SU730387A1

SU730387A1 - Grain cleaning machine

Info

Publication number: SU730387A1
Application number: SU762348894A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Анатолий Назарович Прилуцкий; Евгений Сергеевич Гончаров
Priority date: 1976-04-14
Filing date: 1976-04-14
Publication date: 1980-04-30

Description

Изобретение относится к технике для сепарирования зерновых смесей по размерам и может быть использовано в отраслях народного хозяйства, применяющих разделение сьптучих материалов на фракции.The invention relates to techniques for separating grain mixtures by size and can be used in sectors of the economy that use the separation of bulk materials into fractions.

Известна вибрационная машина для сортирования зерновых смесей, включающая колеблющийся, решетчатые станы с круглыми решетками и электродвигатель с неуравновешенными грузами, причем решетчатые стены с электродвигателем подвешены с точкой подвеса по вертикальной оси симметрии [1].Known vibration machine for sorting grain mixtures, including oscillating, lattice mills with round lattices and an electric motor with unbalanced loads, and lattice walls with an electric motor suspended from a suspension point on a vertical axis of symmetry [1].

Недостаток этой машины - вероятность возникновения резонанса, возникающего при остановке и пуске машины, что снижает ее эксплуатационную надежность.The disadvantage of this machine is the likelihood of resonance occurring when the machine is stopped and started up, which reduces its operational reliability.

Наиболее близким техническим решением к изобретению является виброцентробежная зерноочистительная машина, содержащая решетчатый барабан, закрепленный на приводном попом валу, самобаланоный вибратор с приводом, установленным в корпусе устройства для загрузки и выгрузки продуктов [2].The closest technical solution to the invention is a vibrocentrifugal grain cleaning machine containing a trellis drum mounted on the drive pop shaft, a self-balancing vibrator with a drive installed in the device’s body for loading and unloading products [2].

Недостаток такой машины - невысокая надежность работы в связи с неполным уравновешиванием· сил инерции колебля⁵ щи.хся масс решета.The disadvantage of such a machine is the low reliability of operation due to incomplete balancing of the · inertia forces, fluctuating ⁵ mm of the sieve mass.

Цель изобретения — повышение надежности работы машины за счет полного уравновешивания силы инерции колеблющихся масс решет.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the machine due to the complete balancing of the inertia of the oscillating masses of the sieves.

Для достижения поставленной цели самобалансный вибратор выполнен в виде полого эксцентрикового вала с размещенным в нем посредством подшипников балансирным валом, при этом оба вала снабжены одинаковыми коническими шестернями и зацеплены с третьей конической шестерней, установленной в корпусе вибратора посредством подшипников.To achieve this goal, the self-balancing vibrator is made in the form of a hollow eccentric shaft with a balancing shaft placed in it by means of bearings, while both shafts are equipped with the same bevel gears and engaged with a third bevel gear installed in the vibrator body by bearings.

На чертеже изображена зерноочистительная машина, вертикальный разрез.The drawing shows a grain cleaning machine, a vertical section.

Машина имеет зернопривод 1, приемную камеру 2, разбрасыватель 3, каркас ротора 4, с закрепленным к нему в двух горизонтальных плоскостях посредством трехрычажных подвесок 5 с упругими втулками в шарнирах цельным решетным барабаном 6, состоящем из верхнего и нижнего решет. Барабан 6 посредством траверсы 7, через шарнирное соединение и шатун 8 соединен с эксцентриком 9, установленным на полом валу 10 вибратора. На полом валу 10 вибратора закреплены также шкив 11, коническая зубчатая шестерня 12 и балансиры 13. Вал 10 через подшипники установлен в корпусе 14 вибратора, который жестко закреплен к раме 15 зерноочистительной машины. Внутри полого вала 10 через подшипники установлен балансирный вал 16_₽ на котором закреплены коническая шестерня 17 и балансиры 18. В корпусе 14 вибратора через подшипники установлена шестерня 19, которая находит-, ся в зацеплении с шестернями 12 и 17 эксцентрикового 9 и балансирного 16 валов вибратора.The machine has a grain drive 1, a receiving chamber 2, a spreader 3, a rotor carcass 4, with a three-link suspension 5 attached to it in two horizontal planes with elastic bushings in hinges with a solid sieve drum 6, consisting of upper and lower sieves. The drum 6 by means of a traverse 7, through a swivel joint and a connecting rod 8 is connected to an eccentric 9 mounted on the hollow shaft 10 of the vibrator. A pulley 11, a bevel gear 12 and balancers 13 are also fixed on the hollow shaft 10 of the vibrator. The shaft 10 is mounted through the bearings in the housing 14 of the vibrator, which is rigidly fixed to the frame 15 of the grain cleaning machine. Inside the hollow shaft 10, through the bearings, a balancing shaft 16 _₽ is mounted on which the bevel gear 17 and the balancers 18 are fixed. In the housing 14 of the vibrator, the gear 19 is installed through the bearings, which is meshed with the gears 12 and 17 of the eccentric 9 and the balancer 16 shafts of the vibrator .

