SU732065A1 - High-speed horizontal two-side strike stamping hammer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and is intended for the speed forming of conventional and hard-to-deform metals and alloys. A high-speed horizontal punching hammer with a double-sided impact is known, comprising a frame, two working cylinders mounted on it, connected via distribution equipment with a pump, control units in which differential spools are located to control the movement of the working cylinder rods with tools attached to them, as well as nodes for holding the rods 11. A disadvantage of the known hammer is the inability to compensate for mixing the plane of the tool’s connector, as well as to adjust the speed of acceleration of women and / besides, the increased time of contact of tools with the heated preparation. In order to increase tool life and product quality, the hammer is worn with a device for centering the workpiece, made in the form of two additional cylinders with pistons and rods mounted together with working cylinders, through holes in the working cylinders are made through which additional cylinder rods are passed This piston cavity of each additional cylinder is filled with high-pressure gas, as well as a device for controlling the acceleration rate of the rods, made in the form of a travel stop spool mounted in the control unit with the possibility of axial movement. Each node for holding the rods of the working cylinders is made in the form of a check valve placed in the central hole of the differential spool, and a throttle mounted in the end of the spool. The drawing schematically shows the proposed hammer. It contains working cylinders 1, rods 2 on which tool 3 is fixed, and control blocks 4. Each of the cylinders is mounted on a frame (not shown) and forms a cocking 5 and auxiliary 6 chambers with the rod. Above the stem there is an accumulator 7 filled with high-pressure gas, having a limiter of the maximum stroke of the rod. At the end of each cylinder,

behind the battery 7, an additional cylinder 8 of the workpiece clamping mechanism is made. In the cylinder there is a piston, the rod 9 of which passes through an opening in the body of the rod 2. At the end of the rod is fixed elongated on a rolling pin 10, the end of which is made; it is not shaped to clamp workpieces of various shapes. The piston cavity of the auxiliary cylinder is filled with gas, and the rod cavity 11 is normally connected by distributor 12 through throttle 13 to regulate the speed of movement with the drain.

The control unit houses a differential spool 14 with a central bore 15, which forms a control chamber 16 with the housing, a cavity 17 for supplying a pressure line from the pump, and two annular grooves 18 and 19. The groove 18 is connected by a channel with a charging cavity, and the groove 19 is connected to an auxiliary camera second cylinder. A check valve 20 is installed in the central hole 15 of the spool, and in the end wall of the spool there is a choke 21 for communicating the control chamber with the charging chamber. A check valve and a throttle serve to stop the rod 2 in any position when the pump is turned off. A movable stopper 22 of the spool stroke 14 is installed in the station control unit station. The spool stroke stopper is designed to change the area of the flow channel between the channels 18, 19 and thus allows the rod speed to be adjusted. At the outlet of the charging chamber, a controlled check valve 23 with a control chamber 24 is installed. Liquid from the check valve 23 flows through the valve .25 into the rod cavity of the protective device drive cylinder 26 (not shown). After opening the safety device, excess liquid is drained through safety valve 27.

The control chambers 16, 24 are interconnected, and through the distributor 28, the check valve 29 is connected to the cavity 17 and the flow divider 30, made in the form of two rigidly connected shafts, hydraulic motors. A safety valve 31 is installed at the outlet of the flow divider. From the flow divider there is a liquid at the pressure head. The main line 32 is brought through the check valve 33 to the distributors 12 and 23. The valve 34 normally connects the piston cavity of the cylinder with the drain, and when it is turned on, it provides liquid to the piston cavity or through the check valve 35 ,, or the safety valve 27 to the drain .

The flow divider liquid comes from the pumping station, which includes a pump 36, a safety valve 37, a throttle 38, a check valve 39, and an accumulator 40.

From the pumping station, the liquid is supplied to the distributor 41 to control the unit for feeding the workpiece into the die space. At the inlet to the piston 42 and the rod 43 of the cavity of the feed cylinder 44, retaining valves 45 and 46 are installed. The piston 47 and the rod 48 of the cavity of the gripper cylinder 49 are connected to the rod 43 and the piston 42 of the feed cylinder, respectively.

High-speed horizontal hammer with double-sided impact works as follows.

The fluid from the pump 36 through the check valve 39, the divider to the flow 30 simultaneously flows into the cavities 17 of the control units of both cylinders, which are connected via the check valve 29, the distributor 28 to the control chambers 16 and 24. The pressure in the chambers 16, 17 increases and, that the area from the side of the chamber 16 is larger, the valve moves under the action of the resultant force, connecting the pressure line through the central valve 15, the check valve 20, the radial holes and the groove 18 to the charging chamber 5. The liquid from the pressure line enters the chamber, synchronous charging of the rods occurs, accompanied by additional compression of gas in the accumulator 7. During the charging period, the liquid from the auxiliary chambers 6 is pushed out through the backward-controlled valve 23, the valve 25 into the rod cavity of the cylinder 26 of the barrier device, opening it. Excess fluid after opening the protective device comes from the charging chamber to drain through the valve 27.

