос 26 - гидроцилиндры 13 и 14 начинают перемещаться. Заняв крайнее положение, каретка со to шпиндельной головкой 5 нажимает конце- . вой выключатель, который дает сигнал на золотник 27 - происходит реверс.When feeding the processed products 7 onto the .1 “conveyor, for example, at 5 73 with an aqueous roller table (not shown in FIG.), The tool 6 is brought * to the product using the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15. Simultaneously turns on the drive 8 rotation of the tool. The tool comes in contact with the work surface at a given processing pressure. The pump 26 is turned on - the hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14 begin to move. Having taken the extreme position, the carriage with to spindle head 5 presses the end-. howling switch, which gives a signal to the spool 27 - there is a reverse.

При сигнале Стоп золотник 19 соединяет поршневые полости гидроцилиндров ц 14 и 15 со сливом, в их штоковые полости поступает масло через предохранительный клапан 24 - шлифовальный инструмент поднимается вверх.At the Stop signal, the spool 19 connects the piston cavities of hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 to the drain, oil enters their rod cavities through the safety valve 24 - the grinding tool rises.

Claims

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and is intended for the textured treatment of flat building products, for example, stone, mosaic and other similar cladding plates in a wide range of pressing forces. Stone processing machines are known that contain a carriage with a spindle head and a grinding tool, a movable bridge, a hydraulic drive for moving the carriage in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic pressing tool L1. During grinding, the working fluid from the pump is supplied to both lanes of the pressure cylinders. The pressure of the fluid supplied to the rod (bottom) cavity is constant, and the pressure of the fluid supplied to the piston cavity is adjusted by the regulator. However, in a known machine, when machining stone products, a tool is hampered into a product, caused by fluctuations in the amount of working fluid, occurring in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinders of the priztsm, leading to marriage. Fluid oscillations of the working fluid are caused by the fact that, when operating at a pressure, on which the pressure safety valve is set, a part of the liquid periodically flows through the Yore-safety valve to the tank. In addition, the installation of a long twin-rod hydraulic cylinder (the speed of the carriage with the tool from left to right and right to left should be equal) does not ensure the stability of the hydraulic system, since the ratio of the piston diameter to the stroke exceeds the permissible rates of motion stability of the mechanism. innings Violation of the stability of the hydraulic system also leads to penetration of the tool into the workpiece. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of processing by eliminating the embedding of the tool into the workpiece. This goal is achieved by introducing a reversible adjustable valve and a control spool, the hydraulic unit for moving the carriage to the control unit, in the form of several probes, the hydraulic cylinders with piston and rod cavities with a ratio of piston and piston areas. equal to two, and connected to the pumping station through the control spool in a differential circuit, and the discharge of the clamping valve of the clamping pump is hydraulically connected to the rod cavities of the pressure cylinders, also connected to the drain through a sub-variable adjustable valve. Ya FIG. 1 shows a machine with the proposed drive; Fig. 2 shows the principle of a hydraulic drive. The hydraulic drive of the grinding machine contains a conveyor 1, having a drive station 2 with a casing 3 and located between the supports 4, on which a carriage with a spindle head 5 and a grinding tool 6, pressed in time, is applied to the rail and is equipped with a spindle head 5 and a belt-pressing tool 6, which is pressed during time and out of work, and a set of spindle head 5 and shrinking pryyrovalny tool 6, pressed against the spindle head 5, and pressed by a pryirovalnym tool 6, pressed in time and out of the way, and a set of spindle head 5 and shrinking pryyrovalny Tool 6, pressed in time and out of the way, and in the middle of the tool, the machine is out of the way. The drive 8 is mounted on the carriage. The carriage with the spindle head 5 is supported by the rollers 9 on the supports 9 of the support 4 and is connected hingedly through the trunk 10 to the hydraulic cylinder 11. The latter is connected hingedly through the slider 12 to the hydraulic cylinder 13, which is fixed hingedly on the support 4. On the carriage with a separate head 5, the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 of the tool clamp are also connected, connected by a pipe 16 to the pump station 17. The hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 form a mechanic of uniform movement. A control pool 12 is located in front of the conveyor belt. Pump station 17 is connected to hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 by clamping the control valve 19. In the communication line, the pump 20 - piston cavities padrotsilndrov 14 and 15 installed damper 21I pressure valve 22, associated with the drain. In the communication line, the pump 20 oyokovye cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 is installed pipe 23 with a pre-valve valve 24 providing feed in these cavities. At the same time, the cavity of the rod cavity is simultaneously connected with the tank; the spring slide valve 25.V 0 The melody valve 22 (pressure regulator) provides pressure control in the piston:: cavity of the pressure cylinder. Pressure valve 25 (retaining valve) - maintains the minimum pressure in rod cavities necessary for lifting the tool 6. Damper 21 eliminates pressure drops in rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 of the clamp while reducing it in the piston cavities, simultaneously providing the necessary flow working fluid for the normal operation of the pressure bearing 22, Safety valve 24 provides an abundant supply of oil into the rod end of the hydraulic cylinders of the clamping force with minimum forces. This completely eliminates pressure fluctuations in the oil, which is lavish, and there is no tool lining in the workpiece and significantly improves product quality. The hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 of the carriage movement are connected to the pump 26 of the pumping station 17 via the control spool 27, which provides a differential connection when the electromagnet is switched on. The ratio of the area of pistons, hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 to the area of their rod stocks is equal to two. This ratio of areas, pairwise connection of piston and rod cavities, as well as the possibility of differential connection of hydraulic cylinders 11 and 13 provides: the speed of movement of the carriage with spindle head 5 from left-to-right and right-to-left, which is important for high-quality grinding; c -migration of motion: summation of the stroke developed by the cylinders 11 and 13, which ensures the normal operation of the grinding tool with increased clamping forces. A sequential series of hydraulic cylinders with coupled piston and rod cavities (with their help it makes working movement of the carriage with a grinding and polishing tool) during the processing of products is a composite reversible extension jcbfla with a constant speed. Throttle with controller 28 is turned on. : in a system for changing the speed of movement of the cylinders 11 and 13, the proposed hydraulic drive works as follows. When applying to the conveyor 1, the processed products 7, for example, a driven roller conveyor (not shown in FIG.); In the treatment area with the help of hydraulic shields 14 and 15, tool 6 is brought to the product. At the same time, the drive 8 of the tool 1-gga is turned on. A coot act of the tool comes along with the surface to be machined at a given treatment pressure. The pump 26 is turned on - the hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14 begin to move. Zan to the extreme position, the carriage c6 with the spindle head 5 pushes the limit switch, which gives a signal to the spool 27 - a reverse occurs. When the Stop signal is received, the spool 19 connects the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 15 with a drain, oil enters their stock rods through the safety valve 24 - the grinding tool rises upwards. Invention Formula

Hydraulic drive of the grinding machine of the grinding machine, containing a pump station, a hydraulic unit for moving the carriage with a tool carriage, differential 73

Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 334040, cl. B 24 V 7/22, 1969. The t-valve E is separately connected to the pressure pump by t-stitching and safety valve E th pressure valve, which is based on the fact that, in order to improve the quality of processing by preventing the tool from penetrating into the product, it is introduced retaining adjustable 1 valve and spool control. hydraulic unit for moving the carriage, you are filled in the form of several series-connected hydrocylids with sparred piston and rod cavities with a ratio of area-piston and rod equal to two, and connected to the pump station through the control spool in a differential circuit, and the drain of the safety valve of the pump pump is hydraulically connected with a pressure rod hollow of the hydraulic cylinders, with 3aHteix also with a drain through a retaining adjustable valve.

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