SU729564A1 - Electric power supply device - Google Patents

Description

(54) POWER SUPPLY DEVICE

one

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to power digital computers.

A device for power supply is known, which contains transformers with a transformer with a load-controlled transformer ratio, a measuring element, an actuator control unit, and) an additional org. 1.

In the known device, the stabilization is carried out at high energy costs (low efficiency) with smooth adjustment or with low accuracy when using thyristors (limited number of taps). Errors in the stabilization path during operation are also not automatically eliminated.

The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for power supply, containing in series a valve block, a filter block and a switch block, the output of which serves to load the load block, a synchronizer, whose input is connected to the first input terminal for connecting network, to the input of the reference source and to the first battery input of the battery, display and alarm unit, a console, one of the inputs of which is used to connect to the second input at the conclusion to activate or deactivate the device and perek.shochatel 2.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality rating of a power supply device.

This is achieved by the fact that the device for power supply, which contains series-connected, valve block, filter block and switch block, the output of which serves to connect the load block, synchronizer, whose input is connected to the first input terminal for

20 of the power supply network, to the input of the reference source and to the first battery input of the battery, the indication and alarm unit, a console, one of the inputs of which is used to connect to the second input terminal to turn on or turn off the device and switch. the reader is equipped with a digital-analog multiplier, the output of which is connected to the input of the valve block, the first