Claims (2)

At the end of the platoon, a control signal is received to the valves 12, the spools of which move and connect the pressure line 32 through the check valve 33 to the rod cavity 11 of the cylinder 8. The rods 9 are diluted, freeing the die space. Thereafter, a control signal is supplied to the distributor 41, which connects the cavities 42 and 48 to the head. Due to the presence of a retaining valve 46, the liquid first enters the cavity 48, seizes the workpiece, and then into the cavity 42, providing movement of the cylinder rod 44 and supplying the workpiece to the die space. After the billet enters the die space, the signal from the distributors 12 is removed. Under the action of gas in the piston of the 1st cavity of the cylinder 8, the pistons with the rods 9 move and clamp the incoming billet with rolling pins 10. The end of the rolling pin, which is shaped in accordance with the blank, ensures its reliable holding and fixed centering relative to the punch axis. Then the valve 41 connects to the pressure of the cavity 43 and 47. Since the recess valve 45 is installed in front of the cavity 43, the fluid first enters the cavity 47 and expands the grip, and then into the cavity 43, providing the grip output from the die space. To perform the following operation, a control signal is applied to the distributor 34, which connects the piston cavity of the cylinder 26 to the pressure line. The barrier device closes and ends with the preparatory part of the hammer cycle. During the preparatory part of the cycle, the rods 2 are securely held in the cocked position with the help of a check valve 20 and throttles 21 installed in the spool 14. As the pressure from the storbna of the accumulator 7 is exerted by gas pressure, a proportional fluid pressure. The check valve 20 blocks the flow of fluid into the pressure line 32, and the throttle 21, maintaining a high pressure in the control chamber 16, equal to the pressure in the charging chamber, and leakage compensation through the auxiliary equipment, reliably holds the slide valve 14 in the arming position (in this position the hammer shown in the drawing). A check valve and throttle integrated in the spool allow the same spool to be held in any position along the stroke. In order to carry out the working stroke, i.e. stamping of the workpiece, a control signal is applied to the spool 28, which connects the control chambers 16 and 24 to the drain. The controlled check valve 23 is closed, and the gold 14 moves under the action of force from the cavity 17 side and, abutting against the stop 22, forms a calibrated flow cross section between the grooves 18 and 19. This allows the setting of the first acceleration of working rods 2. Fluid from the charging chamber of one cylinder through the grooves 18, 19 flows into the auxiliary chamber of another cylinder, ensuring the synchronous movement of the working rods 2. At the end of the acceleration, a stamping of the workpiece occurs. However, due to the presence of random factors (heating and the presence of a gas phase in a liquid, a change in mechanical and hydraulic friction forces, etc.), the plunger of the die will shift in a certain range. To compensate for the nonsynchronous impact of working rods, 2 piston cavities of 1 cylinder for clamping the blanks are filled with gas. In this case, the half of the stamp that first touches the workpiece takes it along with it and, together with the rolling pin of the opposite cylinder, moves before the collision with the second half of the stamp. Thus, in each cycle, a complete compensation of the non-synchronous movement of the operating rods occurs. After completing the working stroke, i.e. after the blank has been stamped, the control signal is removed from the distributor 28 and the chambers. The controls 16, 24 are connected to the cavity 17 and the pressure line 32. The spool 14 moves under the effect of the resultant force and starts charging the working rods. At the same time, the forging remains clamped by rolling pins 9, since the piston cavity of the cylinder 8 ALA clamping the blanks is constantly under pressure of gas. At the end of the charging of the operating rods, the control signal is fed to the distributor 12. The rod cavity 11 is connected to the pressure line 32 and the rods 9 with rolling pins 10 are separated to the sides, and the forging is released and fed down. Then the cycle repeats. This hammer design significantly reduces the contact time of the heated billet with a die, which in turn increases tool life and durability. At the same time, the hammer ensures that the blank is held in a centered position relative to the die axis and the compensation of the displacement plane of the tool is fully compensated. In addition, the hammer drive makes it possible to stop the operating rods in any position along the stroke length, to divert pressure from the main pump to power consumers with a lower working fluid pressure and to regulate the acceleration rates of the operating rods in a wide range. Claim 1. High-speed horizontal punching hammer with double-sided impact, containing a frame, two working cylinders placed on it, connected through a switchgear Fu with a pump, control units, in which differential spools are located to control the movement of the working cylinder rods with fixed tools, as well as nodes for holding the rods, characterized in that in order to increase resilience tools and quality of products, it provides (a device for centering the workpiece, made in the form of {Two additional cylinders with pistons and rods mounted coaxially with the working cylinders, through holes of the working cylinders are made through the cylinders of the additional cylinders, while The piston cavity of each additional cylinder is filled with high-pressure gas, and a device for adjusting the acceleration rate of the rods, made in the form of a spool valve, is installed leg in the control unit with the possibility of axial movement. 2. Hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that each unit for holding the rods of the working cylinders is designed as a check valve placed in the central hole of the differential spool, and a throttle mounted at the end of the spool. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate in application 2467033 / 25-27, cl. B 21 J 7/28, 1976. vusch) -