SU737625A1 - Percussive-action pneumatic device - Google Patents

Description

(54) PNEUMATIC DEVICE OF SHOCK ACTION

I

The invention relates to pneumatic percussion devices for drilling wells and can be used in the mining industry.

Known pneumatic percussion devices include a housing, a piston with a central and radial channel. MI, a rod, a spool entering the front end of the piston and provided with axial and radial channels, an adapter for connecting with a stand, a shaft and a drilling tool containing an exhaust channel 1. The supply of energy to the chambers of the working and idling is carried out through the channels of the piston rod and spool.

The drawback of the device is the low average energy carrier pressure in the working stroke chamber, which makes it difficult to obtain sufficiently high power.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a pneumatic percussion device, in the casing of which is located a piston made with channels and forming a working and no-load chambers-slits with the body of the chamber.

the axial and radial channels fixed in the valve unit, extended from the bottom, by us on the side surface with which the ring elastic valve forms inlet channels communicated with the working stroke chamber 2.

The drawback of the device is that the pressure drop required to close the inlet channels with a valve is created when the exhaust ports are opened. This leads to an increase in the unproductive consumption of the energy carrier and complicates the use of the device in submersible hammers, in which the exhaust of the spent energy carrier from the chambers is carried out through a channel in the drilling tool, the flow cross section of which cannot be

IS is made quite large due to a decrease in strength.

The aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption.

20

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the valve seat at the inlet to the inlet channels there are windows for supplying energy carrier to the axial channel of the spool rod.

FIG. I shows the device, the slit; in fig. 2 - the same, cross-sectional cut.

In the hollow case 1, which has in front of the socket 2 under the tool 3, with the possibility of reciprocating movement is placed the piston 4, which separates the part of the body on the camera of the working stroke 5 and the idle chamber 6.

In case 1, a bore 7 and channels 8 are provided for communicating camera b at the upper position of the bottom 4 with a swapple channel 9 of tool 3. - -. .. y ,,., ..., -, ..-...,.

The piston 4 has a central channel 10 two annular bores 11 and 12, connected by inclined channels 13 and 14, respectively, with chambers 5 and 6.

In the central channel 10 porshn 4 there is installed a spool-spool 15 with an axial 16 and 17 radial channels for supplying energy carrier to the annular bores 11 and 12 of the squash 4. In the front part, the spool-rod 15 is made with a finger 18 to periodically shut off the channel 10. In the upper part of the housing 1, a valve seat 19 is installed, made in one piece with the adapter 20 and forming a valve cavity 21 with the housing 1. In the saddle there are side channels 22 for connecting the valve cavity 21 to a source of pressure.

A side elastic valve 23 is formed on the side surface of the saddle 19, which forms the inlet channels 24 with the longitudinal depressions of the side working surface of the saddle 19. At the entrance to the inlet channels 24 3 of the saddle 1, windows 25 are provided that connect the valve cavity 21 with the axial channel 16 of the spool rod 15 ::

Opposite the valve 23 on the saddle 19 there is an annular groove 26 connected by longitudinal channels 27 to the working stroke chamber 5. The spool rod 15 is fixed in the valve seat 19 by means of a sleeve 28 equipped with a stopper 39 and made with the channels 30.

The device works as follows.

When the device is connected to the source of the network pressure, the energy carrier via channel 22, windows 25, channels Zb, 16, 17 and 14 enters the idle chamber 6, and through channels 22, 24, groove 26 and channel 27 - into the camera of working stroke 5 and then through channels 13,10 and 9 it is removed to the surrounding space. Under the action of a pressure differential resulting from the consumption of energy through windows 25 and channels 27, valve sections 23 forming inlet channels 24 deform and block the input of energy carrier into chamber 5.

Porsche 4 is idling. When Porsch 4 is in motion, finger 18 enters channel 10 and provides camera isolation 5

from the surrounding space .. After the channel 4 is blocked by the channel 4, the energy supply to the chamber 6 is stopped, and then when the hole 4 of the bore 7 is opened, the spent energy is removed from it

through channel 9 into the surrounding space. Upon further movement of the piston 4, the channel 17 opens into the bore 11, and the energy carrier through the channel 13 fills the chamber 5. The pressure drop acting on the valve decreases, and under the influence inside

in elastic forces, it contracts and opens inlet channels 24.

The pressure in vessel 5 rises to the network. The piston 4 stops and then makes a working stroke.

In the initial period of the working stroke, chamber 5 is connected to a source of mains pressure through a valve and channels 16, 17, bore 11 and channels 13, spool rod 15 and piston 4, and after blocking the channel 17 with the piston remains connected to the network

0 ko through the valve.

During this period, the speed of the piston 4 continuously increases, which causes an increase in the pressure differential acting on the valve 23. When the radial channel 17 is opened, the energy carrier goes through the windows 25, the bore 26 and the channels 16, 17 and 14 to the bore 12 in the bore 12.

Due to the fact that windows 25 are provided at the entrance to intake ducts 24, the number

the energy carrier supplied to the chamber 5 through the valve 23 is reduced. This leads to an additional increase in pressure drop acting on the valve. At this moment, the valve moves and closes the inlet channels 24. The energy supply to the chamber 5 is stopped, and later when the finger 18 leaves the channel 10, the exhausted energy carrier from it through the channels 13, 10 and 9 is removed into the surrounding space. The pressure in chamber 6 rises rapidly. . . ,

After hitting the tool 4 over tool 3, the cycle is repeated. . ;

The presence of windows in the valve seat, made at the inlet to the inlets, allows the filling of the idling chamber to create an additional pressure differential acting on the valve and to close the valve inlets through the valve until the working stroke chamber is connected to the surrounding space. This provides a decrease in p of the gathering of the energy carrier and an improvement in the cleaning of the working stroke chamber from the spent energy carrier.

The presence of an annular groove on the surface of the valve seat, connected by longitudinal channels with the working stroke chamber, makes it possible to rationally channel the channels through which the energy carrier is supplied to the chambers.

Claims (1)

Claim Pneumatic percussion device, the housing of which is placed a piston formed with channels and defining with the housing of the working chamber and the idle ho- ₅ yes stem-spool having axial and radial channels fixed valve seat, s.vpadinami executed on the side surface, with which the annular elastic valve forms inlet channels in communication with the working chamber, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption, windows for supplying energy are made in the valve seat at the inlet to the inlet channels carrier in the axial channel of the spool stem.