30 input - to the specified first input output, the second one - to the synchronizer output of the torus, the information controller, to the output of which, connected to the second input of the switch unit, is connected the third input of the digital-analogue multiplier, analog-digital converter, the first input of which is connected to the output of the switch unit , the second - with the output of the filter unit, the third - with the third input of the digital-analogue multiplier, the fourth - with the output of the switch, the first input of which is connected to the output of the battery batteries, the second input with the output o the third input is connected to the first input of the information dispatcher, the first input is connected to the output of the analogue digital converter and the second input of the information dispatcher, the second input is connected to the third input of the information dispatcher, the fourth the input of which is connected to the output of the console, and the third input of the increment analyzer is connected to the third input of the digital-analogue multiplier by a digital-analogue converter, one input of which is connected with the output of the information dispatcher, another input with the third input of the information dispatcher, and the output with the fifth input of the analog-digital converter, the setting block and the consultants, the first input of which is connected to the third input terminal, which is connected to the program source bus, the second input is with the second of the indicated inputs of the digital-to-analog converter, the third input is with the third input of the digital-to-digital converter, and the output is with the fifth input of the information controller, the sixth input of which is connected to the output of the unit the display and input connected to the third input of the digital-analog multiplier and another input of the console, the battery output of the batteries connected to the third input of the switch block, and the other input to the third input of the set of settings and constants, the diffraction multiplexer is made of consequently connected nodes according to the number of bits of the input code, each of which is made in the form of drossel, one and the second terminals of which are connected to the first terminals of the secondary windings of transformers of neighboring nodes except the younger bit, one output of which is connected to the zero potential bus, the primary winding of the transformer is connected by one output to the first input of a digital-channel multiplier, the other output through the switching circuit to the second output of the transformer secondary winding and to the zero-potential bus, and two control inputs switching circuits are connected to the second and third inputs of a digital-analogue multiplier, the output of which is galvanically and inductively connected to a high-order transformer. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply device; in fig. 2 - scheme of the digital-tax multiplier. The device for power supply contains a block 1 of valves, a block of 2 filters, a block of 3 switches, a block of 4 loads, a synchronizer 5, a block 6 of indication and alarm, a remote control 7, a reference source 8, a switch 9, a battery 10 batteries, a digital-analog multiplier 11, analog digital converter 12, 13 increment analyzer, information controller 14, block 15 of settings and constants, digital-to-analog generator 16, bus 17 of the alternating voltage source, bus 18 of the program source and -th 19 operator. The digital-analog multiplier 11 connected to the alternating voltage source via bus 17, for example to the network, controls the value of the alternating voltage at the input of unit 1 so that the constant voltages rectified by it and filtered by unit 2 through -block 3 to the unit 4, were maintained at the loads of block 4 constant when the magnitude of the alternating voltage on bus 17 changed, when the magnitude of the loads in block 4 changed, and when the external conditions changed (temperature, viscosity, pressure). The synchronizer 5 generates pulse control signals at the moments when the alternating voltage passes across the bus 17 through zero. The internal state of the digital-analogue multiplier 11 is changed at the times determined by these pulsed signals, so that there are no overvoltages on the elements of the multiplier 11 and switching interferences for the loads of block 4 are eliminated. The voltage from the output of block 2 is fed to analog-to-digital converter 12 which converts the indicated voltages into proportional codes, which enter the dispatcher's input 14, and the reference codes of the voltage values on the loads of the block are sent to the input of the dispatcher 14 from block 15 4, codes of the upper and lower limits of the voltage deviations at loads from the nominal, codes of maximum and minimum values of currents in the loads of block 4, codes of fixed time intervals, codes of the upper and lower limits of EMF and internal resistance of the power sources, reference control codes and any other reference codes and constants. Storing the standards in digital, rather than in analog form can significantly improve the accuracy of the standards for a given number of bits in the code, Bdoc 15 is a passive memory device, performed, for example, on diodes, ferrites, unipolar transistors in an integrated design, and so on. P. The information in block 15 can be easily modified by the source of an external program on bus 18; Manager 14 calculates the difference between the current code value of the corresponding voltage and its reference value. The difference code from the output of the controller 14 is fed to the input of the multiplier 11, changing its state so that when the alternating voltage at its output changes, the code value of the difference between the reference and current codes tends to zero. The increment analyzer 13 allocates the difference of the current values of the EMF codes (E) at the output of block 2 and the voltages at the loads of block 4 (I) (obtaining the value of the emf and the internal resistance of the device to block 4 will be indented below), For this difference and the known value of internal Resistance g Dispatcher 14 calculates the current value of the current code J in the load of block 4 using the formula - - which is compared with the reference code values of the upper and lower current limits written in block 15, increasing the current reference limit during a given interval The system is interpreted as a short circuit, below the reference limit as a device malfunction before block 4. In each of these cases, dispatcher 14 turns on block 6 indicating the location and cause of the malfunction. From console 7, the device is turned on and off by the operator 19 or shutdown in emergency situations by the dispatcher 14, the dispatcher 14 also determines the order of switching on and off through the unit 3 of the power supply voltages of the unit 4, representing the digital computer by the computer. The power-on and power-off algorithms J for modern computers are quite a complex sequence of control actions with different durations. This device, due to the possibility of reprogramming dispatcher 14 and changing constants in block 15, makes it possible to relatively easily implement these algorithms and simply reorient to a wide variety of computers. Of particular importance for modern computing machines, especially large, complex, many hours of complex tasks, and directing (aerospace, energy, technological) processes is the continuation of the computational process during breaks in the supply of alternating voltage on the bus 17, causing erasing information in the digital computer memory . This is signaled by a decrease in voltage at block 4 below a predetermined limit, for example, by 10-15%. In this case, dispatcher 14 disconnects block 4 from block 2 by means of block 3 using block 3 and also connects the battery to block 4 10 batteries, which up to this point in time were constantly recharged using an internal charger from an alternating voltage source across the bus 17, Blocks 12-16 are powered through a switch 9 from a reference source 8 or in emergency situations from a battery 10, EMF (E) and internal resistance ivlenie active two-terminal network comprised of a multiplier 11, blokov1 and 2, the controller 14 is calculated based on an equivalent theorem generator. For this, the dispatcher 14 regularly at certain time intervals set by block 15 according to a predetermined program disconnects block 4 using block 3 from the active two-port device while simultaneously connecting battery 10 to the block 4. The output voltage of the active two-terminal device is idle the desired emf (E), is measured by analog-to-digital converter 12, then the output of the active two-terminal circuit is closed with the help of a switch block 3 through a reference resistance providing a mode close to the short amykani bipole at zero potential bus. From the known value of the voltage drop across the reference impedance measured by the analog-to-digital converter 12, the dispatcher 14 calculates the short-circuit current. From the known value of the EMF (E) and the short-circuit current, dispatcher 14 calculates the internal resistance of the two-port network. The internal resistance of the active two-terminal device, in addition to calculating the current in the load of unit 4, is used to monitor the internal state of the two-terminal network. For this, the calculated value of the internal resistance

compared with the reference values of the upper and lower limits of the internal codes. early resistance recorded in block 15.