Каркас ротора 4 через подшипники установлен в кожухе 20. который имеет лотки 21,. 22 и 23. Кожух 20 установлен на. раме 15. В нижней части каркаса ротора 4 установлен шкив 24, который вместе с ротором приводится во вращательное движение посредством клиноременных передач от электродвигателя 25 со шкивом 26 и вала контрпривода 27 со шкивами 28 и 29. К барабану 6 закреплены скребки 30, 31 и 32. К кожуху 20 машины закреплены очистители отверстий решет 33. Над разбрасывателем 3 установлена цилиндрическая заслонка 34, перемещаемая в осевом направлении.The frame of the rotor 4 through the bearings is installed in the casing 20. which has trays 21 ,. 22 and 23. Casing 20 is mounted on. frame 15. In the lower part of the rotor frame 4 there is a pulley 24, which together with the rotor is rotationally driven by V-belt drives from an electric motor 25 with a pulley 26 and a counter drive shaft 27 with pulleys 28 and 29. Scrapers 30, 31 and 32 are fixed to the drum 6 . To the casing 20 of the machine fixed sieve openers sieves 33. Above the spreader 3 has a cylindrical damper 34, movable in the axial direction.

Машина работает следующим образом. Зерновой материал, подлежащий разделению по размерам на функции, непрерывно самотеком поступает через зернопровод 1 в приемную камеру 2 и при открытии заслонки 34 - на разбрасыватель 3, с помощью которого равномерным слоем подается на верхнее решето барабана 6. Под действием центробежных сил инерции вращательного движения частицы прижимаются к внутренней поверхности решета, а за счет его осевых колебаний перемещаются вдоль образующих решета сверху вниз. Частицы, размеры которых меньше, размеров отверстий верхнего (юшета,The machine operates as follows. Grain material to be divided by size into functions continuously flows by gravity through the grain duct 1 to the receiving chamber 2 and, when the shutter 34 is opened, to the spreader 3, with the help of which it is fed uniformly onto the upper sieve of the drum 6. Under the action of centrifugal inertia forces of the particle’s rotational motion pressed to the inner surface of the sieve, and due to its axial vibrations move along the generatrix of the sieve from top to bottom. Particles whose sizes are smaller than the size of the holes of the upper

730387 4 просеиваются сквозь его отверстия и скребками 30 вьгружаются в листок 21, остальные - поступают на нижнее решето, где процесс протекает аналогичным ₅ образом. Прошедшие сквозь отверстия нижнего решета частицы скребками 31 выгружаются в лоток 22, а непросеявшиеся - сходят с решета и скребками 32 выгружаются в лоток 23.730387 4 are sifted through its openings and scraper 30 are loaded into the sheet 21, the rest are fed to the lower sieve, where the process proceeds in a similar ₅ way. The particles that have passed through the openings of the lower sieve are scraped out by the scrapers 31 into the tray 22, while the non-sifted particles go off the sieve and the scrapers 32 are discharged into the tray 23.

Отверстия решет от заклинивания в них частиц очищаются с помощью цилиндрических очистителей 33, которые прижимаются в поверхности решета и перекатываются относительно нее. Таким 15 образом исходный зерновой материал разделяется на три фракции.The holes of the sieves from jamming of particles in them are cleaned using cylindrical cleaners 33, which are pressed into the surface of the sieve and rolled relative to it. In this way, the initial grain material is divided into three fractions.

Применение вибратора, эксцентриковый вал которого выполнен полым и в нем установлен балансирный вал, привод 20 вращения которых выполнен указанным образом, позволяет совместить линию действия равнодействующих сил инерции грузов с осью вращения решет, что обеспечивает при жестком кинематическом ²⁵ режиме колебательного движения уравновешивание силы инерции колеблющихся масс решетного барабана.Application of the vibrator, the eccentric shaft which is hollow and in it is mounted balancer shaft, the drive 20 rotation of which is configured in this way, allows to combine the line of action of the resultant forces cargo inertia with the rotation axis lattice, which provides for rigid kinematic ²⁵ mode vibrational motion of the balancing of the oscillating masses of inertia forces sieve drum.

