SU723057A1

SU723057A1 - Apparatus for loosening frozen soil

Info

Publication number: SU723057A1
Application number: SU782661774A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Анатолий Александрович Крюков; Владимир Григорьевич Попов
Priority date: 1978-09-07
Filing date: 1978-09-07
Publication date: 1980-03-25

Description

II

.Изобретение - относитс к устройствам дл рыхлени мерзлого грунта крупным сколом , в частности к винтоклиновым устройствам .The invention relates to devices for loosening frozen soil by a large cleaver, in particular, to screw-type devices.

Известно устройство дл рыхлени мерзлого грунта, включающее корпус, приводную штангу с винтовым наконечником и шарнирно-закрепленные на корпусе клинь 1.A device for loosening frozen ground, comprising a housing, a driving rod with a screw tip and a wedge 1 hinged to the housing is known.

Однако процесс рыхлени грунта имее высокую энергоемкость. Объ сн етс это тем, что приводна штанга завинчиваетс в мерзлый грунт с одновременным внедрением в него клиньев. Скол грунта в сторону открытой стенки забо происходит в результате действи распорных сил, возникающих при вдавливании клина в мерзлый грунт, и поворота острой части клина вокруг цапфы . Сопротивлени грунта вдавливанию клиньев требуют применени значительной мощности привода вращени винтового наконечника , что в целом обусловливает высокую энергое.мкость процесса и снижает производительность разработки мерзлых грунтов .However, the process of loosening the soil has a high energy intensity. This is explained by the fact that the drive rod is screwed into the frozen soil with the simultaneous introduction of wedges into it. The ground splitting in the direction of the open wall of the slab occurs as a result of the action of the expansion forces arising when the wedge is pressed into the frozen ground, and the turning of the sharp part of the wedge around the trunnion. Soil resistance to indentation of wedges requires the use of a significant power drive of the rotation of the screw tip, which in general leads to a high energy content of the process and reduces the productivity of the development of frozen soils.

Известно устройство дл рыхлени мерз лого грунта, включающее корпус, привод ную штангу с винтовым наконечником и соеA device for loosening frozen ground is known, which includes a housing, a driving rod with a screw tip and soy

тавные клинь с шарнирно-соедИненными звень ми. При это ,, звень охвачены общей пружиной.wedges with articulated joints. With this, the links are covered by a common spring.

Использование клина, выполненного нз двух шарнирно-соединенны.х одна с другой частей, с надетой на него пружиной исключает изгибающие моменты и заклинивание клиньев, что в целом повышает эффективность рыхлени мерзлого грунта крупным сколом 2J.The use of a wedge, made by two articulated joints with one another, with a spring mounted on it, eliminates bending moments and wedging, which generally improves the efficiency of loosening frozen soil with a large cleaver 2J.

Одн-iKo разработка грунта с помощью известного устройства имеет также значительную энергоемкость, вследствие того, что скол грунта осуществл етс только за счет расклинивающих сил, создаваемых усилием напора при вдавливании клиньев в грунт. Причем внедрение их происходит в направлении веро тного образовани трещин в грунте.One-iKo excavation using a known device also has a significant energy intensity, due to the fact that the cleavage of the soil is carried out only due to the wedging forces created by the force of the pressure when the wedges are pressed into the soil. Moreover, their introduction occurs in the direction of the possible formation of cracks in the soil.

Цель изобретени - снижение энергоемкости и повыщение производительности разработки мер.злых грунтов за счет применени комбинированного способа рыхлени с обеспечением финудительно направленного крупного скола грунта.The purpose of the invention is to reduce the energy intensity and increase the productivity of the development of old-earth soils through the use of a combined method of loosening with the provision of a fuse-directional large-scale spalling of the soil.

Claims

The goal is achieved by the fact that each of the wedges is made of upper, middle and lower links and has a spring-loaded relative to the upper link covering sleeve with diametrically located in the lower part of the vertical cut and guide that interacts with the vertical groove on the lower link. - In FIG. 1 shows a device for loosening frozen ground, front view; in fig. 2 - wedge, before penetration into the ground; in fig. 3 - the same, after complete introduction of the lower link in the ground. The device for loosening the frozen ground consists of a housing 1 with a drive, a drive rod 2 with a tip 3 having a helical blade, and two composite wedges. Each wedge is made in the form of three pivotally connected to each other with the help of 4 axles of links, upper 5, middle 6 and lower working 7, on which sleeve 8, abutting in spring 9 is put. Sleeve 8 has cut 1-Р and diametrically located on the inner cylindrical surface stop P, inserted into the longitudinal groove 12 of the lower working link 7. A device for loosening frozen soil works as follows. With a mechanical drive (not shown) and the initial axial force, the rod 2 with the screw tip 3 is screwed into the frozen ground. From the moment the ground wedges touch, their introduction begins under the action of the thrust force generated by the screw tip 3. As the wedges are inserted, the sleeve 8, resting on the ground, slides along the wedge, compressing the spring 9. In this case, the stop 11 moves along the longitudinal groove 12 of the lower link 7. After insertion of the lower working link 7, a certain depth of the stop P reaches the bevel of the groove 12. located at the hinge, and draws the lower hinge away from the longitudinal axis of the entire wedge by an amount equal to the height of the stop 11. As a result, n klnn, unfolded into two components: wedge along the working unit and perpendicular to it. The latter, being fitted to the joints of the lower working links 7, rotates nx relative to the vertices by an angle (i, thereby producing a forced chipping of the soil towards the open wall of the slab. The cycle is repeated. Invention The device for loosening the frozen soil, including the housing, the drive shaft screw tip and composite wedges with articulated joints, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of loosening by providing a force-directed cleavage of the soil, each wedge is made of upper, middle and lower links and has a spring-loaded relative to the upper link covering sleeve with diametrically located in the lower part of the vertical cut and guide stop, and the lower link is made with a vertical groove for engagement with the guide rest. 1. USSR author's certificate No. 293964, class E 02 F 5/30, 1969.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 589345, cl. E 02 F 5/30, 1976 (prototype).

Fig.Z