An increase in internal resistance may indicate, for example, a drying of capacitors, filters in block 2, an increase in the resistance of the valves of block 1, and a decrease in parasitic shunt leakage caused by aging components. The received information is displayed on block 6.

After completing the above algorithm, which takes up a unit of time - tens of microseconds and is not affected, therefore, the execution of the main function of dispatcher 14 - voltage stabilization at block 4, block 4 is again connected to the active two-port network.

For self-tuning of the device, dispatcher 14 reads from block 15 a reference tuning code, which is fed to the input of a precision digital-to-analog converter 16. The output voltage of the converter 16 is converted by the converter 12 into a code, which again enters the input of the dispatcher 14.

Inputs converters i2 and 16. they are also alternately connected to the zero potential bus, and the resulting value of the transformed code, which ideally should be zero, is fed to the input of dispatcher 1

Using the obtained and reference codes, dispatcher 14 calculates both the additive and multiplicative errors of the converter 12 related to changes in the external conditions, voltages and currents of the drift operation amplifiers of the converters 12 and 1b, and aging of the components.

The value of the error codes is used to correct the values of the stabilized voltages at the output of the active two-port network.

According to the commands from the controller 14, the voltage converter 12 is measured at the output of the battery 10 and, based on the result of these measurements, the charging device of the battery 10 is controlled,

Dispatcher 14 controls the state of block 6 (for example, input registers, image playback elements) and remote control 7 (for example, the position of the adjustment knobs).

The internal resistance of the keys of the block 3 and the switch 9 is calculated by the dispatcher 14 by the known values of the voltage before and after the keys measured by the converter 12 and by the known values of the current in the loads of the block 4 and compared with the reference values stored in block 15. The deviation of the monitored par; 1 meter of nominal is interpreted accordingly (break, leakage, increase in direct resistance (key fob, for example due to contact wear)) and is fed to the display and alarm unit 6.

The digital-analog multiplier 11 (see Fig. 2) contains a transformer 20 with a primary winding 21, a secondary winding 22 whose inductance is 2L, and with a key 23, chokes 24 whose inductance is

L (with the exception of low-order Drossel, whose inductance is 2L), output windings 25.

Each of the primary windings 21 of the transformers 20 is connected to the alternating voltage source on the bus 17 directly at one end and the second end through a switch 23.

The key 23 closes when two conditions are simultaneously fulfilled: a corresponding code in the code from the output of the controller 14 on the corresponding bus and the point in time corresponding to zero crossing of a sinusoidal alternating voltage on the bus 17. At this point in time, the synchronizer 5 generates an enable pulse on the bus nineteen.

The key 23 is operating in the relay mode - closed, open, so the energy losses on the keys 23 are insignificant.

In Fig.2, the operation of the key 23 simultaneously from two signals is shown conventionally.

The resulting voltage at the output of the multiplier 11 is determined by the sum of the voltages from the activated trapsformators 20 in accordance with the weights of these voltages:

.

U --U.2% U, -2V, .. U. -S -2 z. g g b .Q

where and is the voltage on the bus 17,

Therefore, it is equal to the product of the analogue voltage U by a digital code.

The output circuits 25 are directly or inductively connected to the transformer 20, which are in the higher order. The circuits 25 are removed from the circuits 25, the amplitude of which corresponds to the required range of values of the constant supply voltages on the loads of the block 4.