Claims

The invention relates to a technique for separating grain mixtures by size and can be used in the field of national economy, using bulk separation of bulk materials into fractions. Famous vibration machine for sorbing grain mixtures | oscillating lattice mills with round grids and an electric motor with unbalanced weights, with lattice walls with an electric motor suspended from a suspension point along the vertical axis of symmetry l. The disadvantage of this machine is that the resonance that occurs when the machine is stopped and started, which reduces its operational reliability. The closest technical solution to the invention is a vibrating center of a beard grain cleaning machine, containing a grid drum, fixed on a drive shaft, and a self-balanced vibrator with a vacuum drum. installed in the device case for loading and BI, product load

2. The lack of such a machine is low reliability of operation due to incomplete balancing of the inertia forces of oscillating masses of the sieve. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the machine operation by fully balancing the inertia force of oscillating masses of sieves. To achieve this goal, the self-balancing vibrator is made in the form of a hollow eccentric shaft with a balance shaft stretched in it by means of bearings, with both shafts equipped with identical bevel gears and meshed with a third gear wheel mounted on the vibrator housing by means of bearings. The drawing shows a 3spHoo4vtc- machine, in-vertical slit. The Maigana has an actuator 1, a receiving chamber 2, a spreader 3, a rotor 4, with saKpennevnu.iM to it in two horizontal planes by means of t {: horizontal suspension suspensions 5, with elastic bushings in the hinges with a solid grate baroan 6 consisting of the upper and lower sieves. The drum 6 through the cross beam 7, through a swivel joint and the connecting rod 8 is connected to the eccentric 9 mounted on the hollow shaft 10 of the vibrator, and the pulley 11 is fixed on the hollow shaft 10 of the vibrator as well (gear bevel gear 12 and balancers 13, the shaft 10 is mounted through bearings in the vibrator body 14, which is rigidly fixed to the frame 15 of the grain cleaning machine; Inside the hollow shaft 10, a balance shaft 16 is installed through bearings, on which a conical wheel 17 and balancers 18b are fixed. In gearbox 14 of the vibrator, gear 19 is mounted through bearings. of the torus is engaged with the gears of the to-t 12 and 17 eccentric 9 and 16 balancing vibrators. The rotor frame 4 is mounted through bearings in the casing 20. which has trays 21, 22 and 23, the casing 20 is mounted on, frame 15, at the bottom A cascade of the rotor 4 is fitted with a pulley 24 which, together with the rotor, is rotated by means of V-belt transmissions from an electric motor 25 with a pulley 26 and a shaft of a control drive 27 from a ffl 28 and 29 shank, to the drum 6 are fixed scrapers 30, 31 and 32, to the casing 20 machines fixed sieve hole cleaners 33 Above rasprashsat Note 3: The cylinder valve 34 is installed in the axial direction. The machine operates as follows. Grain material to be divided by size into functions, the gravity wire 1 goes straight through the grain through the grain 1 to the spreader chamber 2 and when the valve 34 is opened - to the spreader 3 By means of which centrifugal forces of inertia of the rotational motion the particles are pressed against the inner surface of the slat, and due to its axial oscillations are mixed with long forming particles of sieve from above. Particles with sizes smaller than the holes of the upper {pg. 74 are sifted through its openings and scraper 30 are discharged into sheet 21, and the apertures go to the lower sieve, where the process proceeds in a similar way. The particles that have passed through the holes of the bottom sieve are scraped out by the scrapers 31 into the chute 22, and the empty lids are removed from the sieve and the scrapers 32 are unloaded into the chute 23. The holes of the sieves are cleaned with the help of cylindrical cleaners 33, which are pressed into the sieve surface and rolled regarding her. In this way, the original cereal material is divided into three fractions. The use of a vibrator, the eccentric shaft of which is made hollow and has a balance shaft installed in it, whose rotational drive is fulfilled in this way, makes it possible to combine the line of action of the equivalent inertia forces of the weights with the axis of rotation of the sieves the drum. Grain-cleaning machine comprising a lattice drum fixed on a driving pop shaft, a self-balancing vibrator with a drive mounted in the housing of a device for loading and unloading products, characterized in that in order to increase the reliability of the machine operation by ensuring complete balancing of inertia force oscillating masses of sieves, self-balancing vibrator is made in the form of a hollow eccentric shaft with a balance shaft placed in it by means of bearings, and both shafts are equipped with the same ovymi bevel gears and fastened to the third bevel gear, the housing of the vibrator ustanovoennoy bearing information sources, the received note in the examination 1.Avtorskoe № Certificate USSR 445480, kn. B O7 B 1/26, 1972. 2, Copyright, USSR certificate No. 483152, cl. B 07 B 1/26, 1972.