Claims (2)

The use of new elements of a digital-analogue multiplier, an analogue digital converter, an increment analyzer, an information controller, a block of settings and constants, a digital-analogue converter favorably distinguishes this device for power supply from the prototype, since hybrid digital-analogue methods of information processing are used, allowing to react flexibly to the most varied situations associated with the operation of the device, namely: to stabilize the voltage at the load when the power supply changes April voltage, the load, environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, pressure, aging) simultaneously with the correction of the additive and multiplicative mull errors arising in the path stabilization circuit numbers analog negative feedback from communication, which is equivalent to self-tuning, self-calibration and self-organization; implement complex algorithms for switching on, switching off, switching the device, calculating and controlling parameters that characterize the functional reliability of the device (emf, short circuit current, internal resistance); determine critical and emergency modes (overload, short circuit, overvoltage, voltage reduction, overheating, etc.) with a simple modification of these algorithms, which allows devices. easily reoriented to any other load according to their specifics; use digital standards that preserve a given accuracy determined by the number of bits in the code used for a long time, and the number of signals can be quite large (within the entire capacity of the passive storage device); switch the regulating elements of the digital-analogue multiplier, operating in the relay mode and connected to the bus of the zero potential of persons at those moments of time when the current through them is close to zero, and only when it is necessary to carry out the correction of the output voltage ( , regulating the element switches all the time, and in compensatory mode it works in linear mode, dissipating greater power). Due to this, the stabilization energy losses are minimized: to save information in the operational memory and the operability of the digital computer during interruptions in the supply voltage: to control and control the auxiliary units. Due to these possibilities, this power supply device can be classified as intelligent, self-intelligent devices that can be operated in conditions where periodic preventive maintenance is excluded due to the specific operation (aerospace reactor, etc.). The device can be controlled via a communication channel, allowing it to be reprogrammed at a distance. The digital-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters used in the device are commercially produced in hybrid and integrated versions. Passive memory devices are also produced in integrated versions, on the basis of which a set of settings and constants are built. The information controller is also constructed using commercially available items with a suitable degree (integration. Claim 1, A power supply device containing series-connected valve block, filter unit and switch block whose output serves to connect the load block, synchronizer whose input is connected to the first input terminal for connecting the power supply network, to the input of the reference source and to the first battery input of the battery, display and alarm unit, remote control, one of the inputs It is expensive to connect to the second input to enable or disable the device, and a switch, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality indicator of the device, it is equipped with a digital-analog multiplier / output of which is connected to the input of the valve unit, the first input is to the specified first input output , the second - to the synchronizer output, the information controller, to the output of whichJ, connected to the second input of the switch block, is connected the third input of the digital-analogue multiplier, analog-digital right the former, whose first input is connected to the output of the flea of switches, the second to the output of the filter unit, the third to the third input of the digital-analog multiplier, the fourth to the output of the switch, the first input of which is connected to the output of the battery of the batteries, the second input to the output of the reference source, and the third input - with the output of the information dispatcher, with the analyzer of the terminals, the output of which is connected to the first input of the information dispatcher, the first input is connected to the output of the analog-digital converter and the second input nformatsionnogo controller, the second input - to the third input information manager, a fourth input coupled to an output panel, and the third input increment analyzer connected to the third input of the digital to analog multiplier, tsifroanalogovytl converter, one input of which is connected to the output yn formation controller, another input is the third input of the information controller, and the output is with the fifth input of the analog-digital converter, a block of settings and constants, the first input of which is connected to the third input terminal serving for connecting the program source bus, the second input is with the second of the specified inputs of the digital-to-analog converter, the third input is with the third input of the digital-analog converter, and the output is with the fifth input of the information controller, the sixth input of which is connected to the output of the alarm unit and the display ns, the input connected to the third input of the digital to analog multiplier and the other input panel, wherein the battery output accumulators connected to the third input of the switch block, and the other input - to the third input setting unit, and constants 2. A non.l device, characterized in that a digital-analog multiplier is made of series-connected nodes according to the number of bits of the input code, each of which are made in the form of droplets, one and the second - OUTPUTS of which are connected to the first terminals of the secondary windings of transformers of neighboring nodes except the low bit, one output of which is connected to the zero potential bus, the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the first input of the digital-analogue multiplier, the other output through the switching circuit to the secondary output of the transformer secondary winding and to the zero potential bus, and the two control inputs of the switching circuit are connected to the second and third inputs A digital-analogue multiplier, the output of which is galvanically and inductively connected to a transformer of a higher-order group. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 310239, cl. G 05 F 1/10, 1969. 2. Electrotechnical reference. Ed. Grudinsky, P. G, and others. V. 1, kn.2, M., Energie 1971, p.793 (prototype). 2 Phi1.1